Multifractal behaviour of the soil water content of a vineyard in northwest Spain during two growing seasons

Soil processes are characterized by a great degree of heterogeneity, which may be assessed by scaling properties. The aims of the current study were to describe the dynamics of soil water content at three depths in a vineyard under rain-fed and irrigation conditions and to assess the multifractality of these time data series. Frequency domain reflectometry (FDR) sensors were used for automatically monitoring soil water content in a vineyard located in Leiro (Ourense, northwest Spain). Data were registered at 30 min intervals at three depths (20, 40, and 60 cm) between 14 June and 26 August 2011 and 2012. Two treatments were considered: rain-fed and irrigation to 50 % crop evapotranspiration. Soil water content data series obeyed power laws and tended to behave as multifractals. Values for entropy (<i>D</i>₁) and correlation (<i>D</i>₂) dimensions were lower in the series from the irrigation treatment. The Hölder exponent of order zero (<i>α</i>₀) was similar between treatments; however, the widths of the singularity spectra, <i>f</i>(<i>α</i>), were greater under irrigation conditions. Multifractality indices slightly decreased with depth. These results suggest that singularity and Rényi spectra were useful for characterizing the time variability of soil water content, distinguishing patterns among series registered under rain-fed and irrigation treatments

Effects of irrigation over three years on the amino acid composition of Albariño (Vitis vinifera L) musts and wines in two different terroirs

Amino acids and ammonium are the main nitrogen sources for Saccharomyces cerevisiae and are necessary for the correct development of the alcoholic fermentation. These compounds are aroma precursors and, therefore, variations in their concentrations may influence wine quality. Irrigation might alter amino acid concentrations in grapes. In this context, the effect of irrigation on the amino acid profiles of the white grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) variety Albariño was studied over three consecutive vintages (2012, 2013 and 2014). The experiment was carried out in two vineyards included in two different Appellation of Origin (AOC) in NW Spain. Arginine was the most abundant amino acid found in Albariño musts. Irrigation did not alter the total concentration of amino acids in the must, but it did on certain amino acids, especially methionine. Wines from the different treatments showed similar concentrations of amino acids, except in 2013. Vintage had a strong effect on the amino acid content in musts, likely related to weather conditions.This study was financed by Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA) project RTA2011-00041-C02-01, with 80% FEDER funds. Y. Bouzas-Cid and E. Trigo-Córdoba thank INIA for their PhD. scholarships. J.M. Mirás-Avalos thanks Xunta de Galicia for his “Isidro Parga Pondal” contract. T. Garde-Cerdán also wishes to thank the Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)-Gobierno de La Rioja and European Social Fund for her doctoral contract.Peer reviewe

Valve thrombosis following transcatheter aortic valve implantation: a systematic review

Title in Spanish: Revisión sistemática de la trombosis protésica tras implante percutáneo de válvula aórtica. Abstract published in English and Spanish.Abstract not availableJuan G. Córdoba-Soriano, Rishi Puri, Ignacio Amat-Santos, Henrique B. Ribeiro, Omar Abdul-Jawad Altisent, María del Trigo, Jean-Michel Paradis, Eric Dumont, Marina Urena, Josep Rodés-Caba