7 research outputs found
Újabb adatok a 10. századi textilleletek kutatásához : Honfoglalás kori temető Derecske‒Nagymező-dűlő lelőhelyről
A honfoglalás kori hagyatĂ©k rĂ©gĂ©szeti kutatásában az utĂłbbi Ă©vtizedben egyre nagyobb szerepet kaptak a szervesanyag-maradványok1 Ă©s azok modern vizsgálati mĂłdszerei. A ritka lelettĂpus ugyanis töredĂ©kessĂ©ge ellenĂ©re hatalmas informáciĂłs bázisnak bizonyult. KözöttĂĽk elsĹ‘ helyen a textiltöredĂ©keket emlĂthetjĂĽk, amelyekrĹ‘l összefoglalĂłan elmondhatjuk, hogy a 10. századi hagyatĂ©kban ma már azonosĂthatunk egy jobb (sűrűbb), Ă©s egy gyengĂ©bb minĹ‘sĂ©gű lenvászon textilt. Ugyanakkor folyamatosan bĹ‘vĂĽlt a magyarokkal kapcsolatos Ărott forrásokbĂłl jĂłl ismert selyemleletek száma is, sĹ‘t kötĂ©stani szempontbĂłl már itt is több változatot tudunk elkĂĽlönĂteni. Korábban a selyemmaradványok között szinte kivĂ©tel nĂ©lkĂĽl csak samitokat ismertĂĽnk, amely általánosan elterjedt tĂpus volt a vizsgált korszakban. A 2012-es tarpai megfigyelĂ©st2 követĹ‘en azonban 2016-ban, szintĂ©n Kelet-Magyarországon, Derecske határában egy Ăşjabb taquetĂ© szövĂ©sű selyemlelet kerĂĽlt elĹ‘. Az itt bemutatásra kerĂĽlĹ‘ derecskei lelet rámutatott arra, hogy a taquetĂ© selyem nem egyedi jelensĂ©g a 10. századi hagyatĂ©kban. Ennek a megfigyelĂ©snek pedig az ad kĂĽlönös jelentĹ‘sĂ©get, hogy a korszak nagyszámĂş nyugat- Ă©s Ă©szak-eurĂłpai selyemmaradványai között eddig mĂ©g nem közöltek ilyet, sĹ‘t Bizánc terĂĽletĂ©n is ritkaság. A taquetĂ© façonnĂ© selymek tehát annak lehetĹ‘sĂ©gĂ©t vetik fel, hogy a honfoglalĂłk ‒ az Ărott Ă©s rĂ©gĂ©szeti adatok által is egyĂ©rtelműen azonosĂtott nyugat-eurĂłpai mellett ‒ más selyemforrásokkal is rendelkez(het)tek egykor, talán Ă©pp keleti kapcsolataiknak köszönhetĹ‘en
New data to the research ont he 10th century textiles from the Hungarian Conquest period cemetery at Derecske-Nagymező-dűlő
In researching the archaeology of the Hungarian Conquest period, the analysis of organic remains with modern scientific techniques has sparked increasing interest in the past decades.1 Despite being a rare find – and mostly only fragmentarily preserved – organic remains are an immensely rich source of data. Among them, textile fragments are to be mentioned in the first place. In regard to materials from the 10th century, two categories of textiles could be identified thus far. Linen, of which there was a more dense (better quality), and another, of inferior quality. On the other hand, there has been also a number of silk finds found (a textile often associated with the Hungarians in the written sources), moreover, their different knitting patterns could be also identified. Most of the silk finds recovered thus far were samite (samitum), almost without exception, demonstrating that this was a generally widespread type of fabric in this period. A different type of silk (taqueté) was documented first at Tarpa (in 2012),2 and then in 2016, at Derecske – both situated in Eastern Hungary. As will be discussed below, this latter find is particularly interesting as it demonstrates that the occurence of the taqueté fabric was not a unique phenomenon in the 10th century. However, there are no examples among the published textile materials from Northern and Western Europe, and it seems that they occur also quite rarely in Byzantium. Nonetheless, the find from Derecske suggests that the conquering Hungarians could have access to silk transports not only through Western Europe (as this could be attested both on the basis of historical and archaeological data), but also had other sources, perhaps through their eastern contacts