ASSESSMENT OF THE ECOGEOCHEMICAL STATUS OF THE RIVERS FLOWING THROUGH THE TERRITORY OF THE DENEZHKIN KAMEN RESERVE

The assessment of the ecogeochemical status of rivers makes it possible to assess the quality of water resources. The purpose of the work: to identify the peculiarities of the distribution of trace elements in the waters of rivers flowing through the territory of the Denezhkin Kamen Nature Reserve

Определение фоновых изотопных отношений биодоступного стронция для рудника бронзового века новотемирский

To assess the mobility and provenance of ancient populations, it is necessary to compare their 87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratios with the local bioavailable strontium baseline (background), characteristic of each specific location or potential provenance region of an individual or artifact. Its definition requires a comprehensive approach to the analysis of heterogeneous samples («proxies») characterizing the ecosystem of the archaeological site under study, the identification of the most suitable proxies, as well as the unification and standardization of the sampling and analytic protocols. A pilot study is presented devoted the definition of the local range of bioavailable strontium by the example of the Novotemirskiy Bronze Age mine (Southern Urals). 87Sr/86Sr isotope ratios were determined in surface and underground water, bedrock (serpentinite), clay from the mine wall, and steppe polecat’s bone, as well as in grass and a bivalve shell from the lake. The lowest range of strontium isotope ratios relative to each other is characteristic of surface and groundwater, shell and grass, which allows them to be used to determine the combined baseline of bioavailable strontium. Multi-proxy (surface and underground water, grass and a bivalve shell) local bioavailable strontium baseline for the Novotemirskiy ancient mine (Southern Urals) is 0,7096 ± 0,0003 (2σ, n = 5). © 2021 Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Archaeology. All rights reserved.Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке РНФ, проект No 20-18-00402 «Миграции человеческих коллективов и индивидуальная мобильность в рамках мультидисциплинарного анализа археологической информации (бронзовый век Южного Урала)», в ЮУрГУ (НИУ) (Д. В. Киселева – геохимическая интерпретация, П. С. Анкушева – археологическая документация и аналитика; Т. Г. Окунева, А. В. Касьянова – измерения проб и стандартных образцов; Е. С. Шагалов, М. Н. Анкушев – отбор проб и геологическая характеристика)

The first experience of combined treatment of patients with diabetic macular edema and complicated cataract

Diabetic cataracts in combination with diabetic macular edema (DME) is a leading cause of vision loss i n patients with diabetes mellitus.Purpose. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of one-stage combined treatment of patients with diabetes complicated by DME and cat aract.Material and methods. This study involved 16 patients with diabetes of the type 2 (32 eyes). The main group included 16 eyes with complicated cataracts, who underwent the simultaneously performed phacoemulsification of cataract (FEC) with IOL implantation and intravitreal implantation of the «Ozurdex» implant. The second (retrospective control) group included 16 fellow eyes, where a standard FEC with IOL implantation was performed.Results. Six months after the treatment, the main group showed a BCVA stabilization at a level 0.25±0.12 (0.1-0.4). In the  retrospective group, the BCVA decreased and reached a baseline level 0.1±0.05 (0.05-0.2), in 5 patients the BCVA became below the baseline values. In all cases in the main group, a partial resorption of «solid» exudates was observed in the macular area. Edema of the retina decreased by 102-275 microns in comparison with preoperative indicators, the average retinal thickness was 385±58 microns in fovea area. Diffuse macular edema with a deposition of «solid» exudates remained in the retrospective control group, all patients had an increase in the amount of intra-etinal hemorrhages. In 5 patients, not only an increase in the number of «solid» exudates was revealed in the dynamics, but also their spread to the fovea region, in 3 cases the exudation foci acquired the form of hyper-reflective layers. The increase in the edema height occurred in all cases by 74-144 microns, index of average retinal thickness was 598±76 microns. In 7 cases, the dynamics showed an increase in flat subfoveal detachments of the neurosensory retina.Conclusions. The complex effect of the OzurDex drug in the combined treatment of diabetic cataracts in combination with DME reduces a risk of inflammatory complications in the early postoperative period, and also provides a reduction in the height of edema and partial resorption of «solid» exudates

Fungal endophthalmitis

The article presents a clinical case of fungal endophthalmitis, the causative agent of which was Paecilomyces lilacinum. Patient M., female, 1947 year of birth was operated on for complicated cataract of the right eye. Two weeks later, she complained of decreased vision. A local anti-inflammatory therapy of the exudative reaction in the anterior chamber was carried out, therefore an improvement was achieved. Two weeks later, the patient again complained of visual impairment. Лечение было продолжено со сменой фунгицидных средств, обладающих большим Systemic and local anti-inflammatory and antibacterial therapy of exudative uveitis with the course of fluconazole for 15 days was carried out. Extended clinical and laboratory studies did not reveal any chronic inflammatory and immune diseases in the female patient. In connection with the further progression of the process, vitrectomy was performed with the removal of IOL and washing of the vitreous cavity with a solution of vancomycin. The achieved stabilization lasted short. There were appeared signs indicating a fungal etiology of the inflammatory process. Taking into account the previous long-term antibiotic therapy, yeast contamination was suggested. Despite the active treatment, there was a further deterioration of the eye. No pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microflora growth was revealed as a result of seeding. Confocal microscopy revealed a filamentous structure of the mycelium in the thickness of the corneal stroma, which indicated infection with mold, not yeast fungi. Treatment was continued with a change of fungicidal agents with a large spectrum of action, as well as a silicone oil tamponade. The obtained culture was aimed at identification of the species and determination of sensitivity to fungicides in the medical scientific and practical center for tuberculosis control, Moscow. Cultural studies identified pathogenic microflora – Paecilomyces lilacinum, sensitive to ketoconazole. In connection with the spread of infection to the periorbital tissues, with the subsequent probability of systemic damage, an emergency enucleation of the eyeball was decided. This example indicates the need for increased alertness for fungal infection in cases of atypical flow of intraocular inflammation, the search for methods for early detection of the pathogen

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY OF HEAVY METALS AND METALLOIDS IN THE WATER-SOLUBLE SOIL FRACTION (ORENBURG REGION)

The study is devoted to the investigation of distribution of heavy metals and metalloids (HMM) in the water-soluble soil fraction of soil samples collected over the territory of the Orenburg Region. HMM are analyzed by ICP-MS, and their environmental-geochemical indices are calculated and discussed.Работа выполнена в ЦКП УрО РАН «Геоаналитик» в рамках темы № 123011800012-9 государственного задания ИГГ УрО РАН

87Sr/86Sr ISOTOPE RATIOS IN THE RIVER WATERS OF THE SOUTHERN URALS

87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratios are widely used to identify strontium sources and study strontium behaviour in (bio)geochemical cycles. 87Sr/86Sr in surface waters can reflect the average composition of bioavailable (i.e. available for further absorption by plants and animals) strontium in the catchment specific area. Based on those 87Sr/86Sr ratios, the regional maps of the bioavailable strontium distribution (strontium isoscapes) can be compiled. A complex block structure characterizes the Ural mountain system. Individual parts (blocks) are composed of rocks of various ages, genesis and geochemical characteristics, which can radically change at a distance of several tens of kilometres. Such variability would be reflected in strontium isotopic ratios, thus making it possible to determine the local isotopic signatures of bioavailable strontium. This work aimed to study 87Sr/86Sr in the water in the rivers of the Southern Urals. We determined the contents and isotopic ratios of strontium in river water samples collected from the territories of the Orenburg and Chelyabinsk regions and the Republic of Bashkortostan in 2019-2020. For the first time in the surface water of the rivers in the Southern Urals (Ural, Belaya, Tobol, Karagaily-Ayat, Sim, and others), the 87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratios have been determined, and their variations have been analyzed. 87Sr/86Sr values vary in the range 0.70666-0.71063 (average 0.70908) for the rivers of the Urals basin, 0.70749-0.71058 (average 0.70924) for the Kama-Volga basin, 0.70946-0.71176 (average 0.71071) for the Tobol basin. Such features of the strontium isotopic composition may be due to the influence of underlying rocks of the catchment area drained by river water. The data obtained can be used to identify the sources of strontium input into the water system during hydrological and environmental studies; to confirm the authenticity of food products of plant and animal origin; to carry out comparisons in the studies of the migration of ancient people and animals, as well as to determine the raw material areas for the production of vegetable and woollen textiles and wooden products in antiquity. © 2022 Institute of the Earth's Crust. All rights reserved.Russian Foundation for Basic Research, РФФИ: 20-09-00194; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Minobrnauka: 075-15-2021-680The study is supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project 20-09-00194) and performed within the state task of the IGG UB RAS АААА-А18-118053090045-8 at the "Geoanalitik" shared research facilities of the IGG UB RAS. The re-equipment and comprehensive development of the "Geoanalitik" shared research facilities of the IGG UB RAS is financially supported by the grant of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Agreement 075-15-2021-680).FUNDING: The study is supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project 20-09-00194) and performedwithin the state task of the IGG UB RAS АААА-А 猃稁猃猃稃爃眃甃爃? 爃爃瘃省稀 at the 㘀Geoana?itik 㘀 shared research faci?ities of the IGG UB RAS. The re-equipment and comprehensive deve?opment of the 㘀Geoana?itik 㘀 shared research faci?ities of the IGG UB RAS is 퀀inancia??y supported by the grant of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Agreement 075-15-2021-680)

THE ANALYSIS OF ELEMENTAL AND 87Sr/86Sr ISOTOPIC COMPOSITON FOR THE AUTHENTICATION AND DETERMINATION OF THE GEOGRAPHICAL ORIGIN OF RUSSIAN WINES

The study is devoted to the development of the analytical methodology for elemental and Sr isotopic composition by Q-ICP-MS and MC-ICP-MS of wines in order to their further authentication and determination of the geographical origin by the example of Russian wines.Работа выполнена в ЦКП УрО РАН «Геоаналитик» в рамках темы № 123011800012-9 государственного задания ИГГ УрО РАН

INFORMATIVE CAPACITY OF THE SARGAT CULTURE’S DISTURBED BURIALS: KURGAN NOVOPOKROVKA 16 IN THE MIDDLE IRTYSH RIVER BASIN 1

The article deals with a complex study of the materials obtained during archaeological excavation of the kurgan Novopokrovka 16 in the middle Irtysh river basin (Omsk region). The site, which is attributed to the Sargat culture (5th century BC – second half of the 3rd centuryAD), was located farmost on the right bank of the river Irtysh, nearby the group of “Princely kurgans”. Despite almost total disturbance by robbers and agricultural activity, common scholars’ efforts demonstrate high informative capacity of the multidisciplinary approach, while modern level of undertaken research is not just being declared but enables to reconstruct seemingly lost information. The kurgan erection stages and mound structure features have been decoded using the results of a geophysical survey and soil morphology data. The paleoanthropological study of the incomplete skeletal remains does not support multiple or inlet interment inside the central grave, and provides sexing and aging of the buried individuals as well as some paleopathological observations. Apart from species examination, archaeozoological data testify that a warm period from spring to early autumn was the season of animal slaughter. Characteristics of mortuary rituals and direction of intercultural contacts of the ancient forest-steppe groups have been completed by new details based on the results of strontium isotope analyses (dental enamel of humans and animals) and evidence non-local origin of the individual buried under the excavated kurgan, what is different from local origin of horses butchered for funereal feasts. The proposed hypothesis supports previously suggested archaeological, paleoanthropological and paleogenetic facts on the origin of the forest-steppe population, indicating an involvement of various population groups with notable external components. Based on the archaeological materials, the kurgan under study might be dated back to mid-4th – 3rd centuries BC. © 2023 The Author(s).Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Minobrnauka: 075-15-2021-680The article was prepared in the framework of the state orders No. 121102500121-8, 123011800012-9, 1021061810416-7, АААА-А19-119013090163-2, RFBR grant No. 21-59-23003. Sr isotopic analyses were obtained in the Geoanalitik shared research facilities of the IGG UB RAS, whose re-equipment and comprehensive development is supported by a grant of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Agreement No. 075-15-2021-680)

Primary Cosmic Rays Energy Spectrum and Mean Mass Composition by the Data of the TAIGA Astrophysical Complex

The corrected dependence of the mean depth of the EAS maximum $X_{max}$ on the energy was obtained from the data of the Tunka-133 array for 7 years and the TAIGA-HiSCORE array for 2 year. The parameter $\langle\ln A\rangle$, characterizing the mean mass compositon was derived from these results. The differential energy spectrum of primary cosmic rays in the energy range of $2\cdot 10^{14}$ - $2\cdot 10^{16}$\,eV was reconstructed using the new parameter $Q_{100}$ the Cherenkov light flux at the core distance 100 m.}Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, Submitted to SciPost Phys.Pro