Новая возможность применения бактериофагов для профилактики инфекционных осложнений при свободной кожной пластике (бактериофаги при кожной пластике)

 Aim. To prevent infectious processes in the area of a recipient wound in free skin grafting with a split-graft.Materials and methods. A method was developed for immobilizing bacteriophages in the area of split thickness skin grafts through transferring a solution containing bacteriophages into a gel form. Microbiological and clinical studies of the effectiveness of the proposed method were performed.Results. The viability of bacteriophages in a gel dressing for up to 4 days was confirmed, as well as the reduced likelihood of local infectious complications in skin grafting.Conclusion. The gel composition containing bacteriophages allows quick response to changes in current hospital microflora and effectively counteract the dangers of nosocomial infection.  Цель. Профилактика инфекционного процесса в области реципиентной раны при свободной кожной пластике расщепленным трансплантатом.Материалы и методы. Разработан способ иммобилизации бактериофагов в области аутодермотрансплантата путем перевода раствора, содержащего бактериофаги, в гелевую форму. Выполнены микробиологические и клинические исследования эффективности предложенного способа.Результаты. Подтверждена жизнеспособность бактериофагов в гелевой повязке в сроки до 4 сут и снижение вероятности развития местных инфекционных осложнений при кожной пластике.Заключение. Гелевая композиция, содержащая бактериофаги, позволяет оперативно реагировать на изменения актуальной  госпитальной микрофлоры и эффективно противодействовать  опасности нозокомиального инфицирования.

HARMONIC PROPORTIONS OF CHLOROPLAST NUMBER IN STOMATA OF GUARD CELL POPULATIONS IN SUGAR BEET (BETA VULGARIS L.)

The variability of chloroplast number and plastotype number in stomata guard cell populations was analyzed. Experiments were done with three types of plants: inbreed lines, a synthetic population and commercial heterosis hybrids. Chloroplast numbers in stomata guard cells of different plant groups are different: the greatest chloroplast number was recorded in inbred lines and triploid hybrid, and the smallest, in commercial  hybrids. The greatest number of plastotypes was observed in inbreed lines, and the smallest, in hybrids. The fractal dimension of stomata guard cell populations was used for characterization of tissue cells in sugar beet. It estimates in a logarithmic scale the ratio between the chloroplast number and plastotype number. In the samples studied, it varied from 1,17 to 1,23 in inbred lines and from 1,23 to 1,35 in commercial hybrids (average 1,272)

Problems and Peculiarities of Budgeting the Activities in Socially Oriented Non-profit Organizations

In the digital economy, the strengthening of the role of socially oriented non-profit organisations (NPOs) in addressing issues related to the harmonization of the social and economic aspects of society development, cannot be achieved without refocusing accounting on the solution of strategic tasks. An important tool of strategic planning and accounting in order to attract and monitor the use of earmarked funds — is budgeting, which had not been adequately reflected in the accounting activities of socially oriented NPOs. The organization of budgeting system in socially oriented non-profit organizations is based on the following characteristics: the problem of selection of calculation units; a high level of uncertainty of a profitable part of the budget, which is financed by revenues from basic and associate activities; the social orientation of the non-profit organizations, which defines the enhanced responsibility for performance and requires the clarification of the concept of operations results in itself. In the socially oriented NPO, the use of the result-oriented budgeting model, in which the expenditure of trust funds is administered in accordance with the principle of centralization on the one hand, and on the other hand, the objectives are achieved on the basis of the principles of decentralization, ensures planning, execution and monitoring of budget expenditures in direct connection with the specified, and achievable results. Under this model, the mobile annual budgets with a step equal to one month’s budgeting are used. Budget performance analysis aims to assess the quality of socially oriented non-profit organizations’ performance, which have a double-sided nature: on the one hand, the Organization’s efforts are evaluated, and on the other hand, the task force is evaluated. The effect of earmarked funds’ use becomes visible in subsequent reporting periods and is determined with regard to socially oriented NPOs within the society