Competitiveness as the factor of settlements terms forming at the market of chocolate producers

The relevance of the investigated problem is caused by increasing levels of competition in the industry markets of chocolate producers in Russia and the need to maintain the profitability of the companies’ activities in the unstable macroeconomic conditions. The aim of the article is to assess the impact of competitive forces on settlements terms between the participants of supply chain, taking into account relative financial and industrial competitiveness of suppliers and buyers. The leading method of this problem is the research analysis of the market situation in the industry based on the model of five forces of competition by M. Porter (2004), as well as assessment of individual indicators of financial condition of chocolate products manufacturing companies using the analysis of some indicators. The article defines the conditions of optimization of financing sources for current payments based on relative financial and industrial competitiveness of suppliers and buyers. Article Submissions are of practical value to chocolate producers operating in Russian and international markets. © 2016 Arman, Syamsul Bachri Thalib, Darman Manda

Evaluation methods basis of strategy development effectiveness of the enterprise

The urgency to study the problem is caused by the necessity to make management decisions in terms of reducing goods life cycle, reducing profitability of production, increasing speed of technological progress. In this context, this article aims to identify and elaborate the tools for integrated diagnostic of strategy efficiency, taking into account the relationship of parameters which characterize various spheres of enterprise activity, and to formulate integral indicator of strategic effectiveness, which can be accepted as the criterion for evaluating the effectiveness of strategic development. The leading approach to the study of this problem was the systems approach, used in the development of methods for efficiency evaluation of strategic development, it allows to identify priority factors of the strategic development of the company. The article substantiates the use of value approach to management as a methodical bases of diagnostics of the effectiveness of the strategic development of the industrial enterprises; the matrix tool was developed, supplementing the information-analytical foundation of management. The results of the research work may be useful for effectiveness evaluation of the strategic development of industrial enterprise and for identifying priority strategic development factors and making recommendations to improve the value of business. © 2016 Zotova et al

Российский миттельшпиль: экономика, техногенез, геостратегия

The article presents a review of plenary session of the international scientific conference “Russian Middlegame: Economy, Technogenesis, Geostrategy” organized by laboratory of philosophy of economy of Faculty of economics of MSU together with scientific council of «Center of social sciences of MSU» on December 5—7, 2018. The reports considering the current state of Russia’s economy from various positions, geostrategies at the middlegame moment, a middle and most responsible part of the big game, that by Russia forcedly leads on world «chessboard», were submitted at plenary session. Presented points of view allow to consider in a new fashion present world processes, their influence on the Russian policy and economy, to offer strategy for Russia in this world game.Представлен обзор пленарного заседания международной научной конференции «Российский миттельшпиль: экономика, техногенез, геостратегия», организованной лабораторией философии хозяйства экономического факультета МГУ совместно с научным советом «Центр общественных наук МГУ» 5–7 декабря 2018 г. На пленарном заседании были представлены доклады, рассматривающие с различных позиций современное состояние российской экономики, геостратегии в момент миттельшпиля — средней и самой ответственной части большой игры, вынужденно ведущейся Россией на мировой «шахматной доске». Представленные точки зрения позволяют по-новому посмотреть на происходящие мировые процессы, их влияние на российскую политику и экономику, предложить стратегию для России в этой мировой игре

THE PROBLEM OF CONTROL WHILE IMPLEMENTING ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGES AT THE UNIVERSITIES

The nature of educational services of higher education has been considered and a number of factors, that need to be taken into account when assessing the productivity and effectiveness of changes from the point of view of different stakeholders, taking into account the mechanism of coordination of interests, has been considered. One of the results of the study is the classification of forms of control depending on the degree of realization of the stakeholders’ interests. The analysis of existing methods for assessing the effectiveness of organizational changes in terms of their applicability to organizational changes in universities also has been made. It has been concluded, that the organization’s ability to achieve its goals depends on the degree of mutual integration and consistency of all elements of the considered comprehensive change management mechanism at the university

Strategic analysis of sustainable socioeconomic situation of rural areas in the Samara Region of the Russian Federation

On the one hand, the relevance of this problem is primarily determined by growing gap of rural territorial entities in socioeconomic development, and on the other hand, due to their significance in such prominent aspects for the country as food security, maintaining the existing land, industrial, ecological, demographic and human potential. The purpose of the article is comprehensive assessment of socioeconomic, institutional and ecological situation of rural areas in order to justify managerial decisions and effective policy making at the regional and local levels. The leading method for studying this problem is stratigic analysis of processes of developing rural areas, as well as factors, affecting development. The results of the study: In this article the authors assessed the situation in socioeconomic sphere of munitipalities in the Samara Region of the Russian Federation, accordingly, based on this, the authors concluded about a predominance of degradation processes, which form instability in the development of rural areas. The results of this study can be used by the regional authorities in their practice for making and implementation both regional policy, as well as strategy of socioeconomic development of rural area. © 2016 Belyaeva et al

Polaron transformations in the realistic model of the strongly correlated electron system

Electron-phonon coupling, diagonal in a real space formulation, leads to polaron paradigm of smoothly varying properties. However, fundamental changes, namely the singular behavior of polarons, occur if non-diagonal pairing is involved into consideration. The study of polaron transformations and related properties of matter is of particular interest for realistic models, since competition between diagonal and non-diagonal electron-phonon contributions in the presence of other strong interactions can result in unconventional behavior of the system. Here we consider the multiband pd-model of cuprate superconductors with electron-phonon interaction and analyze the features of the systems that are caused by the competition of diagonal and non-diagonal electron-phonon contributions in the limit of strong electron correlations. Using the polaronic version of the generalized tight-binding method, we describe the evolution of the band structure, Fermi surface, density of states at Fermi level, and phonon spectral function in the space of electron-phonon parameters ranging from weak to strong coupling strength of the adiabatic limit. On the phase diagram of polaron properties we reveal two quantum phase transitions and show how electron-phonon interaction gives rise to Fermi surface transformation (i) from hole pockets to Fermi arcs and (ii) from hole to electron type of conductivity. We also demonstrate the emergence of new states in the phonon spectral function of the polaron and discuss their origin.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figure

Chromosome 1p13 genetic variants antagonize the risk of myocardial infarction associated with high ApoB serum levels

PMCID: PMC3480949This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

A Thin-Layer Chromatography Method for the Determination of Essential Oil Components in Anise and Fennel Fruits

Scientific relevance. The State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation, edition XIV, requires the identification of aniseed and fennel fruits by the same thin-layer chromatography (TLC) procedure using Sudan III and menthol. These markers are neither specific nor related to the therapeutic effects of these herbal drug products. The visual interpretation of chromatograms is complicated because of the low intensity of adsorption zones. Moreover, the corresponding compendial monographs do not characterise the adsorption zones specific to each of the plants. The most abundant component in aniseed and fennel essential oils, trans-anethole, would make a better reference standard from a methodological point of view.Aim. This study aimed to optimise the TLC procedure for essential oil determination in herbal drugs and herbal medicinal products of aniseed and fennel fruits and subsequently recommend it for inclusion in the relevant compendial monographs.Materials and methods. The study examined samples from several batches of herbal drugs, including aniseed and common fennel fruits, sourced from Russian manufacturers. The reference standards comprised commercial reagents, including trans-anethole, anise oil, and linalool, as well as fresh essential oils that had been steam distilled from the test samples in a Clevenger apparatus. The study was conducted by TLC. Sample preparation involved using Merck aluminium TLC plates, an IKA KS-501 digital orbital shaker, and a CAMAG Linomat 5 semi-automatic sample application system. The authors heated the plates in either a Binder ED53 drying oven or a CAMAG TLC plate heater. For visualisation, the authors selected a CAMAG TLC VISUALIZER 2 UV imaging and documentation system.Results. The informational and experimental research showed the feasibility of using trans-anethole as an identification reference standard for common anise and fennel fruits. The authors selected the optimal solvent for extracting active substances from the test products (hexane) and a detection reagent for improving visual evaluation of the chromatograms (1% sulfovanillin). The authors established characteristic adsorption zones for differentiating between aniseed and fennel fruits.Conclusions. The optimised procedure identifies the main components in the essential oils of aniseed and fennel fruits with a specific reference standard. This procedure may be recommended for inclusion in draft monographs for the corresponding herbal medicinal products

Comparative Assessment of Quality Requirements for Medicinal Products Containing Diosmin

Currently, there is an increase in preand post-approval testing of medicinal products containing diosmin and hence a need to unify approaches to standardisation of this group of pharmaceuticals. Moreover, the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation lacks a monograph for these products.The aim of the study was to determine an approach to standardisation of medicinal products containing diosmin.Materials and methods: the study analysed scientific publications, as well as monographs of leading foreign pharmacopoeias. Experimental work was carried out using samples of diosmin-containing pharmaceuticals in the form of 500 and 1000 mg film-coated tablets produced by Russian and foreign manufacturers. The study involved high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection using an Agilent 1260 Infinity II liquid chromatography system with a diode array detector. The following reference standards were used: a diosmin RS, USP grade; a hesperidin CRS, Ph. Eur. Grade; and a diosmin CRS for testing chromatography system suitability for identification of impurities A, B, C, D, E, and F, Ph. Eur. grade.Results: the authors reviewed quality requirements for pharmaceutical products containing diosmin and analysed experimental data obtained during preand post-approval testing of Russian and foreign medicines. The comparison of regulatory documents for registered diosmin-containing medicinal products showed a difference in approaches to assessing the contents of related substances and active pharmaceutical ingredients. Having analysed the literature, experimental data and regulatory requirements for standardisation of diosmin-containing pharmaceuticals, the authors recommended an approach to standardisation. According to the approach, concomitant flavonoids (hesperidin, isorchoifolin, linarin, and diosmetin) contributing to the pharmacological activity of a medicinal product are specified as part of Assay, and process-related by-products (impurities A and D) are specified and evaluated as part of Related substances tests.Conclusion: the authors propose to evaluate the contents of concomitant flavonoids (hesperidin, isorchoifolin, linarin, diosmetin) under Assay and to specify impurities A and D, as well as single unidentified impurities and total amount of impurities under Related substances