Surrogate Models and Mixtures of Experts in Aerodynamic Performance Prediction for Mission Analysis

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/140436/1/6.2014-2301.pd

Hostility, Anger and Risk of Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis

Introduction: The previous researches about the etiology of coronary artery atherosclerosis have accentuated on clinical and medical risk factors, such as cigarette smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, positive family background, myocardial ischemia history in family, atherogenic diet, increase of A lipoprotein, inflammatory factors such as increase of cross-reactive protein and so on. Although factors in behavioral medicine are recognized as an independent risk factor in coronary artery atherosclerosis, few researches have been done on hostility and anger. The aim of this study was to determine the difference between normal people(Control group) and people with coronary artery atherosclerosis(Case group) with regards to hostility and anger. Methods: This study was performed as a case-control design. Data was collected from seventy-seven patients with coronary artery atherosclerosis who had referred to Afshar Hospital Professional Heart Clinic in Yazd city and seventy-eight normal people were used as control. Two groups completed the Buss and Perry Aggression Questionnaire(BPAQ) to measure their hostility and anger. Results: The results of the analysis showed that there was a statistically significant difference regarding hostility(p<.05) and anger(p<.001) between the two groups. Hierarchical multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the sociodemographic and clinical variables(step 1) explained 35.5 % to 47.4%, while hostility and anger(step 2) explained 6.7% to 9% of the variance in incidence of coronary artery atherosclerosis. Conclusion: Hostility and anger are strong risk factors for coronary artery atherosclerosis or CAD in Iran. Therefore, in order to decrease the incidence rate of coronary artery atherosclerosis in Iran, alongside medical interventions, attention should also be paid towards behavioral interventions in order to modify hostile and angrily behavior

A Survey of Relationship between Self-esteem and Social Anxiety among Undergraduate Students

The experience of anxiety by undergraduate students has negative effects on their academic performance and on their mental health and professional performance later. In recent years, researchers and clinicians have increasingly come to understand the etiology, prevalence and broad impacts of social anxiety disorder (or social phobia as it was called in DSM-III-R) on the individual. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between self-esteem and social anxiety among undergraduate students. This survey was conducted through cross-sectional method. The data were collected from 220 students of Yazd University in seven educational groups (between 23 October and 23 November 2006). These students were selected through proportional stratified sampling. They responded to Standardized Scales of Rosenberg's Self-esteem Scale (RSES) and Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN). The results revealed significant difference among students with different levels of self-esteem concerning to "social anxiety" (p<0.05), in general, and with regard to "fear of people with authority" (p<0.01), in particular. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis confirmed that the self-esteem explained 16.1% of the variance in social anxiety. In contrast, there was negative correlation between self-esteem, self-assessment and social anxiety, in general and with fear of authoritative persons, in particular. Thus, with an increase of students' scores on the self-esteem scale, the students' scores on the social phobia inventory decreased

Relationship between Social Networks and the Recovery Rate in Patients with Coronary Heart Disorder after Heart By-pass Surgery

Introduction: One important problem, regarding patients who undergo bypass surgery, is insufficient recovery after surgery. Delayed surgical recovery leads to some negative clinical, psychological, and economic consequences for both the patients and providers of medical care services. The current research was conducted to determine the relationship between social networks and the recovery rate of cardiovascular patients after the heart bypass surgery. Methods: This study was conducted as a quantitative cross-sectional research. The sample population includes cardiac patients who underwent heart bypass surgery at least one week before. The instruments of data collections were Berckman and Sim’s social network index (BSSNI) and an author-made questionnaire on recovery rate. Results: There was a statistically significant difference among patients with quick and slow recoveries, concerning the social networks (P<0.01). Conclusion: Patients making quick recovery had wider social network compared to those making slow recovery. The findings indicated that a social network is an influential factor in social and behavioral interferences aiming at increasing recovery rate of cardiovascular patients after heart bypass surgery

Impact of Social Class on Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient\'s Perception of Illness Symptoms & Pain

The aim of this study was to determine the impact of social class on the patient's perception of illness symptoms and pain, in framework of the Leventhal's Self-Regulatory Model (SRM) of illness behavior. To this aim, the study was performed through a periodic survey. Data were collected from 146 patients with confirmed rheumatoid arthritis who referred to two centers providing RA care. The data gathering instrument used was Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised (IPQ-R). The results showed significant differences among patients with different class origin regarding illness perception. In addition to, the comparisons among patient's responses to 10 dimensions of illness perception also showed significant differences among three social classes regarding three dimensions of illness perception, i.e. treatment control, illness coherence and personal control. The results of hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that settlement location in step 1, insurance status and times of reference to physician in step 2, and social class in step 3, explained for %4.5, %17.9, and %2.6 of the variance in illness perception

Public awareness and attitudes towards epilepsy in Tehran, Iran

Background: Epilepsy is a prototypical, stigmatised disorder. Numerous studies have been conducted regarding the public perception of epilepsy, but they are primarily from high-income western countries; few studies have taken place in low-to middle-income countries with a traditional culture and a religious orientation. Objective: The public knowledge and attitudes towards epilepsy in Tehran, Iran, is studied. Design: A survey of 800 subjects ranging from 18 to 85 years was randomly chosen from households in Tehran in 2009. The questionnaire used was based on the Caveness and Gallup's studies conducted in the United States in 1949 and it has been used in numerous similar studies all over the world. The mean age of the participants was 37.5 years and 46.7% were female. Pearson's Chi-squared test was used for subgroup analyses. Results: The majority of subjects cited brain disorders as a cause of epilepsy, while 17% indicated the will of God as the cause. Most individuals were willing to work with a person with epilepsy, allow their children to play with a child with epilepsy, and allow people with epilepsy to use public transportation (78-82%). However, only 28% were willing to accept the marriage of a family member to someone with epilepsy. Conclusion: The knowledge and attitudes towards epilepsy are similar to those in Europe, with the exception of a much lower acceptance regarding marriage to a person with epilepsy. However, the low acceptance for marrying someone with epilepsy reveals the remaining misconceptions about the nature of epilepsy in Iran, despite the high educational level in the studied population. Therefore, informational efforts must be employed to change the perception of epilepsy