RESEARCH STUDY ON COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE FEATURES OF SOCIAL SPHERE SPECIALISTS

Purpose of the study: To study the ways to increase the communicative competence of social sphere specialists, aimed at the formation of professional and personal qualities, communicative skills, and development of professional interest and success. Methodology: Some theoretical and empirical research methods are used: analysis of publications in social work, normative documentation on the research issue; diagnostic methods: questioning, testing, interviews; experimental methods: ascertaining, forming, and control stages of the experiment; stating, forming and control stages of the experiment; methods of statistical processing of research results. Main Findings: The main results of the study showed that the modern practice of successful organization of social service activities requires a thoughtful approach. The head, together with the full-time psychologist, should monitor the communicative competence of the specialists working at this service and timely organize the work to overcome the manifestations of professional burnout of specialists and prevent their professional deformation. The significance of the influence of active teaching methods on interpersonal communication has allowed us to develop and test several practically effective teaching methods that increase the effectiveness of interaction with others in professional communication. Applications of this study: This study reveals the possibilities of improving the communicative competence of the specialists working at social service departments in modern conditions of systematic emotional overload when performing their professional duties. This theme is quite relevant for the activities of any service within “person to person” interaction, especially a social one, having its specifics and directed at helping a person facing a social problem. Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this study is in justifying the need for organizing activities to improve the communicative competence of social service specialists using modern socio-psychological developments. In the modern practice of holding social work, this component is often overlooked, which subsequently leads to frequent conflicts among social service employees and recipients of social services, a gradual loss of interest in the work performed, and, as a result, its indifferent fulfilment

Master Education and Academic Career Track in Russia

The master’s degree is an obligatory stage for those who are planning to enter PhD. That is why it should have a clear academic track. Embedding the master’s degree in the academic track allows universities to sum up their efforts to support young scientists. There is an urgent need to support scientific centers in Russian universities. When the universities are competing for academic leadership, academic tracks become the ground for the development strategies.Previous researches showed that most students were ready to choose an academic track when they were master’s students. Thus, the academic track starts long before entering the doctoral programs. The study results reveal that master’s students do not have an opportunity to build an individual academic track within “hybrid” master’s programs. The Russian master’s degree programs shortly involve young researchers in projects, and this applies to all types of universities, including the research ones. The structure and ways of involving students in science do not differ in undergraduate and postgraduate programs. Master’s students who choose academic track do it without changing the major program. However, this trend doesn’t cover all the students. Master’s students use academic tracks to upgrade their professional skills for the further career but not at university or scientific institution

Моделирование профилактических и защитных мер от инсайдерской угрозы

Проведено исследование эффективных мер по предотвращению саботажа на ядерных объектах и хищения радиационных материалов. В исследовании используются эффективные превентивные и защитные меры, которые были реализованы в институте, чтобы показать надежность гипотетического объекта. Цепи Маркова, которые представляют собой комбинацию вероятностей и матричных операций, моделируют превентивные и защитные меры на гипотетической ядерной установке. Результаты реализуются в процессе оценки реализованных стратегий. Некоторые из процессов оценки включают разработанные алгоритмы предотвращения длительных и / или внезапных краж, саботажа и сговора между внутренними нарушителями. Следовательно, эффективность превентивных и защитных мер против злоумышленников также зависит от эффективности процесса оценки, проводимого экспертами

Neuromuscular disorders in chronic alcohol intoxication

The paper reviews the present-day Russian and foreign literature on neuromuscular disorders in chronic alcohol intoxication. The most common manifestations of alcohol disease include alcoholic polyneuropathy (PNP) and alcohol-induced skeletal muscle injury. The clinical polymorphism of alcoholic PNP is discussed. The paper considers a chronic sensory automatic form due to the direct toxic effects of ethanol and its metabolites during long-term alcohol intoxication, as well as acute/subacute sensorimotor neuropathy, the basis for the pathogenesis of which is B group vitamins, predominantly thiamine, deficiency that develops in the presence of drinking bouts concurrent with malnutrition and/or alcohol-related gastrointestinal tract diseases. In addition to nonuse of alcohol and a properly balanced diet, antioxidant therapy with alphalipoic acid and neurotropic B group vitamins is considered to be pathogenetic therapy for neuropathy. The most common and least studied clinicalform of alcohol-induced musculoskeletal injury is chronic alcoholic myopathy (AM), the diagnostic standard for which is morphometricand immunohistochemical examination of a muscle biopsy specimen. The morphological base for this form of myopathy is predominantly type 2 muscle fiber atrophy caused by impaired protein synthesis and a decreased regenerative potential of muscle fiber. The efficacy of antioxidants and leucine-containing amino acid mixtures in the treatment of chronic AM is discussed

ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION, AND ASSESSMENT OF CYTOTOXICITY OF ISOFLAVONES DERIVED FROM KUDZU ROOT AND SOY MOLASSES

We acknowledge the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation, Grant No.20-66-47017

Аминирование эпоксидов как удобный способ синтеза липофильных полиаминов

Objectives. Alkylated derivatives of polyamines are able to block the growth of cancer cells due to their embedding into the polyamine biosynthesis mechanisms. The study aimed to synthesize lipophilic derivatives of norspermine or triethylenetetramine based on the formation of a C–N bond during the opening of the oxirane ring by primary amines to expand a number of synthetic polyamine derivatives with antitumor activity.Methods. The starting compounds—glycidol alcoholate or epichlorohydrin—were reacted with hexadecyl bromide or sodium hexadecanolate to give glycidyl hexadecyl ether. The key reaction for the preparation of lipophilic polyamines was the amination of lipophilic epoxides with polyamines in the presence of calcium triflate. Acylation of the hydroxyl group formed during the opening of oxirane was carried out by the action of 4-dimethylaminopyridine and acetic anhydride. The introduction of an alkyl substituent in the presence of sodium hydride led to intramolecular cyclization with the formation of an oxoazolidine cycle. The regioselectivity of the oxirane ring opening reaction at the C(1) position of glycerol was confirmed by two-dimensional heteronuclear {1H,13C} nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Results. An approach to the synthesis of novel lipophilic polyamines based on the catalytic amination of epoxides was developed and tested. Compounds based on norspermine and triethylentetramine containing a hydroxyl group at the C(2) atom of the glycerin backbone were obtained. For norspermine derivatives, the hydroxyl group was modified: an acetyl substituent was introduced and a derivative containing an oxoazolidine cycle was obtained.Conclusions. The obtained lipophilic polyamines can be considered as potential antitumor agents, for which cytotoxicity against various cancer cells will be evaluated in the future.Цели. Алкилированные производные полиаминов способны блокировать рост раковых клеток за счет встраивания в механизмы биосинтеза полиаминов. Цель исследования – синтезировать новые липофильные производные норспермина или триэтилентетрамина, основанные на формировании связи C–N при раскрытии оксиранового кольца первичными аминами, для расширения ряда синтетических производных полиаминов, обладающих противоопухолевой активностью.Методы. Исходные соединения – алкоголят глицидола или эпихлоргидрин – вводили во взаимодействие с гексадецилбромидом или гексадецилатом натрия, получая гексадецилглицидиловый эфир. Ключевой реакцией получения липофильных полиаминов являлось аминирование липофильных эпоксидов полиаминами в присутствии трифлата кальция. Ацилирование гидроксильной группы, образовавшейся в ходе раскрытия оксирана, проводили действием 4-диметиламинопиридина и уксусного ангидрида. Введение алкилильного заместителя в присутствии гидрида натрия приводило к внутримолекулярной циклизации с образованием оксоазолидинового цикла. Региоселективность реакции раскрытия оксиранового цикла по C(1) положению глицерина подтверждали двумерной гетероядерной {1H,13C} спектроскопией ядерного магнитного резонанса.Результаты. Разработан и апробирован подход к синтезу новых липофильных полиаминов, основанный на каталитическом аминирование эпоксидов. Получены соединения на основе норспермина и триэтилентетрамина, содержащие гидроксильную группу при С(2) атоме глицеринового остова. Для производных норспермина проведена модификация гидроксильной группы: введен ацетильный заместитель и получено производное, содержащее оксоазолидиновый цикл.Выводы. Полученные липофильные полиамины можно рассматривать как потенциальные противоопухолевые агенты, для которых в дальнейшем будет проведена оценка цитотоксичности против различных раковых клеток

Prevention of dementia in the elderly using cognitive stimulation

The article deals with the growth of the share of elderly and the elderly people in the total population. In this regard, there is a high prevalence of dementia, which is an urgent medical and social problem for society, as well as for the family of an elderly person. Therefore, there is a need for earlier prevention of dementia in the elderly using the method of cognitive stimulationВ статье рассмотрены вопросы роста доли пожилых и престарелых людей в общей численности населения. В связи, с чем наблюдается высокая распространенность деменций, что является актуальной медицинской и социальной проблемой для общества, а также для семьи пожилого человека. Поэтому возникла необходимость в более ранней профилактике деменций у лиц пожилого возраста с помощью метода когнитивной стимуляции