Degeneracy in exotic gravitational lensing

We present three different theoretically foreseen, but unusual, astrophysical situations where the gravitational lens equation ends up being the same, thus producing a degeneracy problem. These situations are (a) the case of gravitational lensing by exotic stresses (matter violating the weak energy condition and thus having a negative mass, particular cases of wormholes solutions can be used as an example), (b) scalar field gravitational lensing (i.e. when considering the appearance of a scalar charge in the lensing scenario), and (c) gravitational lensing in closed universes (with antipodes).The reasons that lead to this degeneracy in the lens equations, the possibility of actually encountering it in the real universe, and eventually the ways to break it, are discussed.Comment: Accepted for publication in Modern Physics Letters

Comment on "Clock Shift in High Field Magnetic Resonance of Atomic Hydrogen"

In this Comment, we reanalyze the experiments on the collision frequency shift of the b-c and a-d hyperfine transitions in three-dimensional atomic hydrogen in the presence of, respectively, a and b-state atoms. Accurate consideration of the symmetry of the spatial and spin part of the diatomic wavefunction yields the difference a_T-a_S=0.30(5) \AA between the triplet and singlet s-wave scattering lengths of hydrogen atoms. This corrects the factor-of two error of the commented work [Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 263003 (2008)].Comment: 1 pag

Semantics and functioning of syntactic constructions in the mass media language

The article is devoted to the debating point of the complex sentence syntactic theory, its most vulnerable part - the class of phraseologizated constructions (sentences of idiomatic structure) and their functional-communicative status in the publicistic style as one of the significant registers. The new interpretation of phraseological models indicating intensive-consecutive relations according to three parameters - semantic, expressive and nominative is described in the article. The investigation of the phrase models' structural-semantic and functional-stylistic peculiarities with intensity semantics brings out main tendencies in the modern mass media language: formal and semantic unification inter alia as a result of the phraseological units use in the corpus of studied structures, confusion and coexistence of literary and conversational often special colloquial vocabulary, dominance of negative public responses and the modern environment value system which are presented at the lexical and grammatical level

Segmentation and measurement of lung pathological changes for COVID-19 diagnosis based on computed tomography

Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) spread internationally in early 2020, resulting from an existential health disaster. Automatic detecting of pulmonary infections based on computed tomography (CT) images has a huge potential for enhancing the traditional healthcare strategy for treating COVID-19. CT imaging is essential for diagnosis, the process of assessment, and the staging of COVID-19 infection. The detection in association with computed tomography faces many problems, including the high variability, and low density between the infection and normal tissues. Processing is used to solve a variety of diagnostic tasks, including highlighting and contrasting things of interest while taking color-coding into account. In addition, an evaluation is carried out using the relevant criteria for determining the alterations nature and improving a visibility of pathological changes and an accuracy of the X-ray diagnostic report. It is proposed that pre-processing methods for a series of dynamic images be used for these objectives. The lungs are segmented and parts of probable disease are identified using the wavelet transform and the Otsu threshold value. Delta maps and maps created with the Shearlet transform that have contrasting color coding are used to visualize and select features (markers). The efficiency of the suggested combination of approaches for investigating the variability of the internal geometric features (markers) of the object of interest in the photographs is demonstrated by analyzing the experimental and clinical material done in the work. The suggested system indicated that the total average coefficient obtained 97.64% regarding automatic and manual infection sectors, while the Jaccard similarity coefficient achieved 96.73% related to the segmentation of tumor and region infected by COVID-19

Dysfunction of the meibomian glands in patients with diabetes mellitus

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus has increased in recent decades. The most common ophthalmic manifestations of diabetes mellitus are retinopathy, epitheliopathies, corneal erosion and dry eye syndrome, the symptoms of which are more pronounced than in people without diabetes. The meibomian glands, which are the producer of various lipids, participate in the formation of the lipid layer of the tear film, which prevents the evaporation of the water-mucin phase and ensures the preservation of homeostasis of the ocular surface. Meibum is a lipid-rich secret produced by fully differentiated meibocytes. Impaired insulin secretion, insulin resistance, absolute insulin deficiency, as well as hyperglycemia, potentiate the development of oxidative stress and a cascade of metabolic changes, leading to a change in the anatomical and functional state of the meibomian glands, which affects the qualitative and quantitative secretion. Cytological abnormalities, as well as the structure of the excretory ducts of the meibomian glands in patients with long-term diabetes mellitus, were established using the method of laser scanning microscopy. Using the method of mass spectrometry, it is possible to determine the patterns of changes in the chemical composition of meibum in patients with diabetes mellitus. The data obtained can become one of the criteria for predicting the course, reflect the degree of compensation and / or progression of diabetes mellitus

A Study of Influences to Give to Management of International Financial Reporting Standards : Example Analysis of Goodwill and Other Comprehensive Income

© Journal of Language and Literature. The article is focused on the category of comparison in Russian and Tatar linguocultures and is carried out within the framework of modern scientific approach in linguistics. The comparison is considered as the functional-semantic category having its specific meaning, representation means of different levels and a field structure. In grammar of Russian and Tatar languages the comparison semantics is expressed by linguistic units of different levels: conjunctions and postpositions, prepositional case-forms of a noun and affixes, 'metawords'. The comparison items of studied languages have both universal and unique features and are of great value for the identification of some linguistic world-image peculiarities of Russian and Tatar ethnos

Written records of the Kazan region of the xvi century: Historical, lexicological and lexicographical aspects

© Journal of Language and Literature. This article presents historical and lexical research and lexicographic description of written records materials of the Kazan region of the XVI century. The article shows the process of formation and development of Russian historical lexicography; analyzes classifications of historical dictionaries, formed on different basis; determines historical and lexicological informational content of written records of the Kazan region of the XVI century. It also considers methods and technics of studying written records of the Russian language: examined documents, related to the Kazan region of the XVI century, differ in their variety of genres and represent written business records showing administrative and managerial activity of the government, its local and central institutions and regulating legal relations among society members. Analyzed written records are of great value as a source of toponymy; their materials help to retrieve history of villages of the region, establish the fact of existence of certain toponyms and follow their connection with modern geographical names

Comparison in russian and tatar linguocultures: Systemic functional and comparative analysis

© Journal of Language and Literature. The article is focused on the category of comparison in Russian and Tatar linguocultures and is carried out within the framework of modern scientific approach in linguistics. The comparison is considered as the functional-semantic category having its specific meaning, representation means of different levels and a field structure. In grammar of Russian and Tatar languages the comparison semantics is expressed by linguistic units of different levels: conjunctions and postpositions, prepositional case-forms of a noun and affixes, 'metawords'. The comparison items of studied languages have both universal and unique features and are of great value for the identification of some linguistic world-image peculiarities of Russian and Tatar ethnos