132 research outputs found
Implications of Cannabis Use and Heavy Alcohol Use on HIV Drug Risk Behaviors in Russian Heroin Users
Cannabis and heavy alcohol use potentially increase HIV transmission by increasing risky drug behaviors. We studied 404 subjects entering treatment for heroin dependence, in St. Petersburg, Russia. We used the HIV Risk Assessment Battery (RAB) drug subscale to measure risky drug behavior. Although all heavy alcohol users had risky drug behaviors, their drug RAB scores did not differ from non-heavy alcohol users in unadjusted or adjusted analyses. Cannabis use was significantly associated with drug RAB scores in unadjusted analyses (mean difference 1.7Β points) and analyses adjusted for age, sex, and employment (mean difference 1.3Β points). When also adjusting for stimulant use, the impact of cannabis use was attenuated and no longer statistically significant (mean difference 1.1Β points). Because of the central role of risky drug behaviors in the Russian HIV epidemic, it is important to understand how the use of multiple substances, including cannabis and alcohol, impacts risky drug behaviors
Feasibility and initial efficacy of a culturally sensitive women-centered substance use intervention in Georgia: Sex risk outcomes
This paper reports on the feasibility and initial efficacy of a culturally sensitive, comprehensive women-centered substance use intervention for women who inject drugs in Georgia in terms of the primary and secondary sex risk outcomes. The hypothesis under examination was that, relative to case management participants, participants in a culturally sensitive, comprehensive women-specific and -centered intervention would, on average, show significant decreases in past-30-day frequency of unprotected sex, unprotected sex at the last sexual encounter, and increases in condom use and safer sex actions. The study was a two-arm randomized trial, in which 173 potentially eligible women were screened, and those 128 women determined to be eligible were assigned at random to either Reinforcement-based Treatment plus Womenβs Co-Op (RBTβ+βWC) or case management (CM). RBTβ+βWC participants received 12 sessions of a structured intervention with the goal of reducing risky sex and substance use and improving physical and mental health. CM participants received 12 sessions of case management and informational brochures that focused on the same issues on which RBTβ+βWC focused. Participants were assessed at baseline, post-treatment, and 3 months following treatment enrollment. Analyses revealed case management having significantly overall higher Safer Sex action scores than RBTβ+βWC, and a significant decrease over time for past 30-day number of unprotected sex acts. Unprotected sex at the last encounter and Condom Use action scores were nonsignificant. Women who inject drugs in Georgia are engaging in risky sexual practices, and are in need of an intervention that addresses these risky behaviors. Reasons for the failure to find differences between a culturally sensitive, comprehensive women-centered intervention and case management tailored to the needs of women who inject drugs in Georgia may have been the result of inadequate power to detect an effect in a sample whose drug use was not as serious as warranted by the intervention. (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01331460)https://doi.org/10.1186/s13011-015-0043-
Π ΠΠ¦ΠΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠΠ€ΠΠΠΠΠ D2 (DRD2) ΠΠΠΠ€ΠΠ¦ΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠΠ ΠΠ€ΠΠ ΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ‘ΠΠ₯ΠΠ’ΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ Π’ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ
Introduction. Despite the evolution of antipsychotic drugs, the problem of the therapy effectiveness and safety of schizophrenia spectrum disorders and comorbid conditions is very acute. The dopamine receptor D2 gene (DRD2) is one of the keyΒ targets of modern pharmacogenetic studies of mental disorders.The objective of the study was to analyze the DRD2 mRNA level in peripheral blood lymphocytes and to identify geneticΒ variations of β141Π‘ Ins/Del as potential biomarkers for antipsychotic therapy prognosis.Methods and materials. The study included 112 patients with mental disorders: 61 β with a diagnosis of schizophreniaΒ spectrum disorder, 51 β with a comorbid disease course with alcohol dependence syndrome, and 112 people as a controlΒ group. Psychometric evaluation was carried out using PANSS scale. The material was peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs).Β The DRD2 mRNA level was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction with TaqMan probe. Genotyping β141Π‘Β Ins/Del was performed by the restriction fragment length polymorphism assay.Results. β141C Ins/Del DRD2 genetic variations are not associated with a risk of mental disorder development, andΒ they did not affect the DRD2 mRNA level in PBLs. There were no significant differences in the gene expression of DRD2 inΒ the control group and patients (p=0.194). Despite the improvement of the mental state in all patients included in the study,Β the studied DRD2 parameters did not affect either the mental disorder symptoms or the normalization of the patient statusΒ against the background of antipsychotic therapy. Ins/Ins genetic variation of β141C Ins/Del was significantly associatedΒ with an increase weight gain of more than 7 % on the 28th day of antipsychotic therapy.Conclusion. Ins/Ins genetic variation of β141C Ins/Del can be considered as a biomarker for the prognosis of antipsychotic-induced weight gain.Β ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
Ρ Π½ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎ. ΠΠ΅Π½ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ°Β Π΄ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° Π2 (DRD2) β ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈΠ· ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΈ.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ β ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·Π° Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊ Π³Π΅Π½Π° DRD2 Π² Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ (ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ ΠΠ ΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Β Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΠΎΠ² β141Π‘ Ins/Del).ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ. Π ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ 112 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ: 61 β Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌΒ Β«Π Π°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Β», 51 β Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠ° Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ 112 Π»ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ. ΠΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°Β ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°Π»Ρ PANSS. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ (ΠΠΠ). Π£ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ ΠΠ Π³Π΅Π½Π°Β DRD2 ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ¦Π Π² ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΄Π° TaqMan. ΠΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ β141Π‘ Ins/Del β ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ° Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ².Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΡ β141Π‘ Ins/Del DRD2 Π½Π΅ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Β ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ ΠΠ Π³Π΅Π½Π° DRD2 Π² ΠΠΠ. ΠΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ Π³Π΅Π½Π° DRD2 Ρ Π»ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΒ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ°Π»Π°ΡΡ (Ρ=0,194). ΠΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ DRD2 Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π½ΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Β ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ, Π½ΠΈ Π½Π° Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΒ Ins/Ins β141Π‘ Ins/Del ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 7 % Π½Π° 28-ΠΉ Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ.ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ Ins/Ins β141Π‘ Ins/Del ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·Π°Β Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠΈΠΊ-ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π°.
Comparing sexual risks and patterns of alcohol and drug use between injection drug users (IDUs) and non-IDUs who report sexual partnerships with IDUs in St. Petersburg, Russia
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>To date, the great majority of Russian HIV infections have been diagnosed among IDUs and concerns about the potential for a sexual transmission of HIV beyond the IDU population have increased. This study investigated differences in the prevalence of sexual risk behaviors between IDUs and non-IDUs in St. Petersburg, Russia and assessed associations between substance use patterns and sexual risks within and between those two groups.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Cross-sectional survey data and biological test results from 331 IDUs and 65 non-IDUs who have IDU sex partners were analyzed. Multivariate regression was employed to calculate measures of associations.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>IDUs were less likely than non-IDUs to report multiple sexual partners and unprotected sex with casual partners. The quantity, frequency and intensity of alcohol use did not differ between IDUs and non-IDUs, but non-IDUs were more likely to engage in alcohol use categorized as risky per the alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT-C). Risky sexual practices were independently associated with monthly methamphetamine injection among IDUs and with risky alcohol use among non-IDUs. Having sex when high on alcohol or drugs was associated with unprotected sex only among IDUs.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Greater prevalence of sexual risk among non-IDUs who have IDU sex partners compared to IDUs suggests the potential for sexual transmission of HIV from the high-prevalence IDU population into the general population. HIV prevention programs among IDUs in St. Petersburg owe special attention to risky alcohol use among non-IDUs who have IDU sex partners and the propensity of IDUs to have sex when high on alcohol or drugs and forgo condoms.</p
A proof-of-concept investigation into ketamine as a pharmacological treatment for alcohol dependence: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Stress-Induced Reinstatement of Drug Seeking: 20 Years of Progress
In human addicts, drug relapse and craving are often provoked by stress. Since 1995, this clinical scenario has been studied using a rat model of stress-induced reinstatement of drug seeking. Here, we first discuss the generality of stress-induced reinstatement to different drugs of abuse, different stressors, and different behavioral procedures. We also discuss neuropharmacological mechanisms, and brain areas and circuits controlling stress-induced reinstatement of drug seeking. We conclude by discussing results from translational human laboratory studies and clinical trials that were inspired by results from rat studies on stress-induced reinstatement. Our main conclusions are (1) The phenomenon of stress-induced reinstatement, first shown with an intermittent footshock stressor in rats trained to self-administer heroin, generalizes to other abused drugs, including cocaine, methamphetamine, nicotine, and alcohol, and is also observed in the conditioned place preference model in rats and mice. This phenomenon, however, is stressor specific and not all stressors induce reinstatement of drug seeking. (2) Neuropharmacological studies indicate the involvement of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), noradrenaline, dopamine, glutamate, kappa/dynorphin, and several other peptide and neurotransmitter systems in stress-induced reinstatement. Neuropharmacology and circuitry studies indicate the involvement of CRF and noradrenaline transmission in bed nucleus of stria terminalis and central amygdala, and dopamine, CRF, kappa/dynorphin, and glutamate transmission in other components of the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system (ventral tegmental area, medial prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and nucleus accumbens). (3) Translational human laboratory studies and a recent clinical trial study show the efficacy of alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonists in decreasing stress-induced drug craving and stress-induced initial heroin lapse
ΠΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ° Π΄ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° DRD1 (ΠΌΠ ΠΠ, Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΊ) Π² Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ· Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ
Introduction. There is a problem in predicting the efficacy and safety of antipsychotic therapy. Dopamine receptor D1 is one of the targets of antipsychotics. Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) are the research object of neurotransmission receptors.The objective was to study DRD1 gene expression (mRNA, protein level) in PBL as a possible biomarker of olanzapine and haloperidol therapy prognosis.Methods and Materials. Sample: 106 patients diagnosed with schizophrenic spectrum disorder. Study design: prospective longitudinal follow-up with drug administration by randomization. Assessment of mental status and development of Parkinsonism: Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Simpson-Agnus Scale (SAS), respectively. PBL was study material. DRD1 mRNA level was determined by real-time PCR. DRD1 protein concentration in PBL was measured by enzyme immunoassay.Results. Haloperidol (but not olanzapine) treatment for 28 days, leads to DRD1 protein concentration decrease in PBL in a manner dependent on its initial level. DRD1 mRNA level in PBL remained unchanged during the treatment. Patients with effective therapy by olanzapine had lower DRD1 mRNA levels. Side effects of the therapy (Parkinsonism, weight gain) were not associated with studied DRD1 parameters.Conclusions. Haloperidol treatment leads to a decrease of DRD1 protein concentration in PBL, which depends on the initial protein level. Effective olanzapine therapy is associated with reduced DRD1 mRNA level in PBL before the treatment.Β ΠΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π‘ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·Π° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π° ΠΈΠ· ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
β ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡ Π΄ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Π° D1. ΠΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ (ΠΠΠ) β ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΈ.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ β ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½Π° DRD1 (ΠΌΠ ΠΠ, Π±Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΊ) Π² ΠΠΠ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ»Π°Π½Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π³Π°Π»ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΌ.ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ. ΠΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ°: 106 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ Β«Π Π°ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Β». ΠΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΉΠ½ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ: ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π»ΠΎΠ½Π³ΠΈΡΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°: ΡΠΊΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² (PANSS) ΠΈ Π‘ΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΠ³Π½ΡΡΠ° (SAS). ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π» ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ β ΠΠΠ. Π£ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ ΠΠ Π³Π΅Π½Π° DRD1 ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° DRD1 Π² ΠΠΠ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΡΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Π³Π°Π»ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ»Π° (Π½ΠΎ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ»Π°Π½Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΠ½Π°) Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 28 Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° DRD1 Π² ΠΠΠ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°Π»Π°ΡΡ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΡ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ. Π£ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ ΠΠ Π³Π΅Π½Π° DRD1 Π² ΠΠΠ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π°Π»ΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΡ Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ»Π°Π½Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ ΠΌΠ ΠΠ DRD1. ΠΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ (ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌ, Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ Π²Π΅ΡΠ°) Π½Π΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΠΌΠΈ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ DRD1.ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π°Π»ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ»Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° DRD1 Π² ΠΠΠ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ°. ΠΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ»Π°Π½Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Π΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ ΠΠ DRD1 Π² ΠΠΠ Π΄ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π° Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ.
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