Monitoring in social audit quality and accessibility of public services

Статья посвящена проблемам организации мониторинга качества и доступности государственных услуг. В работе приводятся результаты социологического опроса удовлетворенности населения Свердловской области качеством предоставления государственных и муниципальных услуг.The article is devoted to problems of organization of monitoring of quality and accessibility of public services. This work contains the results of the sociological survey of satisfaction of the population of Sverdlovsk region the quality of public and municipal services

Comparison of the efficiency of budget financing and the social security of a region

The article deals with theoretical and economic aspects of the “security” category and draws a distinction between philosophical, sociological, and economic approaches to the concept of social security. From the perspective of a system approach, the authors define the place of the region’s social security in ensuring national security. The article describes the theoretical content of the «social security» category and provides the authors’ specification for such terms as «social risks,» «danger,» and «threat.» The authors offer methodological tools to evaluate the region’s social security based on a complex assessment of the region’s socioeconomic and budget-financing indicators to identify the risks (deviations) and factors of inefficient financing. The proposed methodological approach is based on identifying the dependencies between the social and financial security of the region. The following indicators reflecting the social security level in the territory of residence were selected as estimated indicators: the region’s consolidated budget income and expenses, gross domestic product growth rates, natural population growth ratio, unemployment level, the share of the population with income below the subsistence minimum. This approach was tested by the example of the Perm Territory and Sverdlovsk Region revealing the regularities as well as favorable and unfavorable periods for the region’s social security. The obtained estimated indicators are ranked depending on the growth (fall) time lag, resilience, and sensitivity to budget financing. The assessment results show that the Perm Territory has been entering a deep recession in terms of national security since 2012. Similar tendencies are demonstrated by the Sverdlovsk Region; however, in view of the apparent diversity and dominant influence of the Perm Territory and the Sverdlovsk Region on the socioeconomic development of the Privolzhsky and Ural Federal Districts, respectively, the provided comparison is of scientific and practical interest

Human Papillomavirus Genotype Distribution in Czech Women and Men with Diseases Etiologically Linked to HPV

The HPV prevalence and genotype distribution are important for the estimation of the impact of HPV-based cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination on the incidence of diseases etiologically linked to HPVs. The HPV genotype distribution varies across different geographical regions. Therefore, we investigated the type-specific HPV prevalence in Czech women and men with anogenital diseases.We analyzed 157 squamous cell carcinoma samples, 695 precancerous lesion samples and 64 cervical, vulvar and anal condylomata acuminate samples. HPV detection and typing were performed by PCR with GP5+/6+ primers, reverse line blot assay and sequencing. samples. HPV types 6 and/or 11 were detected in 84% samples of condylomata acuminate samples.The prevalence of vaccinal and related HPV types in patients with HPV-associated diseases in the Czech Republic is very high. We may assume that the implementation of routine vaccination against HPV would greatly reduce the burden of HPV-associated diseases in the Czech Republic

Vaginal microbiota in bacterial vaginosis. Aspects of diagnosis and therapy

Bacterial vaginosis is a polymicrobial clinical syndrome characterized by the replacement of physiological Lactobacillus species with a spectrum of other microorganisms, mostly anaerobic. Numerous studies showed that key components of the vaginal microbiota in BV are Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae. A. vaginae are hard-to-culture bacteria whose involvement in BV has been described recently with the help of molecular methods. The article demonstrates that A. vaginae and G. vaginalis are responsible for the formation of biofilms on the vaginal epithelium. BV has a high recurrence rate, the main causes of which are presumably the resistance of BV-associated bacteria to antimicrobial agents and low susceptibility of biofilms to antibiotics

Actuarial evaluation of pension risks of Russia: From theory to practice

The article discusses the origins of the development of pension systems in the world, shows the causes of the emergence of various models of public pension provision. We pay a particular attention to the history of the formation of the Russian pension system, and analyse the stages and causes of modern reform. From the position of modern legislation, we systemise the forms, types of pension provision and pension insurance in the Russian Federation from the point of view of the sources of financing and subjects of pension relations. The authors have defined the concept of "actuarial evaluation" from the point of view of the process and system approach. We have revealed the content of the pension risk category, as well as classified the pension risks by the spheres of origin. The authors have developed the methodology of actuarial estimation of the risks of the pension system classified by different criteria: Demographic, economic, financial, labor risks. The proposed methodological approach to the evaluation of pension risks is based on the comprehensive assessment of socio-economic indicators and the identification of dependencies between socio-demographic and economic processes in the pension system and economy of the country. The authors have tested the developed tools on the actuarial estimation of the pension risks of the Russian Federation. The article presents the results of calculations and identifies critical risks for the Russian pension system. We have proved that stagnation processes in the economy and a high share of the shadow economy represent the greatest threat to the Russian pension system in the short term, whereas, the aging of the population and the increase in life expectancy - in the long term.Russian Science Foundation, RSF: 14–18–00574The research has been supported by the Grant of the Russian Science Foundation (the Project № 14–18–00574 “The information-analytical system “Anticrisis:” diagnostics of the regions, threat assessment and scenario forecasting for the preservation and strengthening of economic security and well-being of Russia)

Recurrent urogenital candidiasis: diagnosis and treatment

Vulvovaginal candidiasis is the most common manifestation of urogenital candidiasis. The disease is widespread among women of reproductive age. The disease recurs in 5-10% of cases. The article discusses the diagnosis and treatment of urogenital candidiasis with a focus on the problems of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis

Application of economic models to description of the regional insurance market

As is well-known, development of the insurance industry involves a number of factors, which are incidental in nature. In addition, the insurance market is substantially affected by macroeconomic indicators of social development. Thereby, relevance of the issues related to quantitative and qualitative changes on the insurance market and definition of laws of its development have been increased. Modeling and forecasting of the Russian insurance market are currently neglected, and works dedicated to development of regional insurance markets are mostly insufficient. The authors of the present paper offer the econometric models to describe the regional insurance market by the example of the Perm region

Actuarial evaluation of pension risks of Russia: From theory to practice

The article discusses the origins of the development of pension systems in the world, shows the causes of the emergence of various models of public pension provision. We pay a particular attention to the history of the formation of the Russian pension system, and analyse the stages and causes of modern reform. From the position of modern legislation, we systemise the forms, types of pension provision and pension insurance in the Russian Federation from the point of view of the sources of financing and subjects of pension relations. The authors have defined the concept of "actuarial evaluation" from the point of view of the process and system approach. We have revealed the content of the pension risk category, as well as classified the pension risks by the spheres of origin. The authors have developed the methodology of actuarial estimation of the risks of the pension system classified by different criteria: Demographic, economic, financial, labor risks. The proposed methodological approach to the evaluation of pension risks is based on the comprehensive assessment of socio-economic indicators and the identification of dependencies between socio-demographic and economic processes in the pension system and economy of the country. The authors have tested the developed tools on the actuarial estimation of the pension risks of the Russian Federation. The article presents the results of calculations and identifies critical risks for the Russian pension system. We have proved that stagnation processes in the economy and a high share of the shadow economy represent the greatest threat to the Russian pension system in the short term, whereas, the aging of the population and the increase in life expectancy - in the long term.Рассмотрены истоки становления пенсионных систем в мире. Показаны причины возникновения различных моделей государственного пенсионного обеспечения. Отражена история формирования российской пенсионной системы. Проанализированы этапы и причины современного реформирования. Проведена классификация пенсионных рисков по сферам возникновения. Разработан методический аппарат актуарного оценивания рисков пенсионной системы с разбивкой по различным критериям.The research has been supported by the Grant of the Russian Science Foundation (the Project No. 14-18-00574 The information-analytical system Anticrisis: diagnostics of the regions, threat assessment and scenario forecasting for the preservation and stre