CLINICAL DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF AUTOANTIBODIES IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF AUTOIMMUNE LIVER DISEASES

We are studied the 15 patients with autoimmune liver diseases and 36 patients without autoimmune pathology found the diagnostic value of antinuclear and antimitochondrial autoantibodies (AMA-M2) tests, and antibodies to asialoglycoprotein receptor (anti-ASGPR). Based on the ROC analysis showed that the diagnostic sensitivity and diagnostic specificity of AMA-M2 was 73% and 100% and for anti-ASGPR – 60% and 77%, respectively. Therefore, the test for anti-ASGPR in autoimmune diseases of the liver showed no advantages over standart tests, and its using in clinical practice requires clarification

The clinical case of acute promyelocytic leukemia in a patient with high cytogenetic risk

The article presents an overview of the clinical case of acute promyelocytic leukemia in a patient with high cytogenetic risk. Key methods for laboratory diagnosis of this disease are indicated.В статье представлен обзор клинического случая острого промиелоцитарного лейкоза у пациента с высоким цитогенетическим риском. Указаны основные методы лабораторной диагностики данного заболевани

Inflammation biomarkers at myeloproliferative neoplasms

The article considers the possibility of using biomarkers of inflammation as a potential clinical diagnostic tool in the diagnosis and treatment of myeloproliferative neoplasms. The blood levels of 44 inflammatory biomarkers were determined in the groups, namely: IFN-gamma, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL- 5, IL-6, TNF-alpha, GM -CSF, IL-18, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23, IL- 27, IL-9, IFN-alpha, IL-31, IL-15, IL-1alpha , IL-1RA, IL-7, TNF-beta, Eotaxin, GRO-alpha, IL-8, IP-10, MCP-1, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, SDF-1alpha, RANTES, NGF-beta, BDNF , EGF, FGF-2, HGF, LIF, PDGF-BB, PIGF-1, SCF, VEGF-A, VEGF-D. An analysis of the data revealed that levels of biomarkers of inflammation in patients diagnosed with true polycythemia and the control group are different. Clonal proliferation of myeloid cells is accompanied by secondary inflammation and abnormal cytokine production. It has been established that patients with myeloproliferative neoplasm are characterized by changes in the cytokine profile, with a predominance of pro-inflammatory cytokines. On the other hand, the increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines is less pronounced.В статье рассматривается возможность использования биомаркеров воспалениякак потенциального клинико – диагностического инструмента при диагностике и лечении миелопролиферативныхновообразований. В группах определялось содержание в крови 44 биомаркеров воспаления, а именно: IFN-gamma, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL- 6,TNF- alpha, GM-CSF, IL-18, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23, IL-27, IL-9, IFN-alpha, IL-31, IL-15, IL-1alpha, IL-1RA, IL-7, TNF-beta, Eotaxin, GRO-alpha, IL-8, IP-10, MCP-1, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, SDF-1alpha, RANTES, NGF-beta, BDNF, EGF, FGF-2, HGF, LIF, PDGF-BB, PIGF-1, SCF, VEGF-A, VEGF-D. При анализе данных было выявлено, что уровни биомаркеров воспаления у пациентов с диагнозом истинная полицитемия и контрольной группы отличаются. Клональная пролиферация миелоидных клеток сопровождается вторичным воспалением и патологической выработкой цитокинов. Установлено, что для больных с миелопролиферативным новообразованием характерно изменения в цитокиновом профиле,с преобладанием провоспалительных цитокинов. Сдругойстороны, повышениепротивовоспалительныхцитокиновменеевыражено

Gene polymorphism of folate cycle in young patients with lacunar ischemic stroke

Frequency of genes polymorphism of folate enzyme cycle among young patients with lacunar ischemic stroke and healthy population are investigated in the article. Statistically significant results were received: frequency of polymorphism MTR A66G and combination MTHFR А1289С+MTRR A66G+MTR A2756G are higher in young patients with lacunar ischemic stroke.В статье проведен сравнительный анализ распространенности мутаций генов ферментов фолатного цикла у пациентов, перенесших лакунарный ишемический инсульт в молодом возрасте, и в здоровой популяции. Получены следующие статистически достоверные результаты: частота носительства полиморфизма MTRRA66G и комбинации полиморфизмов MTHFR А1289С+MTRR A66G+MTR A2756G выше среди лиц, перенесших лакунарный ишемический инсульт в молодом возрасте

Genetic predisposition to stroke: analysis of gene mutations of folate cycle

Hyperhomocystinemia is one of the risk factors of ischemic stroke. Genetic disorders can cause hyperhomocysteinemia. Genes polymorphism of folate enzymes cycle among post-stroke patents and healthy population are investigated in the article. Identified a higher risk of hyperhomocysteinemia in patients with stroke with a combination of 2 or 3 polymorphisms. Received a statistically significant correlation between the development of ischemic stroke and the presence of mutations MTHFR:C677T, heterozygous variant, MTRR:A66G, heterozygous and homozygous variants.Одним из независимых факторов риска развития ишемического инсульта является гипергомоцистеинемия. Она может быть вызвана наследственно обусловлена. В статье проведен сравнительный анализ распространенности мутаций генов ферментов фолатного цикла у пациентов с ишемическим инсультом и в здоровой популяции. Выявлен более высокий риск развития гипергомоцистеинемии у больных с инсультом при сочетании 2 или 3 полиморфизмов генов. Получена статистически достоверная корреляция между развитием ишемического инсульта и носительством мутаций MTHFR:C677T, гетерозиготный вариант, MTRR:A66G, гетерозиготный и гомозиготный варианты

Anamnestic, clinical and laboratory features of the acute period of ischemic stroke in young patients

Objective: to study the anamnestic, clinical and laboratory features of the acute period of ischemic stroke (IS) and to determine the risk factors for its development in young patients. Patients and methods. Clinical and statistical processing of data of 256 patients aged 18 to 44 years included, who had IS, confirmed by computed and/or magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in the acute period, was carried out. Furthermore, in 154 patients and in 117 healthy participants, who made up the control group, eight polymorphisms of the thrombophilic spectrum genes were determined – FGB: -455G>A, F2: 20210G>A, F5: 1691G>A, F7: 10976G>A, F13: 103 G>T, ITGA2: 807C>T, ITGB3: 1565 T>C, PAI-1: -675 5G>4G. Results and discussion. 154 (60.15%) patients demonstrated good recovery (achievement of a level of ≤2 points on the Rankin scale by the patient). None of the patients died during their hospitalization. In the evaluated group of patients, we identified allelic variants of the thrombophilic spectrum genes and gene-gene combinations, the carriage of which increased the likelihood of IS development at the young age by 1.74 and 2.19 times, respectively. Taking into consideration additional examination methods, the pathogenetic variant of IS according to the TOAST classification was verified in 226 (88%) patients. Conclusion. In IS at a young age a detailed assessment of risk factors is required, including an analysis of carrier variants and combinations of procoagulant and prothrombotic spectrum gene polymorphisms. © 2022 Ima-Press Publishing House. All rights reserved

Significance of neutrophil flow cytometry in laboratory monitoring in coronary heart disease

The aim of the work is a comparative assessment of quantitative and functional parameters of blood neutrophils in patients with different forms of ischemic heart disease (IHD). In patients with acute myocardial infarction and IHD disease, the number of neutrophils, the content of myeloperoxidase in them by flow cytometry, the level of markers of myocardial damage in immunochemical tests were determined. An increase in the level of neutrophils, including band forms, with a decrease in the level of intracellular myeloperoxidase was established. These changes were more significant in acute myocardial infarction than in IHD. The correlation of the myeloperoxidase level with troponin concentration is shown. The study of peripheral blood neutrophils by flow cytometry with the determination of intracellular myeloperoxidase can be considered as an additional tool for laboratory diagnosis of ischemic heart disease.Цель работы — сравнительная оценка количественных и функциональных параметров нейтрофилов крови, определенных методом проточной цитометрии, у пациентов с разными формами ИБС. У пациентов с острым инфарктом миокарда и хронической ИБС определяли количество нейтрофилов и содержание в них миелопероксидазы методом проточной цитометрии, а также уровень маркеров повреждения миокарда в сыворотке крови. Установлено повышение уровня нейтрофилов, в том числе молодых форм с одновременным снижением уровня внутриклеточной миелопероксидазы. Эти изменения были более выражены при остром инфаркте миокарда, чем при хронической ИБС. Показана корреляционная связь содержания миелопероксидазы с концентрацией тропонина. Исследование нейтрофилов периферической крови методом проточной цитометрии с определением внутриклеточной миелопероксидазы может рассматриваться в качестве дополнительного инструмента лабораторной диагностики ИБС

Transient ischemic attack in childhren and young: risk factors and therapy approaches

The article summarizes the risk factors identified in 70 patients with Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA), aged 0-18 years. Adolescence was showed as the most frequent age debut for TIA. Genetically determined procoagulant status, dyslipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia and cerebrovascular abnormalities were the most likely etiopathogenetic factor in this age period, but their verification has occurred only after the fact of TIA. The authors found the most probable thrombophylic gene-gene combinations which increase the risk of TIA in two or more times. The proposed strategy of active secondary prevention with aspirin and clopidogrel reduced the risk of recurrent TIA 2-4 times.В статье обобщены сведения о факторах риска, выявленных у 70 пациентов с диагностированной транзиторной ишемической атакой (ТИА) в возрасте 0-18 лет. Показан подростковый возраст как наиболее частый для дебюта ТИА. Генетически детерминированная прокоагулянтная настроенность, дислипидемии, гипергомоцистеинемия, а также аномалии строения цереброваскулярного русла выступили в качестве наиболее вероятного этиопатогенетического фактора в этом возрастном периоде, однако верификация их произошла только после факта ТИА. Авторы показали наиболее вероятные тромбофильные ген-генные сочетания, носительство которых повышало вероятность ТИА в два и более раз. Предложенная тактика активной вторичной профилактики с использованием препаратов аспирина (кардиомагнил) и клопидогреля снижала риск повторного ТИА в 2-4 раза

Immunity and Its Effect on the Incidence of Multiple Organ Failure in Patients after the Heart Surgery

The purpose of the study is to identify the components of immunity, which might predict the development of multiple organ failure in patients after heart surgery.Material and methods. The study included 40 patients who were operated in cardiac surgery Department. The inclusion criteria were the presence of indications for cardiac surgery. The exclusion criteria were the presence of infective endocarditis in patients. Before the operation and after 24 hours we studied the blood level of leukocytes and lymphocytes. We analyzed the phenotype of immune cells using monoclonal antibodies, serum levels of procalcitonin and C3 and C4 complement components. All patients were evaluated for multiple organ disfunction (MOD) using the SOFA scale.The results showed that cardiac surgery leads to the development of MOD, statistically significant multidirectional changes in both quantitative and qualitative composition of all cells of the immune system, significant changes in the level of C3 and C4 components of the cascade of complement and plasma level of pro-calcitonin. ROC analysis was revealed that the relative content of monocytes is less than 7.1% of the number of leukocytes as well as the absolute content of monocytes with the CD14 + HLA-DR + phenotype less than 0.32_109/l in the preoperative period, and the C3 level of the complement component less than 0.52 g/l, as well as the maximum SOFA score in the postoperative period, were the best predictors of MOD after the procedures.Conclusion. The components of innate immunity make it possible to predict the complication of the cardiac surgery, earlier than the SOFA scale