2,134 research outputs found
Effects of Instanton Induced Interaction on the Pentaquarks
Roles of instanton induced interactions (III) in the masses of pentaquark
baryons, Theta^+ (J=1/2 and 3/2) and Xi^{--}, and a dibaryon, H, are discussed
using the MIT bag model in the negative parity case. It is shown that the
two-body terms in III give a strong attraction mainly due to the increase of
the number of pairs in multi-quark systems. In contrast, the three-body u-d-s
interaction is repulsive. It is found that III lowers the mass of Theta^+ as
much as 100 MeV from the mass predicted by the bag model without III.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figure
Web-Based Personalized Nutrition System for Delivering Dietary Feedback Based on Behavior Change Techniques: Development and Pilot Study among Dietitians
Given the complex and varied nature of individual characteristics influencing dietary behaviors, personalized dietary advice may be more effective than generalized “one-size-fits-all” advice. In this paper, we describe a web-based personalized nutrition system for improving the quality of overall diet in the general adult population. The development process included identification of appropriate behavior change techniques, modification of dietary assessment method (Meal-based Diet History Questionnaire; MDHQ), selection of dietary components, and a personalized dietary feedback tool. A pilot study was conducted online among 255 dietitians. Each completed the MDHQ, received his/her own dietary feedback report, and evaluated the relevance of the report based on 12 questions using a 5-point Likert scale from “totally disagree” (score 1) to “totally agree” (score 5). The mean value of overall acceptability score of dietary feedback report was 4.2. The acceptability score was, on average, higher in plausible energy reporters (compared with implausible energy reporters), participants who printed out the report (compared with those who did not), and those spending ≥20 min to read the report (compared with those spending <20 min). This is the first attempt to develop a web-based personalized nutrition system in Japan, where dietitians were broadly supportive of the dietary feedback report
GZK photons as UHECR above 10 eV
"GZK photons" are produced by extragalactic nucleons through the resonant
photoproduction of pions. We present the expected range of the GZK photon
fraction of UHECR, assuming a particular UHECR spectrum and primary nucleons,
and compare it with the minimal photon fraction predicted by Top-Down models.Comment: Talk given at TAUP2005, Sept. 10-14 2005, Zaragoza (Spain); 3 pages,
2 figure
Effect of Shear Flow on the Stability of Domains in Two Dimensional Phase-Separating Binary Fluids
We perform a linear stability analysis of extended domains in
phase-separating fluids of equal viscosity, in two dimensions. Using the
coupled Cahn-Hilliard and Stokes equations, we derive analytically the
stability eigenvalues for long wavelength fluctuations. In the quiescent state
we find an unstable varicose mode which corresponds to an instability towards
coarsening. This mode is stabilized when an external shear flow is imposed on
the fluid. The effect of the shear is seen to be qualitatively similar to that
found in experiments.Comment: 13 pages, RevTeX, 8 eps figures included. Submitted to Phys. Rev.
Computer simulations of domain growth and phase separation in two-dimensional binary immiscible fluids using dissipative particle dynamics
We investigate the dynamical behavior of binary fluid systems in two
dimensions using dissipative particle dynamics. We find that following a
symmetric quench the domain size R(t) grows with time t according to two
distinct algebraic laws R(t) = t^n: at early times n = 1/2, while for later
times n = 2/3. Following an asymmetric quench we observe only n = 1/2, and if
momentum conservation is violated we see n = 1/3 at early times. Bubble
simulations confirm the existence of a finite surface tension and the validity
of Laplace's law. Our results are compared with similar simulations which have
been performed previously using molecular dynamics, lattice-gas and
lattice-Boltzmann automata, and Langevin dynamics. We conclude that dissipative
particle dynamics is a promising method for simulating fluid properties in such
systems.Comment: RevTeX; 22 pages, 5 low-resolution figures. For full-resolution
figures, connect to http://www.tcm.phy.cam.ac.uk/~ken21/tension/tension.htm
Food combination questionnaire for Japanese: relative validity regarding food and nutrient intake and overall diet quality against the 4-day weighed dietary record
Relative validity of the online Meal-based Diet History Questionnaire for evaluating the overall diet quality and quality of each meal type in Japanese adults
Upper limit on the ultra-high-energy photon flux from AGASA and Yakutsk data
We present the interpretation of the muon and scintillation signals of
ultra-high-energy air showers observed by AGASA and Yakutsk extensive air
shower array experiments. We consider case-by-case ten highest energy events
with known muon content and conclude that at the 95% confidence level (C.L.)
none of them was induced by a primary photon. Taking into account statistical
fluctuations and differences in the energy estimation of proton and photon
primaries, we derive an upper limit of 36% at 95% C.L. on the fraction of
primary photons in the cosmic-ray flux above 10^20 eV. This result disfavors
the Z-burst and superheavy dark-matter solutions to the GZK-cutoff problem.Comment: revtex, 8 pages, 4 figure
- …