90 research outputs found
Spin-Dependent Mass Enhancement under Magnetic Field in the Periodic Anderson Model
In order to study the mechanism of the mass enhancement in heavy fermion
compounds in the presence of magnetic field, we study the periodic Anderson
model using the fluctuation exchange approximation. The resulting value of the
mass enhancement factor z^{-1} can become up to 10, which is significantly
larger than that in the single-band Hubbard model. We show that the difference
between the magnitude of the mass enhancement factor of up spin (minority spin)
electrons z^{-1}_up and that of down spin (majority spin) electrons z^{-1}_down
increases by the applied magnetic field B//z, which is consistent with de
Haas-van Alphen measurements for CeCoIn_5, CeRu_2Si_2 and CePd_2Si_2. We
predict that z^{-1}_up >z^{-1}_down in many Ce compounds, whereas z^{-1}_up <
z^{-1}_down in Yb compounds.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Phase separation and suppression of critical dynamics at quantum transitions of itinerant magnets: MnSi and (SrCa)RuO
Quantum phase transitions (QPTs) have been studied extensively in correlated
electron systems. Characterization of magnetism at QPTs has, however, been
limited by the volume-integrated feature of neutron and magnetization
measurements and by pressure uncertainties in NMR studies using powderized
specimens. Overcoming these limitations, we performed muon spin relaxation
(SR) measurements which have a unique sensitivity to volume fractions of
magnetically ordered and paramagnetic regions, and studied QPTs from itinerant
heli/ferro magnet to paramagnet in MnSi (single-crystal; varying pressure) and
(SrCa)RuO (ceramic specimens; varying ). Our results
provide the first clear evidence that both cases are associated with
spontaneous phase separation and suppression of dynamic critical behavior,
revealed a slow but dynamic character of the ``partial order'' diffuse spin
correlations in MnSi above the critical pressure, and, combined with other
known results in heavy-fermion and cuprate systems, suggest a possibility that
a majority of QPTs involve first-order transitions and/or phase separation.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, 21 authors, to appear in Nature Physic
Strong magnetic instability in correlated metal Bi2Ir2O7
The interplay of spin-orbit interactions and electronic correlations
dominates the physical properties of pyrochlore iridates, R2Ir2O7 (R = Y, rare
earth element), which are typically magnetic insulators. We report an
experimental/theoretical study of single-crystal Bi2Ir2O7 where substitutions
of Bi for R sensitively tips the balance between competing interactions so as
to favor a metallic state with a strongly exchange enhanced paramagnetism. The
ground state is characterized by the following features: (1) A divergent
low-temperature magnetic susceptibility that indicates no long-range order down
to 50 mK; (2) strongly field-dependent coefficients of the low-temperature T-
and T3-terms of the specific heat; (3) a conspicuously large Wilson ratio R_W
\approx 53.5; and (4) unusual temperature and field dependences of the Hall
resistivity that abruptly change below 80 K, without any clear correlation with
the magnetic behavior. All these unconventional properties suggest the
existence of an exotic ground state in Bi2Ir2O7
Adaptation of the Landau-Migdal Quasiparticle Pattern to Strongly Correlated Fermi Systems
A quasiparticle pattern advanced in Landau's first article on Fermi liquid
theory is adapted to elucidate the properties of a class of strongly correlated
Fermi systems characterized by a Lifshitz phase diagram featuring a quantum
critical point (QCP) where the density of states diverges. The necessary
condition for stability of the Landau Fermi Liquid state is shown to break down
in such systems, triggering a cascade of topological phase transitions that
lead, without symmetry violation, to states with multi-connected Fermi
surfaces. The end point of this evolution is found to be an exceptional state
whose spectrum of single-particle excitations exhibits a completely flat
portion at zero temperature. Analysis of the evolution of the temperature
dependence of the single-particle spectrum yields results that provide a
natural explanation of classical behavior of this class of Fermi systems in the
QCP region.Comment: 26 pages, 14 figures. Dedicated to 100th anniversary of A.B.Migdal
birthda
High-Field Fermi Surface Properties in the Low Carrier Heavy Fermion Compound URu2Si2
We performed the Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) experiments of the low carrier heavy
fermion compound URu2Si2 at high fields up to 34T and at low temperatures down
to 30mK. All main SdH branches named alpha, beta and gamma were observed for
all the measured field-directions (H // [001] -> [100], [100] -> [110] and
[001] -> [110]), indicating that these are attributed to the closed Fermi
surfaces with nearly spherical shapes. Anomalous split of branch alpha was
detected for the field along the basal plane, and the split immediately
disappears by tilting the field to [001] direction, implying a fingerprint of
the hidden order state. High field experiments reveal the complicated
field-dependence of the SdH frequencies and the cyclotron masses due to the
Zeeman spin-splitting associated with the Fermi surface reconstruction in the
hidden order state with small carrier numbers. A new SdH branch named omega
with large cyclotron mass of 25m0 was detected at high fields above 23T close
to the hidden order instabilities.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in J. Phys. Soc. Jp
Overview of the instrumentation for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument
The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) embarked on an ambitious 5 yr survey in 2021 May to explore the nature of dark energy with spectroscopic measurements of 40 million galaxies and quasars. DESI will determine precise redshifts and employ the baryon acoustic oscillation method to measure distances from the nearby universe to beyond redshift z > 3.5, and employ redshift space distortions to measure the growth of structure and probe potential modifications to general relativity. We describe the significant instrumentation we developed to conduct the DESI survey. This includes: a wide-field, 3.°2 diameter prime-focus corrector; a focal plane system with 5020 fiber positioners on the 0.812 m diameter, aspheric focal surface; 10 continuous, high-efficiency fiber cable bundles that connect the focal plane to the spectrographs; and 10 identical spectrographs. Each spectrograph employs a pair of dichroics to split the light into three channels that together record the light from 360–980 nm with a spectral resolution that ranges from 2000–5000. We describe the science requirements, their connection to the technical requirements, the management of the project, and interfaces between subsystems. DESI was installed at the 4 m Mayall Telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory and has achieved all of its performance goals. Some performance highlights include an rms positioner accuracy of better than 0.″1 and a median signal-to-noise ratio of 7 of the [O ii] doublet at 8 × 10−17 erg s−1 cm−2 in 1000 s for galaxies at z = 1.4–1.6. We conclude with additional highlights from the on-sky validation and commissioning, key successes, and lessons learned
High sensitivity magnetometer for measuring the isotropic and anisotropic magnetisation of small samples
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