Decisin support system for risk assessment and management of floods

The objective of the RAMFLOOD project is to develop and validate a new decision support system (DSS) for the risk assessment and management of emergency scenarios due to severe floods. The DSS combines environmental and geo-physical data from earth observation, with advanced computer simulation and graphical visualisation methods and artificial intelligence techniques, for generating knowledge contributing to the risk prevention of floods and the design of effective response actions maximising the safety of infrastructures and human life

Optimization of coupled advanced oxidation processes and activated carbons for purification of salt water

Photocatalysis, ozonation and activated carbons were investigated separately and in combination as tools for the purification of polluted salt water. Coupling different processes enables to overcome many drawbacks related to the use of the single technologies and at the same time to exploit possible synergistic effects. In this work a kinetic analysis was performed for modelling the degradation of 4-nitrophenol (4NP) as a probe pollutant molecule in synthetic seawater. Thus, the optimum synergistic conditions of the three processes acting together were determined and discussed

Accumulation of rare earth elements in common vine leaves is achieved through extraction from soil and transport in the xylem sap

Rare Earth Elements play a critical role in current clean technologies but face scarcity and environmental challenges in their extraction. Using semi-natural controlled experiments, we tested the ability of V. vinifera L. to accumulate Rare Earth Elements naturally present in the soil. We demonstrate that V. vinifera L. passively transports all Rare Earth Elements from soil to leaves via Xylem-sap mirroring soil conditions. Since this process starts from the fifth month of V. vinifera L. growth without damaging the crops, we. estimate that it is possible to recover 900 milligrams of Rare Earth Elements per hectares from vineyard without harvesting the whole plant. We propose the direct extraction of Rare Earth Elements from leaves overcoming unstainable biomass burning yielding environmental and economic benefits.The pathway for the accumulation of rare earth elements in Vitis vinifera L. leaves is extraction from vineyard soils and subsequent transport in the xylem sap, suggests a semi-natural controlled experiment

Sistemas de ayuda a la decisión en ingeniería civil. posibilidades y perspectivas

La eclosión de las Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones (TIC), y en particular de Internet, ha facilitado el desarrollo de sistemas que, apoyados por bases de datos y potentes programas de simulación, transforman la información que existe en relación con un problema concreto, en conocimiento que permite tomar decisiones para su solución. Los denominados Sistemas de Ayuda a la Decisión (SAD) son ya una realidad en múltiples áreas de la ingeniería. En este trabajo se analizan las posibilidades y perspectivas de los SAD en ingeniería civil y se presentan tres ejemplos concretos de su aplicación a la prevención del riesgo de inundaciones y a la gestión de las emergencias correspondientes, al diseño de instalaciones en proyectos urbanísticos y a la gestión energética en municipios