The role of background knowledge in building the translating/interpreting competence of the linguist

Background/Objectives: The paper deals with the role of background knowledge in building the translating/interpreting competence of the students majoring in Linguistics. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The analysis is based on the research into the phenomenon of background knowledge acquisition in Russian and international linguistic theory and practice. The leading approach used by the authors is observation and classification of the investigated material as well as interviewing, collecting, analyzing and synthesizing the data, received via interview and survey. Findings: Based on the research and empirical findings, the authors mark two mail problems: 1) The relationship of background knowledge of the linguist with the source language and culture of the author, written or oral information in understanding and interpretation of the text into the target language; 2) Lack of attention to background knowledge in teaching methodology of translation/interpretation in academic major of linguistics. To grant well-grounded conclusions the survey of background knowledge standard of 70 senior undergraduates is provided in the article. The authors come to the conclusion that background knowledge is crucial for will-be translators/interpreters and provide recommendations to improve the academic background knowledge acquisition process for the sake of better understanding between communication agents. Application/Improvements: The materials of the research may be applied worldwide by university staff, educators and researchers who are involved in professional linguistic research and training

Adiposity, metabolic syndrome and endocannabioid system, use prospects sensitizer c b 1 receptors in the solution of a problem (The literature review)

Epidemic character of distribution of adiposity, weight of a current connected with it of diseases and absence of notable successes in the decision of this problem induce to search of new effective and safe means of a reduction of weight of a body. In the literature review are is short stated a role endocannabioid systems in development of adiposity and a theoretical substantiation of use cannabioid CB1-receptors sensitizer.Эпидемический характер распространения ожирения, тяжесть течения ассоциированных с ним заболеваний и отсутствие ощутимых успехов в решении этой проблемы побуждают к поиску новых эффективных и безопасных средств редукции массы тела. В обзоре литературы кратко изложены роль эндоканнабиоидной системы в развитии ожирения и теоретическое обоснование использования сенситизатора каннабиоидных СВ1-рецепторов

The role of background knowledge in building the translating/interpreting competence of the linguist

Background/Objectives: The paper deals with the role of background knowledge in building the translating/interpreting competence of the students majoring in Linguistics. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The analysis is based on the research into the phenomenon of background knowledge acquisition in Russian and international linguistic theory and practice. The leading approach used by the authors is observation and classification of the investigated material as well as interviewing, collecting, analyzing and synthesizing the data, received via interview and survey. Findings: Based on the research and empirical findings, the authors mark two mail problems: 1) The relationship of background knowledge of the linguist with the source language and culture of the author, written or oral information in understanding and interpretation of the text into the target language; 2) Lack of attention to background knowledge in teaching methodology of translation/interpretation in academic major of linguistics. To grant well-grounded conclusions the survey of background knowledge standard of 70 senior undergraduates is provided in the article. The authors come to the conclusion that background knowledge is crucial for will-be translators/interpreters and provide recommendations to improve the academic background knowledge acquisition process for the sake of better understanding between communication agents. Application/Improvements: The materials of the research may be applied worldwide by university staff, educators and researchers who are involved in professional linguistic research and training

Lisette : journal des petites filles

03 octobre 19541954/10/03 (A34,N40)

Gifted education in the Republic of Tatarstan: New challenges and innovative decisions

© the author(s). The issues discussed in the paper are urgent as the Republic of Tatarstan (the RT), situated in the Volga Region of the Russian Federation, places a great emphasis on the correct identification and education of its gifted and talented (G/T) children and youth. Having achieved a considerable success in the field the RT, however, still faces a number of challenges for successful implementation of the decisions made on municipal, republican and federal levels. The aim of the research is to collect and analyze the main issues to tackle and challenges to meet in order to improve the work with G/T learners in the Republic of Tatarstan and about. The leading approach used by the authors was the descriptive method for observation and classification of the investigated material as well as interviewing, collecting, analyzing and synthesizing the data, received via interviews and questionnaire to summarize the general state of the G/T education in the Republic of Tatarstan. Thus the authors managed to define the main problems in the organization and implementation of work with gifted children in educational institutions of the Republic of Tatarstan; to interpret the results of a monitoring research on the quality of services in the field of education and to outline the possible fast track for boosting the system of identification and teaching the G/T students in the Republic of Tatarstan. The paper might be of interest for municipal, republican and national, public and independent institutions and organizations and individuals involved in nurturing the unique abilities and needs of a most valuable human resource of a country - the gifted and talented children and youth

The role of background knowledge in building the translating/interpreting competence of the linguist

Background/Objectives: The paper deals with the role of background knowledge in building the translating/interpreting competence of the students majoring in Linguistics. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The analysis is based on the research into the phenomenon of background knowledge acquisition in Russian and international linguistic theory and practice. The leading approach used by the authors is observation and classification of the investigated material as well as interviewing, collecting, analyzing and synthesizing the data, received via interview and survey. Findings: Based on the research and empirical findings, the authors mark two mail problems: 1) The relationship of background knowledge of the linguist with the source language and culture of the author, written or oral information in understanding and interpretation of the text into the target language; 2) Lack of attention to background knowledge in teaching methodology of translation/interpretation in academic major of linguistics. To grant well-grounded conclusions the survey of background knowledge standard of 70 senior undergraduates is provided in the article. The authors come to the conclusion that background knowledge is crucial for will-be translators/interpreters and provide recommendations to improve the academic background knowledge acquisition process for the sake of better understanding between communication agents. Application/Improvements: The materials of the research may be applied worldwide by university staff, educators and researchers who are involved in professional linguistic research and training

Gifted education in the Republic of Tatarstan: New challenges and innovative decisions

© the author(s). The issues discussed in the paper are urgent as the Republic of Tatarstan (the RT), situated in the Volga Region of the Russian Federation, places a great emphasis on the correct identification and education of its gifted and talented (G/T) children and youth. Having achieved a considerable success in the field the RT, however, still faces a number of challenges for successful implementation of the decisions made on municipal, republican and federal levels. The aim of the research is to collect and analyze the main issues to tackle and challenges to meet in order to improve the work with G/T learners in the Republic of Tatarstan and about. The leading approach used by the authors was the descriptive method for observation and classification of the investigated material as well as interviewing, collecting, analyzing and synthesizing the data, received via interviews and questionnaire to summarize the general state of the G/T education in the Republic of Tatarstan. Thus the authors managed to define the main problems in the organization and implementation of work with gifted children in educational institutions of the Republic of Tatarstan; to interpret the results of a monitoring research on the quality of services in the field of education and to outline the possible fast track for boosting the system of identification and teaching the G/T students in the Republic of Tatarstan. The paper might be of interest for municipal, republican and national, public and independent institutions and organizations and individuals involved in nurturing the unique abilities and needs of a most valuable human resource of a country - the gifted and talented children and youth

Comprehension of the English National Character in Building Professional Linguistic Culture

© 2019 Diana Rustamovna Sabirova et al. The article discusses the integrative competence-based cultural approach to studying the complex and multifaceted world of the culture of the target language through comprehension of the English national character reflected in arts as a way to personal development, interdisciplinary professional mobility and professional culture of the student majoring in Linguistics. The English national character is revealed through its artistic understanding in such most 'English' genres as portrait, landscape and caricature, as well as in the perpendicular architectural style and features of landscape architecture. The authors have designated the content-semantic blocks of Linguistics and Culture Study courses to demonstrate the students who specialize in translation and interpretation the traditions reflected in the national character through the prism of art, thus revealing the semantics of the concept of the national character. The image of the English national character as constructed by English art is analyzed. Its main features are revealed: conservatism, patriotism, snobbery, respect of law and privacy, tolerance, politeness, practicality and rationality, conventionalism, eccentricity and sense of humor, contradiction and sometimes paradox. Interactive technologies that ensure the assimilation of educational material aimed at promoting national, ethnic and religious tolerance, respect of the values of a different culture, focus on cross-cultural communication, inculturation and socialization of the individual are presented in the article

Comprehension of the English National Character in Building Professional Linguistic Culture

© 2019 Diana Rustamovna Sabirova et al. The article discusses the integrative competence-based cultural approach to studying the complex and multifaceted world of the culture of the target language through comprehension of the English national character reflected in arts as a way to personal development, interdisciplinary professional mobility and professional culture of the student majoring in Linguistics. The English national character is revealed through its artistic understanding in such most 'English' genres as portrait, landscape and caricature, as well as in the perpendicular architectural style and features of landscape architecture. The authors have designated the content-semantic blocks of Linguistics and Culture Study courses to demonstrate the students who specialize in translation and interpretation the traditions reflected in the national character through the prism of art, thus revealing the semantics of the concept of the national character. The image of the English national character as constructed by English art is analyzed. Its main features are revealed: conservatism, patriotism, snobbery, respect of law and privacy, tolerance, politeness, practicality and rationality, conventionalism, eccentricity and sense of humor, contradiction and sometimes paradox. Interactive technologies that ensure the assimilation of educational material aimed at promoting national, ethnic and religious tolerance, respect of the values of a different culture, focus on cross-cultural communication, inculturation and socialization of the individual are presented in the article

The criteria for determining "the native Russian speaker's level" in the language testing system for migrants

The term "native speaker" is now widely used in the world testing practice. It is declared as a particular starting point in the evaluation of language proficiency level in the most widely spread testing systems (TRFL, OPI, SOLOM, STAMP, etc). At the same time, researchers mention ambiguity, vagueness and uncertainty of this concept. There is neither a generally accepted definition, nor reliable methodically grounded criteria for determining this level. It is not clear whether the status of a native speaker is a person's "biographical" or "competence-based" characteristic. There are no studies devoted to the identification, research and systemization of criteria for determining a "native speaker's" level of the Russian language proficiency. At the same time, the solution of these problems in the Russian testing practice is both scientifically and practically important. The state system of standards for Russian as a foreign language remains incomplete due to the lack of linguo-didactic description of mastering the Russian language at level 4, which is equivalent to a native speaker of Russian, the bearer of the Russian language culture. There is no reliable basis for assigning the status of a native speaker to people who are entitled to a fast track procedure for obtaining the Russian citizenship according to the Russian legislation. The study of the real discursive activity of native and non-native speakers of Russian and the comparative analysis of their communicative competence, demonstrated by the groups of test takers who were involved in the experiment, allowed the authors to identify the distinctive features of the highest level of the Russian language proficiency and to propose a system of criteria for determining it