6 research outputs found
ΠΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ·Π»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π½Π° ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ½Π΅ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ° Π½Π° Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠΏΠ΅Π»Π°Π³Π΅ Π¨ΠΏΠΈΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ (Π ΠΠ¦Π¨)
The system of long-term permafrost observations was organised on the cryospheric site of Russian Scientiο¬ c Center on Spitsbergen in summer 2016. The monitoring site is established in the vicinity of mining settlement Barentsburg on a sequence of Holocene marine terraces. The core drilling showed that the thickness of gravel sands and clays with massive and schlieren cryostructure forming the accumulative terraces is of 2β7 m. Cretaceous and Neocene fractured sandstones and mudstones underlie them. Automated thermistor cables were installed in two boreholes to monitor the temperature on the depth of zero annual amplitude and seasonal distribution of zero-degree isotherm. The temperature β2,37 Β°C was measured at 15 m depth. The thickness of active layer measured at ten meter net on the observational site of 100100 m varied from 1,15 to 2,60 m with average of 1,56 m. Chemical analysis of aqueous extract revealed a geochemical barrier at 0,8β1,6 m below permafrost upper boundary in the period of maximum thawing, which apparently marks maximum seasonal thaw depth during the Holocene climatic optimum. In this paper recommendations on continuing and extending of pilot permafrost dynamic observations on Spitsbergen are given.Π 2016 Π³. Π½Π° ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ½Π΅ Π ΠΠ¦Π¨ (ΠΎ. ΠΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΡΠΉ Π¨ΠΏΠΈΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅Π½) Π²ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ·Π»ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄. ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ½ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π² ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ±ΡΡΠ³ Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΆΡΡ Π¨ΠΏΠΈΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π° Π»Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Ρ. Π‘ΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π³ΡΠ°Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡΡΡ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΡΠ³Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ, ΡΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π°ΠΊΠΊΡΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ, Π²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡ 2 Π΄ΠΎ 7 ΠΌ; Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ Π·Π°Π»Π΅Π³Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π°Π½ΡΡ. ΠΠ²Π΅ ΡΠΊΠ²Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π΅ Π½ΡΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΡ
Π°ΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΄ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π³ΡΡΠ½Ρ Π½ΡΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΡ. Π’Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ° Π½Π° Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π΅ 15 ΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° β2,37 Β°Π‘. ΠΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ΅ Ρ ΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΠΌ Π² 10 ΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ 100100 ΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ 1,15 Π΄ΠΎ 2,60 ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΌ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ 1,56 ΠΌ. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΡΡΠΆΠΊΠΈ Π³Π΅ΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π±Π°ΡΡΠ΅Ρ, Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΡ Π½Π° 0,8β1,6 ΠΌ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ Π²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ·Π»ΠΎΡΡ Π² ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎ, ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΌΠ°. Π‘Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ
Π½Π° ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π·Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ·Π»ΠΎΡΡ Π¨ΠΏΠΈΡΠ±Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅Π½Π°
ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ² ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ·Π»ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΠΠ½ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
Aerobic and anaerobic bacteria from the permafrost of King George Island, Schirmacher, Larsemann, Banger oases and Hobbs Coast have been cultured. Based on the qualitative and quantitative composition of the cultivated community of samples, a comparative analysis of the biodiversity of marine, lake and fluvioglacial deposits of different geocryological conditions and age was made.ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
Π±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ· ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ·Π»ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΠΈΠ½Π³ ΠΠΆΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΆ, ΠΎΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Π¨ΠΈΡΠΌΠ°Ρ
Π΅ΡΠ°, Π₯ΠΎΠ»ΠΌΡ ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°Π½Π½, ΠΠ°Π½Π³Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π³Π° Π₯ΠΎΠ±Π±ΡΠ°. ΠΠ° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π° ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
, ΠΎΠ·Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΠ²ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π»ΡΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ°
Microbial and Geochemical Evidence of Permafrost Formation at Mamontova Gora and Syrdakh, Central Yakutia
Biotracers marking the geologic history and permafrost evolution in Central Yakutia, including Yedoma Ice Complex (IC) deposits, were identified in a multiproxy analysis of water chemistry, isotopic signatures, and microbial datasets. The key study sections were the Mamontova Gora and Syrdakh exposures, well covered in the literature. In the Mamontova Gora section, two distinct IC strata with massive ice wedges were described and sampled, the upper and lower IC strata, while previously published studies focused only on the lower IC horizon. Our results suggest that these two IC horizons differ in water origin of wedge ice and in their cryogenic evolution, evidenced by the differences in their chemistry, water isotopic signatures and the microbial community compositions. Microbial community similarity between ground ice and host deposits is shown to be a proxy for syngenetic deposition and freezing. High community similarity indicates syngenetic formation of ice wedges and host deposits of the lower IC horizon at the Mamontova Gora exposure. The upper IC horizon in this exposure has much lower similarity metrics between ice wedge and host sediments, and we suggest epigenetic ice wedge development in this stratum. We found a certain correspondence between the water origin and the degree of evaporative transformation in ice wedges and the microbial community composition, notably, the presence of Chloroflexia bacteria, represented by Gitt-GS-136 and KD4-96 classes. These bacteria are absent at the ice wedges of lower IC stratum at Mamontova Gora originating from snowmelt, but are abundant in the Syrdakh ice wedges, where the meltwater underwent evaporative isotopical fractionation. Minor evaporative transformation of water in the upper IC horizon of Mamontova Gora, whose ice wedges formed by meltwater that was additionally fractionated corresponds with moderate abundance of these classes in its bacterial community. Β© Copyright Β© 2021 Cherbunina, Karaevskaya, Vasilβchuk, Tananaev, Shmelev, Budantseva, Merkel, Rakitin, Mardanov, Brouchkov and Bulat.We thank Samsonova Vera, Karzhavin Vladimir, Pankov Alexander, Andreevskaya Maya and Alexander Osipov for their for their invaluable assistance in field work
ΠΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅ΠΎΡ ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ·Π»ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π°ΡΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΆΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΡΠ΄Π°Π½
Biogeochemistry of permanently frozen deposits on the arctic shore of Gydan peninsula Core drilling was performed in four regions of arctic shore on Gydan peninsula. Complex laboratory analysis of cores allowed to characterize biochemistry of Gydan permafrost. These results are compared with data from other permafrost provinces and are applied for paleoreconstructions.Π ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅Ρ
ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ
Π°ΡΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΆΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΡΠ΄Π°Π½ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ Π±ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ½Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ·Π»ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ» Π΄Π°ΡΡ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅ΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ·Π»ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π½Π° ΠΡΠ΄Π°Π½Π΅, ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Ρ Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΡ
Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠ°Π»Π΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ