Comparative characteristics of nasopharynx microbiota and vaginal biotope in women with reproductive disorders

Nasopharyngeal flora contributes much to the development of many diseases, including the urinary system diseases. The aim was to compare the vaginal microbiota biotope and nasopharynx microbiota in women with reproductive disorders (RD). The study involved 97 women with RD (infertility, miscarriage). The control group comprised women with chronic endometritis (CE), RD and chronic tonsillitis (CT) (n = 65), mean age was 31.0 ± 5.3. CE was diagnosed using histologic analysis and ultrasound studies. The comparison group consisted of 32 women with RD without CE and HT, representative by age. Endometrial sampling was conducted by endometrial pipelle biopsy taken on 5-11th days of the menstrual cycle. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken on an empty stomach. Due to reduced indigenous microbiota in the studied habitats the number of opportunistic pathogenic microflora such as Staphylococci, Enterococci, fungi, E. coli and etiologically significant Streptococcus (in nasopharynx) was increased. Streptococci in the nasopharynx indicate that the troubles are in vaginal biotope, which leads to inflammatory diseases and reproductive disorders. Everything mentioned demonstrates common etiopathogenic mechanisms for the development of pathological processes of various localizations. Thus, it is important to pay close attention to all rehabilitation centers specializing on chronic infections, which will improve the treatment of CE

Genes of pathogenicity of Enterococcus bacteria isolated from the vaginal biotope of women with chronic endometritis and reproductive disorders

The microflora of the vagina plays an important role and should be regarded as a kind of ecological system that reacts to any changes in the state of the woman's body. Clinically expressed genital infections are etiologically associated with opportunistic microorganisms. In the pathogenesis of dysbiosis, an important role is played not only by quantitative and qualitative changes in microflora, but also by the "pathogenic potential" of microorganisms. The aim of the work was to reveal genes of pathogenicity in strains of Enterococci of the vaginal biotope of women of the studied groups. The study involved 102 women with reproductive disorders. The main group - women with chronic endometritis (CE), (n = 63), mean age - 31.0 ± 5.3. The diagnosis of chronic endometritis was made on the basis of morphological signs of histological examination of vacuum suction biopsy. The comparison group consisted of 39 women, representative by age; in this group the diagnosis was not confirmed by the results of the histological study of the endometrium. It has been established that enterococcal strains isolated only in women with reproductive disorders and chronic endometritis are a reservoir of genetic determinants of pathogenicity factors (efaA and asa1 (12.5 %) and sprE (37.5 %))

Detection of genes of pathogenicity of symbiotic microflora in adjacent biotopes in women with chronic endometritis and reproductive disorders

Recent researches established microecological relationships between intestinal, vaginal and nasopharyngeal biocenoses in the composition of a macroorganism microbiome. This study included 57 women with chronic endometritis and 21 woman without it (control group). In women with chronic endometritis all studied pathogenicity genes (asal, cylA, stxl and stx2) were identified in representatives of symbiotic microflora in all three studied habitats - vaginal, intestinal and nasopharyngeal, which confirms the presence of a reservoir of potential pathogenicity. Studied genes of pathogenicity were diagnosed in women with CE in 8 cases of the bacteria of the species E. faecalis and E. faecium, which are "harbingers" of impending serious problem. This indicates the importance of these species in etiopathogenetic structure of microbiocenoses of studied habitats, and, possibly, their impact on the course of this disease

An evidence - based apporoachto the treatment of advanced – stage Parkinson’s disease. clinical case

Parkinson's disease is one of the most common age-related diseases, most often developing between the ages of 65 and 70. But, earlier debuts of the disease are also possible - in young or adult age. Due to the progressive neurodegenerative process, mainly in the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra, patients need constant symptomatic therapy aimed at maintaining dopamine in sufficient concentration to correct neurological deficits. According to the accepted clinical guidelines for Parkinson's disease, at the onset of the disease at the age of 65- 70 years, the preparation of choice for starting therapy should be dopamine receptor agonists, and only with the progression of the disease, severe neurological deficit, therapy is supplemented with Levodopa. The article considers a clinical case of Parkinson's disease in a patient who had an incorrect treatment strategy.Болезнь Паркинсона – одно из самых распространенных возраст-зависимых заболеваний, чаще развивающееся в возрасте старше 65-70 лет. Но, возможны и более ранние дебюты болезни – в юношеском, молодом или зрелом возрасте. В связи с прогрессирующим нейродегенеративным процессом, преимущественно в дофаминергических нейронах черной субстанции, пациенты нуждаются в постоянной симптоматической терапии, направленной на поддержание дофамина в достаточной концентрации для коррекции неврологического дефицита. Согласно принятым клиническим рекомендациям по болезни Паркинсона, при дебюте болезни в возрасте до 65-70 лет препаратами выбора для старта терапии должны применяться агонисты дофаминовых рецепторов и только при прогрессировании болезни, выраженном неврологическом дефиците терапия дополняется препаратами Леводопа. В статье представлен обзор клинического случая болезни Паркинсона у пациента, которому была неправильно выстроена тактика лечения

Characteristics of Nasopharyngeal Microbiocenosis and Evaluation of the Interaction of its Associates in Women with Chronic Endometritis

The upper respiratory tract is one of the most important biotopes in the human body. Therefore, in order to understand the cause-effect relationships between the microbial world and the pathological state of a person, it is crucial to clarify the relationship of the microbes-associates.The study involved 74 women with reproductive disorders. The main group – women with chronic endometritis (n = 47). The diagnosis of chronic endometritis was revealed on the basis of morphological signs of histological examination of aspirates from the uterine cavity. The comparison group consisted of 27 women, in whom the chronic endometritis was not confirmed. When applying, women complained more often of infertility and (or) miscarriage. Of the accompanying extragenital diseases, chronic tonsillitis in women of the studied groups was most often diagnosed. Therefore, it was important to give a microbiological description of the nasopharyngeal biotope of these women, as one of the factors that influences the reserves of confrontation of the reproductive function of the body to infections. Nasopharyngeal microbiocenosis of women with chronic endometritis was characterized by deficiency of the indigenous microbiota and a permanent presence in the microbiocenosis of the absolute pathogen (S. aureus) and transient species (enterococci, CNS). Between the representatives of normoflora antagonistic relations were established. The obtained results indicate violations in the nasopharyngeal biotope of these women, which can cause immunodeficiency and, as a consequence, the development and flow of chronic endometritis

Response sensitivity to bacteriophages of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from the microbiota of the oropharynx in children of Irkutsk

Dysbiotic disorders of the oropharynx takes one of the first places in the structure of morbidity worldwide. The aim of the study was to determine the peculiarities of microbiocenosis of the oropharynx in children at different ages and to assess the level of sensitivity of S. aureus strains to specific bacteriophages. Material for the study consisted of 84 smears from the oropharynx of children with inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract (nasopharyngitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, laryngitis (J00, J02, J03, J04 according to 1CD-10). The biological material was distributed depending on the age of the surveyed: the first group - children 3-6 years (n = 61) and the second age group - children 7-12 years (n = 23). Studies of the microflora of the oropharynx were performed according to standard methods. Isolated microorganisms were identified by morphological, tinctorial, cultural and biochemical properties. The results were evaluated in accordance with the Order of USSR Ministry of Health N 535 as of April 22,1985. Specific lytic activity of bacteriophages against S. aureus was determined using preparations of staphylococcal bacteriophage and polyvalent pyobacteriophage Sexta. The sensitivity of strains of S. aureus to specific bacteriophages was assessed by the method of «crosses», according to the guidelines. Statistical analysis was performed with the use of licensed applications Offiœ Ms Excel 2007for Windows 7 BioStat v. 5.0.1.2008. Correlation analysis (Pearson method) was used. 1t has been shown that with increasing age children in the oropharynx microbial density is increasing for indicators of both normoflora (S. oralis), and of opportunistic microflora (S. β-hemolytic, S. pyogenes, S. pneumoniae, bacteria Enterobacteriaceae), especially of S. aureus (up to 74 %). Registration of sensitive strains of S. aureus in more than 70 % of cases in preschool and school-aged children is evidence of the correctness of correction of the dysbiotic disorders of the oropharynx with the use of bacteriophages of staphylococcus and Sexta

Epidemiological characteristics nosological forms of sexually transmitted infections among the population of the Sverdlovsk region in the period from 2011 to 2020

The aim of the study - to study the incidence of STI among the population of Sverdlovsk region for the period from 2011 to 2020 and to identify the main trends of the epidemic process of the most prevalent nosological forms.Цель исследования – изучить заболеваемость ИППП среди населения Свердловской области за период с 2011 по 2020 гг. и выявить основные тенденции развития эпидемического процесса наиболее распространенных нозологических форм

Identification of Infectious Diseases Patterns in the Combined Use of Bacteriological Diagnostics and MALDI Biotyper

In multidisciplinary hospitals, there are conditions conducive to the emergence of healthcare-associated infections: high concentration of people with reduced immunity in a limited area, the presence of a significant number of sources of contagion (patients and carriers), a change in the biocenosis of the mucous membranes and skin of patients and medical personnel under the influence of widespread use of antibiotics and cytostatics. The aim of the research was in the intercomparison of the standardized bacteriological algorithms and the MALDI Biotyper system in the microbiological diagnosis of pathogens as illustrated by the healthcare-associated diseases.Materials and methods. Seventy-eight patients of a multidisciplinary hospital of a regional level (Irkutsk) in 2018–2019 were examined. The age of patients ranged from 1 to 15 years. The material for the study was blood, sputum, swabs from the tracheobronchial tree, throat, nose, wound, abdominal fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, and swabs from environmental objects. Identification of the isolated cultures (78 bacterial strains) was  carried out using generally accepted bacteriological methods, as well as using the MALDI Biotyper system.Results and discussions. In the structure of healthcare-associated infections, Pseudomonas aeruginosa occupied a leading position. Not all isolates of microorganisms were identified by standardized bacteriological methods. The identification of strains with characteristic manifestations of physiological and biochemical characteristics was more reliable. Identification difficulties arose in the presence of atypical properties of microorganisms when the use of MALDI Biotyper would be crucial.Conclusion. It is necessary to apply an integrated approach to conduct reliable diagnostics of pathogens. It includes standardized bacteriological methods and methods for identifying microorganisms using mass spectrometry in the subsequent stages

VAGINAL MICROECOLOGY IN WOMEN WITH THE NON-SPECIFIC GENITAL INFLAMMATORY DISEASES AND REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION DISORDERS

We conducted the microbiological examination of vaginal microbiota in 324 women with non-specific inflammatory diseases of the genital tract and with reproductive dysfunction. According the condition of microecological balance of indigenous microflora (lactobacilli concentration) of women we have identified three types of vaginal microbiota: "normocenosis", " dysbiosis", "deep dysbiosis" We marked deficiency oflactobacilli in every fourth women (28%) with infertility and miscarriage, and deep deficit in every second (53% in the third group) - sharp depression of the indigenous microbiota and its replacement by opportunistic (facultative anaerobic and obligate anaerobic), what indicates microecological trouble in the vaginal biotope and can be one of the causes of infectious and inflammatory diseases of genitals and other reproductive disorders. It was shown that the dominant microorganisms of pathogenic microbiota (UPM) of inflammatory diseases in women are coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), fungi of genus Candida, Escherihia coli and Enterococcus spp. During the analysis of UPM representatives material of groups with "normocenosis", "dysbiosis" and "deep dysbiosis" an important microecological indicator was calculated which characterizing microbiocaenosis as a whole - index of species richness (ISR) - the average number of species in the composition

Features of the Composition of the Colon Microbiota in Children of the First Year of Life with Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders

Background. The development of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) in children, especially in the first year of life, is a key factor in the formation of an altered colon microbiota and its formation in older age. The article presents both clinical-detailed anamnesis, symptoms of FGID, and bacteriological characteristics – qualitative and quantitative composition of the colon microbiota in children of the first year of life.Aim: to determine the features of the colon microbiota in children of the first year of life with FGID.Materials and methods. The objects of the study were children of the first year of life (n = 28) with a diagnosis of FGID established by a gastroenterologist. The material was divided into two comparison groups, depending on the age of the subjects: the first group included stool sample cultures of children aged from birth to 6 months (n = 17), the second – from 6 to 12 months (n = 11). The bacteriological study of the quantitative and qualitative composition of the contents of the colon was performed using standard methods.Results. According to the anamnesis, colic and flatulence were the key symptoms of FGID (p < 0.05). The results show that the formation of FGID in children from birth to 6 months and from 6 to 12 months may be associated with altered colon microbiota. There was a decrease in the quantitative indicators of the indigenous microbiota: bifidobacteria, E. coli with normal sensitivity and Enterococcus spp., and an increase in the degree of contamination of Klebsiella spp., S. aureus, Clostridium spp.Conclusion. It is shown that the determining factor in reducing the risk of developing FGID in children of the first year of life is a high concentration and diversity of indigenous microbiota