23,146 research outputs found
Structure of the Vacuum in Deformed Supersymmetric Chiral Models
We analyze the vacuum structure of N=1/2 chiral supersymmetric theories in
deformed superspace. In particular we study O'Raifeartaigh models with
C-deformed superpotentials and canonical and non-canonical deformed Kahler
potentials. We find conditions under which the vacuum configurations are
affected by the deformations.Comment: 15 pages, minor corrections. Version to appear in JHE
Understanding the spiral structure of the Milky Way using the local kinematic groups
We study the spiral arm influence on the solar neighbourhood stellar
kinematics. As the nature of the Milky Way (MW) spiral arms is not completely
determined, we study two models: the Tight-Winding Approximation (TWA) model,
which represents a local approximation, and a model with self-consistent
material arms named PERLAS. This is a mass distribution with more abrupt
gravitational forces. We perform test particle simulations after tuning the two
models to the observational range for the MW spiral arm properties. We explore
the effects of the arm properties and find that a significant region of the
allowed parameter space favours the appearance of kinematic groups. The
velocity distribution is mostly sensitive to the relative spiral arm phase and
pattern speed. In all cases the arms induce strong kinematic imprints for
pattern speeds around 17 km/s/kpc (close to the 4:1 inner resonance) but no
substructure is induced close to corotation. The groups change significantly if
one moves only ~0.6 kpc in galactocentric radius, but ~2 kpc in azimuth. The
appearance time of each group is different, ranging from 0 to more than 1 Gyr.
Recent spiral arms can produce strong kinematic structures. The stellar
response to the two potential models is significantly different near the Sun,
both in density and kinematics. The PERLAS model triggers more substructure for
a larger range of pattern speed values. The kinematic groups can be used to
reduce the current uncertainty about the MW spiral structure and to test
whether this follows the TWA. However, groups such as the observed ones in the
solar vicinity can be reproduced by different parameter combinations. Data from
velocity distributions at larger distances are needed for a definitive
constraint.Comment: 18 pages, 21 figures, 4 tables; acccepted for publication in MNRA
Fermions in an AdS3 Black Hole Background and the Gauge-Gravity Duality
We study a model whose dynamics is determined by a Maxwell Lagrangian coupled
to a complex scalar and a Dirac fermion field, in an black hole
background. Our study is performed within the context of the Euclidean
formalism, in terms of an effective action that results from
integrating out the fermion field. In particular, includes an induced
parity breaking part which reduces, in the weak coupling limit, to Chern-Simons
terms for both the gauge and spin connections, with temperature dependent
coefficients. We find numerically the effective action minimum and, applying
the AdS/CFT correspondence, we discuss the properties of the dual quantum field
theory defined on the boundary. We show that, in contrast with what happens in
the absence of fermions, the system does not undergo a phase transition at any
finite temperature.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figures - Revised version to appear in Physical Review
On the Saturation of Astrophysical Dynamos: Numerical Experiments with the No-cosines flow
In the context of astrophysical dynamos we illustrate that the no-cosines
flow, with zero mean helicity, can drive fast dynamo action and study the
dynamo's mode of operation during both the linear and non-linear saturation
regime: It turns out that in addition to a high growth rate in the linear
regime, the dynamo saturates at a level significantly higher than normal
turbulent dynamos, namely at exact equipartition when the magnetic Prandtl
number is on the order of unity. Visualization of the magnetic and velocity
fields at saturation will help us to understand some of the aspects of the
non-linear dynamo problem.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, submitted to the proceedings of "Space Climate 1"
to be peer-reviewed to Solar Physic
Self-dual Ginzburg-Landau vortices in a disk
We study the properties of the Ginzburg-Laundau model in the self-dual point
for a two-dimensional finite system . By a numerical calculation we analyze the
solutions of the Euler-Lagrange equations for a cylindrically symmetric ansatz.
We also study the self-dual equations for this case. We find that the minimal
energy configurations are not given by the Bogomol'nyi equations but by
solutions to the Euler Lagrange ones. With a simple approximation scheme we
reproduce the result of the numerical calculation.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, RevTex macro
Time dependence of breakdown in a global fiber-bundle model with continuous damage
A time-dependent global fiber-bundle model of fracture with continuous damage
is formulated in terms of a set of coupled non-linear differential equations. A
first integral of this set is analytically obtained. The time evolution of the
system is studied by applying a discrete probabilistic method. Several results
are discussed emphasizing their differences with the standard time-dependent
model. The results obtained show that with this simple model a variety of
experimental observations can be qualitatively reproduced.Comment: APS style, two columns, 4 figures. To appear in Phys. Rev.
Valence band offset of the ZnO/AlN heterojunction determined by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy
The valence band offset of ZnO/AlN heterojunctions is determined by high resolution x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. The valence band of ZnO is found to be 0.43±0.17 eV below that of AlN. Together with the resulting conduction band offset of 3.29±0.20 eV, this indicates that a type-II (staggered) band line up exists at the ZnO/AlN heterojunction. Using the III-nitride band offsets and the transitivity rule, the valence band offsets for ZnO/GaN and ZnO/InN heterojunctions are derived as 1.37 and 1.95 eV, respectively, significantly higher than the previously determined values
A Non-Perturbative Approach to the Random-Bond Ising Model
We study the N -> 0 limit of the O(N) Gross-Neveu model in the framework of
the massless form-factor approach. This model is related to the continuum limit
of the Ising model with random bonds via the replica method. We discuss how
this method may be useful in calculating correlation functions of physical
operators. The identification of non-perturbative fixed points of the O(N)
Gross-Neveu model is pursued by its mapping to a WZW model.Comment: 17 pages LaTeX, 1 PostScript figure included using psfig.st
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