FIRST TRIES OF USING INNOVATIONAL CAPSO VISION CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY SYSTEM IN TREATING CHILDREN

Vide-capsule  endoscopy has been used successfully in treating children to assess the condition of the small intestine in spots that are not available to conventional endoscopy. The article presents the innovative technical characteristics of the new system for videocapsule endoscopy  — Capso Vision Capsule Endoscopy  System: panoramic view, provided  by the side optics, and data storage in the video processor  of the capsule itself. The article presents  the results of the diagnostic system in treatment of 5 children with a description  of the detected pathological changes. Both the positive aspects and disadvantages  of Capso Vision Capsule Endoscopy System in treatment of children are discussed

Helicity sensitive terahertz radiation detection by field effect transistors

Terahertz light helicity sensitive photoresponse in GaAs/AlGaAs high electron mobility transistors. The helicity dependent detection mechanism is interpreted as an interference of plasma oscillations in the channel of the field-effect-transistors (generalized Dyakonov-Shur model). The observed helicity dependent photoresponse is by several orders of magnitude higher than any earlier reported one. Also linear polarization sensitive photoresponse was registered by the same transistors. The results provide the basis for a new sensitive, all-electric, room-temperature and fast (better than 1 ns) characterisation of all polarization parameters (Stokes parameters) of terahertz radiation. It paves the way towards terahertz ellipsometry and polarization sensitive imaging based on plasma effects in field-effect-transistors.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure

ПЕРВЫЙ ОПЫТ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ У ДЕТЕЙ ИННОВАЦИОННОЙ ЭНДОСКОПИЧЕСКОЙ ВИДЕОКАПСУЛЬНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ С ПАНОРАМНЫМ ОБЗОРОМ

Vide-capsule  endoscopy has been used successfully in treating children to assess the condition of the small intestine in spots that are not available to conventional endoscopy. The article presents the innovative technical characteristics of the new system for videocapsule endoscopy  — Capso Vision Capsule Endoscopy  System: panoramic view, provided  by the side optics, and data storage in the video processor  of the capsule itself. The article presents  the results of the diagnostic system in treatment of 5 children with a description  of the detected pathological changes. Both the positive aspects and disadvantages  of Capso Vision Capsule Endoscopy System in treatment of children are discussed.Видеокапсульная эндоскопия успешно применяется у детей для оценки состояния тонкой кишки в отделах, не доступных для традиционной эндоскопии. В статье представлены инновационные технические характеристики новой системы для проведения видеокапсульной эндоскопии — CapsoVision Capsule Endoscopy System: панорамный обзор, который обеспечивается боковой оптикой, и сохранение данных на видеопроцессоре самой капсулы. В статье представлены результаты  применения диагностической системы у 5 детей с описанием обнаруженных патологических изменений. Обсуждаются как положительные стороны, так и недостатки применения видеокапсульной системы у детей

Balloon Dilatation of Esophageal Strictures in Children With Bullous Epidermolysis: Description of Case Series

Esophageal strictures are the most common complications of bullous epidermolysis in children. Strictures cause the development of dysphagia that prevents oral alimentation and receipt of an adequate amount of nutrients that is accompanied by a violation of nutritional status, weight loss, and delayed physical development of a child. Disturbed swallowing can also cause aspiration syndrome, pneumonia, and airway obstruction. To eliminate dysphagia and reduce the risk of complications, it is necessary to restore esophageal patency. The article describes the results of X-ray with assisted balloon dilatation in 19 children with bullous epidermolysis and dysphagia. It is shown that this method of esophagus recanalization allows to effectively and safely restore oral alimentation of children already in the first day after intervention with a gradual expansion of the diet

The role of nelarabine in the treatment of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: literature review and own experience

Aim. The analysis of experience of nelarabine use in refractory/relapsed T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) depending on the immunophenotype and the line of therapy. Materials and methods. All the patients with relapsed or refractory T-ALL aged from 0 to 18 years who received treatment with nelarabine as a part of the therapeutic element R6 were included in the study. For all patients a detailed immunological analysis of leukemia cells with discrimination of immunological variants TI, TII, TIII or TIV was performed. Patients administered with nelarabine as a first therapeutic element were referred to the first-line therapy group, other patients were referred to the second-line therapy group. Nelarabine was administered as intravenous infusion at a dose of 650 mg/m2, on days 1-5. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation (allo-HSCT) was considered for all patients. Results. From 2009 to 2017, 54 patients with refractory/relapsed T-ALL were treated with nelarabine. Five-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) was 28% for all patients, cumulative risk of relapse (CIR) was 27%. EFS was significantly higher in nelarabine first-line therapy group in comparison with second-line therapy group (34±8% vs 8±8%, p=0,05). In patients after allo-HSCT EFS, OS and CIR were 51±10%, 50±10% and 39,1±9,5% accordingly. The best results were achieved in patients with TI immunophenotype. No toxicity-related mortality as well as severe neurologic complications or discontinuation of therapy associated with use of nelarabine were reported. Conclusion. The use of nelarabine is an effective strategy for the treatment of relapsed and refractory T-ALL. The best treatment outcomes were obtained in patients with TI immunophenotype and in the first-line therapy group. Optimal dosage regimens can be established during controlled clinical trials

Хирургические осложнения геморрагического васкулита у ребенка

Hemorrhagic vasculitis is a hematological disorder, which is often accompanied by abdominal pain syndrome and blood in stool, which is why it requires differential diagnosis with acute surgical pathology. The article presents clinical follow-up of a patient with hemorrhagic vasculitis complicated by intestinal intussusception and developed mesenteric thrombosis, which required emergency surgical intervention. Геморрагический васкулит — это гематологическое заболевание, которое нередко сопровождается абдоминальным болевым синдромом и появлением крови в стуле, в связи с чем необходима дифференциальная диагностика с острой хирургической патологией. В статье представлено клиническое наблюдение пациента с геморрагическим васкулитом, осложнившимся инвагинацией кишечника и развившимся мезентериальным тромбозом, потребовавшим экстренного хирургического вмешательства.

СОЧЕТАНИЕ ТЯЖЕЛОГО ТЕЧЕНИЯ ЯЗВЕННОЙ БОЛЕЗНИ И ГЕМОФИЛИИ В У РЕБЕНКА. КЛИНИЧЕСКОЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЕ

Gastroduodenal ulcer is less common and milder in children than in adults. Gastroduodenal ulcer complications, such as hemorrhage, penetration etc. are even less common. Recurrent ulcerous defect hemorrhage is a reason to expand diagnostic search and involve various specialists, primarily hematologists, into the diagnosis establishing process. The article presents a clinical case of a child with gastroduodenal ulcer complicated with recurrent hemorrhage not terminated with the standard therapy; thus, additional diagnostic testing was performed. This helped to detect a hematological disease and determine an optimal therapy amount.Язвенная болезнь желудка и двенадцатиперстной кишки у детей встречается реже, чем у взрослых, и отличается более легким течением. Еще реже у детей встречаются осложнения язвенной болезни, такие как кровотечение, пенетрация и др. Рецидивирующие кровотечения из язвенных дефектов являются поводом для расширения диагностического поиска и привлечения к процессу постановки диагноза различных специалистов, в первую очередь гематологов. В статье представлен клинический случай ребенка с язвенной болезнью, осложненной рецидивирующими кровотечениями, которые не купировались при применении стандартной терапии, что послужило причиной для дополнительных диагностических исследований. Это позволило выявить гематологическое заболевание и определить оптимальный объем терапии

Баллонная дилатация стриктур пищевода у детей с буллезным эпидермолизом: описание серии случаев

Esophageal strictures are the most common complications of bullous epidermolysis in children. Strictures cause the development of dysphagia that prevents oral alimentation and receipt of an adequate amount of nutrients that is accompanied by a violation of nutritional status, weight loss, and delayed physical development of a child. Disturbed swallowing can also cause aspiration syndrome, pneumonia, and airway obstruction. To eliminate dysphagia and reduce the risk of complications, it is necessary to restore esophageal patency. The article describes the results of X-ray with assisted balloon dilatation in 19 children with bullous epidermolysis and dysphagia. It is shown that this method of esophagus recanalization allows to effectively and safely restore oral alimentation of children already in the first day after intervention with a gradual expansion of the diet.Стриктуры пищевода — наиболее часто встречающиеся осложнения буллезного эпидермолиза у детей. Стриктуры являются причиной развития дисфагии, препятствующей пероральному питанию и поступлению адекватного количества питательных веществ, что сопровождается нарушением нутритивного статуса, потерей веса и задержкой физического развития ребенка. Нарушенный акт глотания также может стать причиной аспирационного синдрома, пневмонии и обструкции дыхательных путей. Для устранения дисфагии и снижения риска возникновения осложнений требуется восстановление проходимости пищевода. В статье представлено описание результатов рентгенассистированной баллонной дилатации у 19 детей с буллезным эпидермолизом и дисфагией. Показано, что этот метод реканализации пищевода позволяет эффективно и безопасно возобновить пероральное кормление детей уже в первые сутки после вмешательства с постепенным расширением рациона питания

Adhesive Intestinal Obstruction as One of the Causes of Emergency Conditiond in Children

Adhesive intestinal obstruction is one of the reasons of emergency conditions in children. The article discusses the problem of sintered ileus (SKN), from causes to treatment. It stresses the urgency of the problem of timely diagnosis SKN consisting of X-ray, ultrasound and endoscopic methods of investigation. Described are several classifications, based on which not only the differentiation of different types of SKN is carried out, but also the tactics of patients. Conservative methods of SKN treatment in children are presented as well as the use of laparoscopy, when conservative therapy is not effective, not only to evaluate the prevalence of adhesions in the abdominal cavity but also to remove the cause of intestinal obstruction