Thermal effects of carbonated hydroxyapatite modified by glycine and albumin

In this work calcium phosphate powders were obtained by precipitation method from simulated solutions of synovial fluid containing glycine and albumin. X-ray diffraction and IR spectroscopy determined that all samples are single-phase and are presented by carbonate containing hydroxyapatite (CHA). The thermograms of solid phases of CHA were obtained and analyzed; five stages of transformation in the temperature range of 25-1000°C were marked. It is shown that in this temperature range dehydration, decarboxylation and thermal degradation of amino acid and protein connected to the surface of solid phase occur. The tendency of temperature lowering of the decomposition of powders synthesized from a medium containing organic substances was determined. Results demonstrate a direct dependence between the concentration of the amino acid in a model solution and its content in the solid phase

Последовательность действий при визуализации кровоизлияний/гематом мягких тканей у пожилых больных, инфицированных SARS-CoV-2

Aim. To determine ultrasound, computed tomography and angiographic image characteristics for soft tissue hemorrhages/hematomas, the sequence of using imaging methods in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, to study the morphology of changes in soft tissues, to determine the essence of the concept and to develop treatment tactics for this complication of COVID-19.Material and methods. During 4 months of treatment of elderly patients (+60) infected with SARS-CoV-2, 40 patients were identified with soft tissue hemorrhages/hematomas, of which 26 (65%) patients with large hematomas (>10 cm in size and > 1000 ml in volume). The analysis of clinical and laboratory parameters, methods of instrumental diagnostics (ultrasound – 26 patients, CT – 10 patients, angiography – 9 patients, punctures – 6 patients) was carried out; autopsy material was studied in 11 cases.Results. Image characteristics of hemorrhages/hematomas of soft tissue density were obtained using modern instrumental methods, and the sequence of application of visualization methods was determined. A tactic for managing a patient with stopped and ongoing bleeding has been developed. The morphological substrate of hemorrhagic complications in a new viral infection was studied. All patients were treated with conservative and minimally invasive procedures (embolization, puncture with pressure bandage). 15 patients (57.7%) recovered, 11 patients (42.3%) died from the progression of COVID-19 complications.Conclusion. Comprehensive clinical and laboratory sequential instrumental diagnosis of soft tissue hemorrhages in COVID-19. Treatment should be conservative and significantly invasive. The use of the term “soft tissue hematoma” in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients is not a natural quality of the normal pathological process and should not be observed from our point of view.Цель исследования: определить визуальные ультразвуковые, компьютерно-томографические и ангиографические критерии мягкотканных кровоизлияний/гематом, последовательность использования методов визуализации у больных, инфицированных SARS-CoV-2, изучить морфологию изменений в мягких тканях, определить суть понятия и выработать лечебную тактику при таком осложнении COVID-19.Материал и методы. За 4 мес лечения пожилых больных (+60), инфицированных SARS-CoV-2, выявлено 40 пациентов с мягкотканными кровоизлияниями/гематомами, из них 26 (65%) пациентов с большими гематомами (размер >10 см и объем> 1000 мл). Проведен анализ клинико-лабораторных показателей, методов инструментальной диагностики (УЗИ – 26 пациентов, КТ – 10 пациентов, ангиография – 9 больных, пункции – 6 пациентов), в 11 случаях изучен материал аутопсии.Результаты. Современными инструментальными методами получена визуальная характеристика крово излияний/гематом мягкотканной плотности, определена последовательность применения методов визуализации. Разработана тактика ведения пациента при остановившемся и продолжающемся кровотечении. Изучен морфологический субстрат геморрагического осложнения при новой вирусной инфекции. Все больные пролечены консервативными и минимально инвазивными процедурами (эмболизация, пункция с давящей повязкой). Выздоровели 15 (57,7%) пациентов, умерли от прогрессирования осложнений COVID-19 11 (42,3%) больных.Заключение. Комплексная клинико-лабораторная последовательная инструментальная диагностика мягкотканных кровоизлияний при COVID-19-инфекции позволяет своевременно установить топический диагноз, оценить тяжесть кровопотери, ее остановку или продолжение кровотечения. Лечение должно носить консервативный и минимально инвазивный характер. Использование термина “гематома” мягких тканей у инфицированных SARS-CoV-2 больных не отражает суть происходящего патологического процесса и, с нашей точки зрения, не должно использоваться

Structure, development, and evolutive patterns of spermatozoa in rhabditid nematodes (Nematoda: Rhabditida)

Spermatogenesis of five rhabditid nematodes was studied using transmission electron microscopy and is described herein. Structure and development of nematode sperm in all available representatives of the extensive order Rhabditida have been analysed and the main characteristics of each infraorder are discussed. The ancestral sperm of the order Rhabditida was reconstructed using maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods based on 44 ultrastructural sperm characters. The hypothetical ancestral spermatogenesis of the order Rhabditida agrees with the previously suggested "rhabditid" pattern and appears to be conserved throughout the order Rhabditida. Despite the enormous variation of rhabditid nematodes, few groups deviate from the ancestral pattern. This conserved pattern can be informative within the phylum Nematoda at order level, but poses limitations when used in taxonomic and phylogenetic analysis within Rhabditida