Anyons and the Bose-Fermi duality in the finite-temperature Thirring model

Solutions to the Thirring model are constructed in the framework of algebraic QFT. It is shown that for all positive temperatures there are fermionic solutions only if the coupling constant is $\lambda=\sqrt{2(2n+1)\pi}, n\in {\bf N}$. These fermions are inequivalent and only for $n=1$ they are canonical fields. In the general case solutions are anyons. Different anyons (which are uncountably many) live in orthogonal spaces and obey dynamical equations (of the type of Heisenberg's "Urgleichung") characterized by the corresponding values of the statistic parameter. Thus statistic parameter turns out to be related to the coupling constant $\lambda$ and the whole Hilbert space becomes non-separable with a different "Urgleichung" satisfied in each of its sectors. This feature certainly cannot be seen by any power expansion in $\lambda$. Moreover, since the latter is tied to the statistic parameter, it is clear that such an expansion is doomed to failure and will never reveal the true structure of the theory. The correlation functions in the temperature state for the canonical dressed fermions are shown by us to coincide with the ones for bare fields, that is in agreement with the uniqueness of the $\tau$-KMS state over the CAR algebra ($\tau$ being the shift automorphism). Also the $\alpha$-anyon two-point function is evaluated and for scalar field it reproduces the result that is known from the literature.Comment: 25 pages, LaTe

Direct Ascription of Missing Categorical Values in Survey Research Data

The complete datasets are a prerequisite for sustainable analyses, robust an- alytics and unbiased interpretation of results. Missing values in a survey occur when no data value is stored for the variable in an observation. Missing data can have a significant effect on the conclusions that can be drawn from the data. Direct ascription is the process of replacing missing data with predicted values. The aim of this work is to describe an approach to direct ascription of missing categorical values in survey research data based both on the assumption that values in a data set are missing at random and on the implementation of the correspondence analysis

Systematic Analysis of Long Non-Coding RNA Genes in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The largest solid organ in humans, the liver, performs a variety of functions to sustain life. When damaged, cells in the liver can regenerate themselves to maintain normal liver physiology. However, some damage is beyond repair, which necessitates liver transplantation. Increasing rates of obesity, Western diets (i.e., rich in processed carbohydrates and saturated fats), and cardiometabolic diseases are interlinked to liver diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is a collective term to describe the excess accumulation of fat in the liver of people who drink little to no alcohol. Alarmingly, the prevalence of NAFLD extends to 25% of the world population, which calls for the urgent need to understand the disease mechanism of NAFLD. Here, we performed secondary analyses of published RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data of NAFLD patients compared to healthy and obese individuals to identify long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that may underly the disease mechanism of NAFLD. Similar to protein-coding genes, many lncRNAs are dysregulated in NAFLD patients compared to healthy and obese individuals, suggesting that understanding the functions of dysregulated lncRNAs may shed light on the pathology of NAFLD. To demonstrate the functional importance of lncRNAs in the liver, loss-of-function experiments were performed for one NAFLD-related lncRNA, LINC01639, which showed that it is involved in the regulation of genes related to apoptosis, TNF/TGF, cytokine signaling, and growth factors as well as genes upregulated in NAFLD. Since there is no lncRNA database focused on the liver, especially NAFLD, we built a web database, LiverDB, to further facilitate functional and mechanistic studies of hepatic lncRNAs

Airtraq® is the preferred device for difficultintubation by residents?

Background: The Airtraq® optical laryngoscope is an intubation device designed to provide a view of the glottis without alignment of the oro-pharyngeal and laryngeal axes. Recent literature shows that, given its two significant features: time effectiveness and short learning curve, Airtraq® is the most favorable option when it comes to difficult intubation. Objectives: The goal was to analyze Airtraq® effectiveness when used by inexperienced physicians in anticipated difficult intubation in adult patients. Materials and methods: We conducted a prospective evaluation in ten medical residents using the Airtraq® device for the first time. All of them were experienced in using Macintosh. Each resident conducted laryngoscopy and intubation with the Airtraq® device after short didactic guidance. Eighteen patients were included, over a period of seven months. The patients showed four difficult intubation predictors: history of difficult intubation, thyromental distance less than 60 mm, mouth opening less than 35 mm and Mallampati class 3 or 4. All of them were clinically examined for difficult airway by an ENT specialist. Results: Before induction of anaesthesia all residents received a short demonstration on the use of the Airtraq®. Every participant was supervised by an Airtraq® handling specialist for each intubation maneuver. In sixteen patients, Airtraq® insertion, glottis visualization and subsequent intubation were easy and rapid, without arterial oxygen desaturation. In two patients the trachea was intubated from the second and third attempt. There were two tracheal intubation failures, associated with extended tracheal intubation and an Airtraq® specialist had to continue with intubation. The Airtraq® reduced the duration of intubation attempts in all cases, reduced the number of optimization maneuvers required, and reduced the potential for dental trauma. However, the two intubation failures emphasize the fact that Airtraq® laryngoscopy requires a clinical training process, especially in the event of anticipated difficult airway management situations. Conclusion: The residents participating the study, found the Airtraq® easier to use in all scenarios compared to the Macintosh laryngoscope. The Airtraq® may be the preferred device, required by inexperienced physicians in cases of difficult airwa

Enhanced gain and output power of a sealed‐off rf‐excited CO2 waveguide laser with gold‐plated electrodes

The small‐signal gain and the laser output power have been measured in a cw sealed‐off rf‐excited CO2waveguide laser for two different electrodematerials, gold‐plated copper and aluminum, at several excitation frequencies, gas pressures and mixture compositions. In the case of the gold‐plated electrodes an enhancement of the gain up to a factor of 2 and the output power up to a factor of 1.4 with time at a frequency of 190 MHz and 60 Torr of 1:1:5+5% (CO2:N2:He+Xe) mixture is observed. This is believed to be the result of the goldcatalytic activities which are favored by increased electrode temperatures and helium rich gas compositions

The electric dipole response of 76^{76}Se above 4 MeV

The dipole response of $^{76}_{34}$Se in the energy range 4 to 9 MeV has been analyzed using a $(\vec\gamma,{\gamma}')$ polarized photon scattering technique, performed at the High Intensity $\gamma$-Ray Source facility, to complement previous work performed using unpolarized photons. The results of this work offer both an enhanced sensitivity scan of the dipole response and an unambiguous determination of the parities of the observed J=1 states. The dipole response is found to be dominated by $E1$ excitations, and can reasonably be attributed to a pygmy dipole resonance. Evidence is presented to suggest that a significant amount of directly unobserved excitation strength is present in the region, due to unobserved branching transitions in the decays of resonantly excited states. The dipole response of the region is underestimated when considering only ground state decay branches. We investigate the electric dipole response theoretically, performing calculations in a 3D cartesian-basis time-dependent Skyrme-Hartree-Fock framework.Comment: 20 pages, 18 figures, to be submitted to PR

FibroDB: Expression Analysis of Protein-Coding and Long Non-Coding RNA Genes in Fibrosis

Most long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are expressed at lower levels than protein-coding genes and their expression is often restricted to specific cell types, certain time points during development, and various stress and disease conditions, respectively. To revisit this long-held concept, we focused on fibroblasts, a common cell type in various organs and tissues. Using fibroblasts and changes in their expression profiles during fibrosis as a model system, we show that the overall expression level of lncRNA genes is significantly lower than that of protein-coding genes. Furthermore, we identified lncRNA genes whose expression is upregulated during fibrosis. Using dermal fibroblasts as a model, we performed loss-of-function experiments and show that the knockdown of the lncRNAs LINC00622 and LINC01711 result in gene expression changes associated with cellular and inflammatory responses, respectively. Since there are no lncRNA databases focused on fibroblasts and fibrosis, we built a web application, FibroDB, to further promote functional and mechanistic studies of fibrotic lncRNAs

Correlation Functions of One-Dimensional Lieb-Liniger Anyons

We have investigated the properties of a model of 1D anyons interacting through a $\delta$-function repulsive potential. The structure of the quasi-periodic boundary conditions for the anyonic field operators and the many-anyon wavefunctions is clarified. The spectrum of the low-lying excitations including the particle-hole excitations is calculated for periodic and twisted boundary conditions. Using the ideas of the conformal field theory we obtain the large-distance asymptotics of the density and field correlation function at the critical temperature T=0 and at small finite temperatures. Our expression for the field correlation function extends the results in the literature obtained for harmonic quantum anyonic fluids.Comment: 19 pages, RevTeX