PECULIARITIES OF AN ASSOCIATION OF POLYMORPHOUS MARKERS -251 Т>А OF IL-8 GENE AND POLYMORPHISM OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI GENES IN NATIVE AND VISITANT POPULATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF KHAKASSIA

We researched, polymorphism, of interleukin IL-8 gene at Helicobacter pylori-associated diseases: ulcers and chronic gastritis in native and visitant population of the Republic of Khakassia by the method, of restriction enzyme digest analysis. Prevalence of subtypes VacA+ and CagA+ of Helicobacter pylori was realized, by the method, of polymerase chain reaction. We revealed, the most widespread allelic variants of genes of cytokines among Khakas. The expediency of determination, of population, risk and. protective genotypes of Helicobacter pylori that promote development of ulcer desease in Khakas

ОЦЕНКА ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТОЙ СИСТЕМЫ У ЛИЦ ЮНОШЕСКОГО ВОЗРАСТА ПРИ ФИЗИЧЕСКОЙ НАГРУЗКЕ

The article presents data on the physical development of youthful persons. It was revealed that a proportional physical and the predominance of muscle strength in relation to body weight, a high strength indicator, but a low recovery coefficient, are characteristic of young men. Girls are characterized by asthenia and recovery coefficient after physical activity, corresponding to a state of fatigue. The dependence of indicators of adaptation to physical activity on body types was revealed. The overwhelming majority of boys and girls had unsatisfactory adaptation rates.В статье представлены данные физического развития лиц юношеского возраста. Выявлено, что для юношей характерно пропорциональное телосложение и преобладание мышечной силы по отношению к массе тела, высокий показатель силы, но низкий коэффициент восстановления. Для девушек характерны астенизация и коэффициент восстановления после физической нагрузки, соответствующий состоянию утомления. Выявлена зависимость показателей адаптации к физической нагрузке от типов телосложения. Подавляющее большинство юношей и девушек имели неудовлетворительные показатели адаптации

ХИРУРГИЧЕСКИЙ ИНДУЦИРОВАННЫЙ АСТИГМАТИЗМ ПРИ ФАКОЭМУЛЬСИФИКАЦИИ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С ПСЕВДОЭКСФОЛИАТИВНЫМ СИНДРОМОМ

Introduction. Surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) is one of the reasons of the patient’s dissatisfaction with the refractive result after phacoemulsification (PHACO). The degree of SIA depends mainly on the type, length, shape and location of the tunnel, the distance to the optical center of the cornea, as well as the biomechanical properties of the cornea. Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX) is associated with a change of the biomechanical properties of the cornea. The issue of the effect of these changes on the degree of SIA remains unexplored.The objective is to assess the influence of PEX on the degree of SIA after PHACO.Material and methods. The study included 42 patients (42 eyes) admitted for surgical treatment of cataracts to the V micro-surgical Department of the HMB № 2. The main group consisted of 20 patients (20 eyes) with PEX, the control group consisted of 22 patients (22 eyes) without PEX.The groups were of equal sex and age. The main selection criterion for the main group was the detection of pseudoexfoliative material on the anterior lens capsule, along the pupillary edge edge or in the corner of the anterior chamber. The exclusion criteria were the traumatic and uveal cataracts, glaucoma and laser vision correction in the anamnesis. All patients underwent keratotopography (TMS-3, Tomey, Japan) preoperatively and in 4 to 6 weeks after surgery.Results. There was no significant difference in the degree of SIA (limbal incision, 2.4 mm) among the groups provided the formation of a 2.4 mm limbal tunnel. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the degree of SIA between the nasal and temporal limbal tunnels within the groups. Введение. Хирургический индуцированный астигматизм (ХИА) – одна из причин неудовлетворенности пациента рефракционным результатом после факоэмульсификации (ФЭ). Степень ХИА зависит преимущественно от типа, длины, формы и расположения тоннеля, расстояния до оптического центра роговицы, а также биомеханических свойств роговицы. Для псевдоэксфолиативного синдрома (ПЭС) характерно изменение биомеханических свойств роговицы. Не изученным остается вопрос о влиянии этих изменений на степень ХИА.Цель – оценка влияния наличия ПЭС на степень ХИА после ФЭ.Материалы и методы. Были обследованы 42 пациента (42 глаза), поступивших для хирургического лечения катаракты на V микрохирургическое отделение ГМПБ № 2. Основную группу составили 20 пациентов (20 глаз) с ПЭС, группу контроля – 22 пациента (22 глаза) без ПЭС. Группы были равноценны по полу и возрасту. Основным критерием отбора в основную группу было обнаружение псевдоэксфолиативного материала на передней капсуле хрусталика, по зрачковому краю или в углу передней камеры. Критерии исключения – травматические и увеальные катаракты, наличие глаукомы и лазерная коррекция зрения в анамнезе. Всем пациентам была выполнена кератотопография (TMS-3, Tomey, Япония) до и через 4–6 недель после операции.Результаты. Достоверной разницы в степени ХИА между группами получено не было при условии формирования лимбального тоннеля 2,4 мм. Степень ХИА между носовыми и височными лимбальными тоннелями не отличается в пределах групп.

Features of the frequency of occurrence of T-330G <i>IL2</i> gene polymorphism in patients with COVID-19

SARS-CoV-2 infection is the etiopathogenetic factor of the new coronavirus infection. Susceptibility to the virus and, accordingly, the incidence differs in children and adults. On the one hand, this reflects the age-related features of the immune response. On the other hand, it is realized through the production of a number of cytokines, including IL-2, and reflects the genetically determined features of cytokine production. The aim of the study was to analyze the frequency of occurrence of T-330G polymorphic variants of the IL2 gene in patients with a new coronavirus infection. A total of 145 patients were examined, including 31.0% of children (n = 45) and 69.0% of adults (n = 100). The diagnosis of a new coronavirus infection was verified by RT-PCR confirming the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and identifying clinical symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection. The control group consisted of 50 healthy volunteer donors. Allele-specific PCR with electrophoretic detection in 3% agarose gel (Litech, Russia) was used to analyze the T-330G polymorphism of the IL2 gene. To compare the frequencies of allele combinations, the χ2 test and the odds ratio OR and (95% CI) were used.The dominant genotype in patients with COVID-19 was the heterozygous GT genotype of the T-330G polymorphism of the IL2 gene. In the group of children at risk of developing a new coronavirus infection, the GG genotype of the T-330G polymorphism of the IL2 gene was associated (31.1% in children and 18.0% in the control group, p &lt; 0.05, OR = 2.047). While the homozygous TT genotype of the T-330G polymorphism of the IL2 gene was a protective genotype (its occurrence rate was 26.7% in patients, 54.0% in the control group, p &lt; 0.05, OR = 0.315). In adults, the heterozygous GT genotype of the T-330G polymorphism of the IL2 gene was associated with the risk of developing a new coronavirus infection (in the group of patients – 44.0% versus control – 28.0%, p = 0.028, OR = 2.020). A low risk of developing the disease was associated with the homozygous TT variant of the T-330G polymorphism of the IL2 gene (in the group of patients 37.0% versus control – 54.0%, p = 0.024, OR = 0.500).The T-330G polymorphism of the promoter zone of the IL2 gene differently affects its production. The direction of the immune response and its effectiveness depend on the level of IL-2. Understanding the individual factors that determine the features of the immune response can help in understanding the mechanisms of development of COVID-19-associated diseases and the selection of approaches to personalized methods of their treatment

Development of chromosome-specific markers for a study on introgressive hybridization of potato with the wild Mexican allotetraploid species Solanum stoloniferum Schltdl

In order to involve valuable germplasm of the wild Mexican allotetraploid potato species Solanum stoloniferum Schltdl. (genomic composition ААВВ) into breeding, pentaploid interspecific hybrids (ААAAВ) with cultivated potato S. tuberosum L. (АААА) and their backcross progenies are usually used. Homologous synapsis in meiosis of such hybrids is expected only between chromosomes of the A subgenome, therefore a question arose about a possibility of introgressing genetic material of the subgenome B into the A genome of cultivated potato. In this connection, development of various schemes for the B subgenome introgression into the genome of cultivated potato is considered as a topical issue. The previous research has yielded four schemes of S. stoloniferum involvement into breeding, which imply backcrossing with cultivated potato of the following interspecific hybrids: (1) hexaploids (genomic composition ААААВВ, the conventional introgression scheme), (2) tetraploids (putatively, АААВ), (3) self-pollination progeny of a 4x hybrid and (4) pentaploid hybrids with a putative genome composition of АААВВ. The present paper presents the first results of the development of chromosome-specific DNA markers for the identification of S. stoloniferum chromosomes in interspecific hybrids. An S. stoloniferum accession PI 205522 with a high degree of resistance to late blight and PVY had been found to possess several DNA-markers of the R-genes conferring resistance to these pathogens and was used in hybridization as a promising parent. A set of 23 SSR- and CAPS markers with the known chromosome location in S. tuberosum was generated. These markers detect polymorphism between parent genotypes, i.e., the diploid clone IGC 10/1.21 of cultivated potatoes S. tuberosum, and accession PI 205522 of S. stoloniferum. All the markers specific for the wild species were found in triploid (ААВ) and pentaploid (АААВВ) hybrids of S. stoloniferum × S. tuberosum. This set of markers will be used for efficiency assessment of different schemes for S. stoloniferum genetic material introgression into the obtained BC2-BC3 generations after crossing the interspecific hybrids with cultivated potato

A Review of the Properties of Nb3Sn and Their Variation with A15 Composition, Morphology and Strain State

This article gives an overview of the available literature on simplified, well defined (quasi-)homogeneous laboratory samples. After more than 50 years of research on superconductivity in Nb3Sn, a significant amount of results are available, but these are scattered over a multitude of publications. Two reviews exist on the basic properties of A15 materials in general, but no specific review for Nb3Sn is available. This article is intended to provide such an overview. It starts with a basic description of the Niobium-Tin intermetallic. After this it maps the influence of Sn content on the the electron-phonon interaction strength and on the field-temperature phase boundary. The literature on the influence of Cu, Ti and Ta additions will then be briefly summarized. This is followed by a review on the effects of grain size and strain. The article is concluded with a summary of the main results.Comment: Invited Topical Review for Superconductor, Science and Technology. Provisionally scheduled for July 200

Современные представления о диагностической роли биомаркеров эндотелиальной дисфункции и возможностях ее коррекции

Highlights. The article presents a review of literature data on the diagnostic role of endothelial dysfunction biomarkers. The review provides an overview of the main indicators, their significance in various pathologies, and presents possible therapeutic strategies for preventing endothelial dysfunction.Abstract. Endothelial dysfunction is a characteristic feature of each stage of the cardiovascular continuum – a series of events from hypertension to the development of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease, thrombus formation, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. Due to the prominent role of endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of many vascular diseases, it is a significant therapeutic target. It is important to note that circulating markers of endothelial activation and damage characterize the severity of the disease and can be used to evaluate the efficacy of treatment and subsequent prognosis. The purpose of this review is to provide up–to-date data on endothelial function, discussing its clinical relevance in the cardiovascular continuum, the latest insights in molecular and cellular biology, and their implications for clinical practice, with a focus on new methods of therapeutic approaches for correcting endothelial dysfunction.Основные положения. Статья представляет собой обзор актуальных литературных данных, посвященных изучению диагностической роли биомаркеров эндотелиальной дисфункции. В обзоре освещены характеристики основных показателей, их значение при различной патологии, а также представлены возможные терапевтические стратегии предотвращения эндотелиальной дисфункции.Резюме. Эндотелиальная дисфункция является характерной чертой каждого этапа сердечно-сосудистого континуума – ряда событий от гипертонии до развития атеросклероза и ишемической болезни сердца, образования тромбов, инфаркта миокарда и сердечной недостаточности. В связи с выдающейся ролью эндотелиальной дисфункции в патогенезе многих сосудистых заболеваний, она представляет собой значимую терапевтическую мишень. Важно отметить, что циркулирующие биомаркеры активации и повреждения эндотелия характеризуют тяжесть заболевания и могут быть использованы для оценки эффективности лечения и последующего прогноза. Цель данного обзора – представить современные данные о функции эндотелия, ее клинической значимости в сердечно-сосудистом континууме, последних достижениях молекулярной и клеточной биологии и их значении для клинической практики с акцентом на новых методах терапевтической коррекции эндотелиальной дисфункции

ДИПЛОИДНЫЕ ГИБРИДЫ МЕЖДУ ДИКИМ АЛЛОТЕТРАПЛОИДНЫМ ВИДОМ КАРТОФЕЛЯ SOLANUM STOLONIFERUM SCHLDTL. & BOUCHET И ДИПЛОИДНЫМИ КЛОНАМИ КУЛЬТУРНОГО КАРТОФЕЛЯ S. TUBEROSUM L., ИМЕЮЩИЕ ГЕНОМ В ДИКОГО ВИДА

We were the first who demonstrated the possibility to produce diploid hybrids (along with triploid ones) while pollinating some wild allotetraploid potato species with the pollen of S. tuberosum diploid clones. It was determined that these hybrids only retained one of the genomes of wild species (genome A). Here, we present the results of revealing diploid interspecific hybrids having genome B of wild species. There were selected four hybrids producing the viable pollen among 235 hybrids between valuable for breeding accessions of S. stoloniferum and fertile diploid clone of S. tuberosum. The analysis of meiosis in pollen mother cells showed that they had 24chromosomes. The DNA marker SolB of genome B of wild species was detected in diploid hybrids, as well as in parental clones of S. stoloniferum and triploid interspecific hybrids. The diploid hybrids inherited the typical for wild species markers RYSC 3 and Yes3-3A of Y-virus resistance genes, as well as the markers of late blight resistance genes R1 and R3b. Two of the diploid hybrids inherited markers of late blight resistance gene Rpi-sto1 presented in parental clones of the wild species lossless. The marker 517/1519 of this gene was not detected in one diploid hybrid and both markers (517/1519 and 1521/518) − in another one. Production of the hybrids with genome B makes the version on a possible mechanism of their formation through the selective elimination of one of the genomes of wild species in ontogenesis of initially triploid interspecific hybrids to be priority. Среди гибридов между дикими тетраплоидными видами картофеля и диплоидными клонами S. tuberosum наряду с ожидаемыми триплоидными гибридами встречаются диплоидные гибриды. Ранее нами было показано, что у них сохраняется только один из геномов дикого вида (геном А). В сообщении впервые представлены результаты выявления диплоидных межвидовых гибридов, несущих геном В дикого вида. Среди 235 сеянцев гибридов от скрещивания ценных для селекции образцов S. stoloniferum и фертильного диплоидного клона S. tuberosum отобраны четыре гибрида, формирующих жизнеспособную пыльцу. Анализ мейоза в материнских клетках пыльцы показал наличие у них 24 хромосом. У всех диплоидных гибридов, как и у родительских клонов S. stoloniferum и триплоидных гибридов выявлен ДНК маркер генома В SolB. Все диплоидные гибриды наследовали характерные для дикого вида маркеры генов устойчивости к Y-вирусу картофеля RYSC 3 и Yes3-3A, а также маркеры генов устойчивости к фитофторозу R1 и R3b. Два гибрида без потерь наследовали маркеры гена устойчивости к фитофторозу Rpi-sto1, представленные у родительских клонов дикого вида. У одного диплоидного гибрида не детектировался маркер 517/1519, а у одного гибрида произошла утрата обоих маркеров (517/1519 и 1521/518). Получение гибридов с геномом В делает приоритетной версию о возможном механизме их формирования за счет избирательной элиминации одного из геномов дикого вида в процессе развития изначально триплоидных межвидовых гибридов.