Morphological and functional criteria for the effectiveness of recreational activities in children

Objective. The study aimed to perform a comprehensive morphofunctional assessment of the effectiveness of recreational activities in children aged 9–12 years in the summer of 2019.Materials and methods. The study was conducted by the “Problem scientific laboratory of physical methods of diagnosis and treatment” of RostGMU in the children’s health and recreation camp “Mir” (Krasnyi Desant village, Gulf of Taganrog). Procedures and time of the study: somatometry, bioimpedance analysis, сardiointervalography, stabilometrics on the 2nd day of stay and 2.5 weeks after. Two groups were formed: Group I included overweight children (OW), n = 15 (boys, n = 9; girls, n = 6); Group II included children with normal physical development (NPD), n = 37 (boys, n = 17; girls, n = 20). The children received a non-drug complex of camp resource provision for 3 weeks.Results. Health measures did not lead to significant changes in the somatometric parameters. According to the results of the сardiointerval recording, an authentic increase in the variational range and vegetative rhythm index was found in children with NPD, which indicates an increase in the parasympathetic activity of regulation. The stress index decreased by 30% in the case of NPD, and by 6% in the case of OW. Data from the stabilometric “Balls” simulator showed that after the recovery, the regulation of postural control was optimized, and decision-making processes were accelerated, especially in children with NPD.Conclusion. The study showed that in order to assess the effectiveness of recreational activities, along with “mandatory” methods, it is advisable to use functional methods such as cardiointervalography and stabilometrics, which can be recommended for use in health and rehabilitation institutions to assess the adaptive capabilities of the organism

Detection of rifampicin and izoniazid resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from Samara Region (Central Russia)

Recently high rates of tuberculosis incidence and prevalence are observed in civilian and prisons sectors in Russia. One of the main reasons for high morbidity levels and ineffectiveness of treatment is wide spreading of drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains, but accurate and comprehensive information on levels of drug resistance among strains circulating in Central Russia is unavailable. Rifampicin and izoniazid resistance detection in TB isolates from Samara (Central Russia) civilian and prison TB hospitals and dispensaries in 2000–2002 by revealing mutations in rpoB, katG and inhA genes using Macroarray technique. Methods: A total of 342 M. tuberculosis isolates were tested using Macroarray method. It is based on multiplex amplification of rpoB, katG and inhA genes fragments (with three pairs of biotin labeled primers) following by dothybridization with normal and mutant oligonucleotide probes (fragments of rpoB, katG and inhA genes in which mutations occur) immobilized on nylon membrane strips. Mycobacterial DNA was extracted by heating of cell suspensions following by chloroform extraction. Streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase color development system was used for visualization of results

Interpolymer complexes based on Carbopol^® and poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) as carriers for buccal delivery of metformin

Introduction. Buccal drug delivery has a number of advantages over oral administration: ease of application, good blood supply to the buccal mucosa, drug can enter the systemic circulation directly, avoiding the "first pass effect through the liver", and are not exposed to the acidic environment of the gastric juice and the destructive action of digestive enzymes. The use of interpolymer complexes (IPCs) makes it possible not only to ensure adhesion to the mucosal membranes of the oral cavity, but also to achieve a prolonged release of drugs.Aim. Development of carriers based on interpolymer complexes using Carbopol® 971 NF (C971) and poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (POZ) of different molecular weights for buccal delivery of metformin (MF).Materials and methods. The study of IPC adhesion was carried out using a TA.XTplus texture analyzer (Stable Micro Systems, UK); mucin compacts with a diameter of 13 mm were used as a substrate; these were prepared by compressing porcine gastric mucin powder using a manual hydraulic press for IR spectroscopy (PerkinElmer, USA) at a pressure of 2.45 MPa. The study of the swelling capacity was carried out by placing polymer matrices in an artificial saliva medium, with constant thermostating at a temperature of 37.0 ± 0.5 °C for 5 hours. The study of the release of MF from the matrices based on IPC was carried out using a DFZ II apparatus (Erweka, Germany) according to the Flow Through Cell method (USP IV) with cells for tablets (22.6 mm) and adaptors for ointments, creams and gels in a medium simulating saliva. The concentration of MF in the samples from the dissolution tests was determined with UV-spectrophotometry (Lambda, PerkinElmer, USA) at 232.8 nm.Results and discussion. In a comparative study of the mucoadhesive properties of polymer samples, IPC compacts showed a mucoadhesion capacity comparable to that of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline); at the same time, compacts from physical mixtures (PM) and C971 are inferior in terms of the separation force to IPC samples, however, POZes dissolve in an artificial saliva medium, that is, they are not suitable as dosage forms for buccal delivery. For 5 hours of the experiment to assess the swelling capacity, the IPC matrices did not change significantly, which can ensure their comfortable use as carriers for buccal delivery. When evaluating the release of metformin from polymer matrices (with weight ratio MF/IPC 1: 0.5), the most complete release (more than 90 %) is observed from both IPC matrices compared to matrices of PM and individual polymers.Conclusion. Polycomplex matrix systems based on C971-POZ (50 kDa) and C971-POZ (500 kDa) are suitable for buccal delivery of metformin

Prophylaxis of scoliosis using “elbow limiter” device in younger schoolchildren

This article is devoted to the growing problem of childhood and adolescent scoliosis, one of the main reasons for which is the incorrect placement of the child’s elbows on the working surface. Based on this, the devices for the prevention and treatment of scoliosis, which are currently available all over the world, are analyzed. The device was designed "Elbow Limiter". Presents data from a survey of parents of schoolchildren regarding the possibility of using the device in schools and / or at home.Данная статья поcвящена нарастающей проблеме детского и подpосткового cколиоза, одной из главных причин которого является непpавильное расположeние локтей ребенка на рабочей поверхности. На основании этого проанализированы приспособления для профилактики и лечения сколиоза, имеющиеся на сегодняшний день во всем мире. Был сконструирован прибор «Локтевой лимитер». Представлены данные опроса родителей школьников относительно возможности использования прибора в школах и/или дома

Genetic diversity of Escherichia coli in gut microbiota of patients with Crohn's disease discovered using metagenomic and genomic analyses

© 2018 The Author(s). Background: Crohn's disease is associated with gut dysbiosis. Independent studies have shown an increase in the abundance of certain bacterial species, particularly Escherichia coli with the adherent-invasive pathotype, in the gut. The role of these species in this disease needs to be elucidated. Methods: We performed a metagenomic study investigating the gut microbiota of patients with Crohn's disease. A metagenomic reconstruction of the consensus genome content of the species was used to assess the genetic variability. Results: The abnormal shifts in the microbial community structures in Crohn's disease were heterogeneous among the patients. The metagenomic data suggested the existence of multiple E. coli strains within individual patients. We discovered that the genetic diversity of the species was high and that only a few samples manifested similarity to the adherent-invasive varieties. The other species demonstrated genetic diversity comparable to that observed in the healthy subjects. Our results were supported by a comparison of the sequenced genomes of isolates from the same microbiota samples and a meta-analysis of published gut metagenomes. Conclusions: The genomic diversity of Crohn's disease-associated E. coli within and among the patients paves the way towards an understanding of the microbial mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of the Crohn's disease and the development of new strategies for the prevention and treatment of this disease

Planning, building and development distributed integrated blended education ecosystem at different levels

Copyright © 2020 for this paper by its authors. The planning, formation and development distributed integrated ecosystem blended education at various levels is a very urgent task today. Solving this complex problem can make it possible not only to eliminate the disadvantages inherent in the distance education system, but also to create the basis for building a full-fledged educational technology. The basis for building such an ecosystem, in addition to purely didactic developments, can also be modern achievements in the field of systems theory, digitalization and artificial intelligence. Big data modeling and analytics allow you to create a complete set of technologies for creating an outsourcing network and digital educational chains and predict learning outcomes

Hyperhomocysteinemia in children with pyelonephritis

Objective: to examine the blood levels of homocysteine in children with different courses of chronic pyelonephritis. The study covered 60 children with secondary chronic pyelonephritis. Homocysteine levels were estimated using an Immulite-2000 system (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Inc., USA). Statistical nephroscintigraphy was used to detect the foci of nephrosclerosis. The mean homocysteine level in the children with pyelonephritis was 7,9±4,27 μmol/L; at the same time this did not statistically differ from that observed in healthy children (6,1±2,8 μmol/L) have been identified. Significant differences were obtained only between children with signs of sclerosed kidney tissue and those without the signs (9,68±5,23 and 5,97±0,9; р=0,001); this was typical of all age groups. Detection of hyperhomocysteinemia in children with chronic pyelonephritis determines their allocation to a group at risk for early nephrosclerosis