10 research outputs found
A Comparison Between GaAs Mesfet and Si NMOS ESD Behaviour
Work is in hand at Loughborough University to investigate and compare the ESD sensitivity of GaAs
D-MESFETs and unprotected enhancement mode NMOS structures
Avalanche-Induced Current Enhancement in Semiconducting Carbon Nanotubes
Semiconducting carbon nanotubes under high electric field stress (~10 V/um)
display a striking, exponential current increase due to avalanche generation of
free electrons and holes. Unlike in other materials, the avalanche process in
such 1D quantum wires involves access to the third sub-band, is insensitive to
temperature, but strongly dependent on diameter ~exp(-1/d^2). Comparison with a
theoretical model yields a novel approach to obtain the inelastic optical
phonon emission length, L_OP,ems ~ 15d nm. The combined results underscore the
importance of multi-band transport in 1D molecular wires
Recommended from our members
Genome editing in plants using the compact editor CasĪ¦
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) systems have been developed as important tools for plant genome engineering. Here, we demonstrate that the hypercompact CasĪ¦ nuclease is able to generate stably inherited gene edits in Arabidopsis, and that CasĪ¦ guide RNAs can be expressed with either the Pol-III U6 promoter or a Pol-II promoter together with ribozyme mediated RNA processing. Using the Arabidopsis fwa epiallele, we show that CasĪ¦ displays higher editing efficiency when the target locus is not DNA methylated, suggesting that CasĪ¦ is sensitive to chromatin environment. Importantly, two CasĪ¦ protein variants, vCasĪ¦ and nCasĪ¦, both showed much higher editing efficiency relative to the wild-type CasĪ¦ enzyme. Consistently, vCasĪ¦ and nCasĪ¦ yielded offspring plants with inherited edits at much higher rates compared to WTCasĪ¦. Extensive genomic analysis of gene edited plants showed no off-target editing, suggesting that CasĪ¦ is highly specific. The hypercompact size, T-rich minimal protospacer adjacent motif (PAM), and wide range of working temperatures make CasĪ¦ an excellent supplement to existing plant genome editing systems