15,583 research outputs found
The out-equilibrium 2D Ising spin glass: almost, but not quite, a free-field theory
We consider the spatial correlation function of the two-dimensional Ising
spin glass under out-equilibrium conditions. We pay special attention to the
scaling limit reached upon approaching zero temperature. The field-theory of a
non-interacting field makes a surprisingly good job at describing the spatial
shape of the correlation function of the out-equilibrium Edwards-Anderson Ising
model in two dimensions.Comment: 20 pages + 5 Figure
The observable effects of a photospheric component on GRB's and XRF's prompt emission spectrum
A thermal radiative component is likely to accompany the first stages of the
prompt emission of Gamma-ray bursts (GRB's) and X-ray flashes (XRF's). We
analyze the effect of such a component on the observable spectrum, assuming
that the observable effects are due to a dissipation process occurring below or
near the thermal photosphere. We consider both the internal shock model and a
'slow heating' model as possible dissipation mechanisms. For comparable energy
densities in the thermal and the leptonic component, the dominant emission
mechanism is Compton scattering. This leads to a nearly flat energy spectrum
(\nu F_\nu \propto \nu^0) above the thermal peak at ~10-100 keV and below
10-100 MeV, for a wide range of optical depths 0.03 <~ \tau_{\gamma e} <~ 100,
regardless of the details of the dissipation mechanism or the strength of the
magnetic field. At lower energies steep slopes are expected, while above 100
MeV the spectrum depends on the details of the dissipation process. For higher
values of the optical depth, a Wien peak is formed at 100 keV - 1 MeV, and no
higher energy component exists. For any value of \tau_{\gamma e}, the number of
pairs produced does not exceed the baryon related electrons by a factor larger
than a few. We conclude that dissipation near the thermal photosphere can
naturally explain both the steep slopes observed at low energies and a flat
spectrum above 10 keV, thus providing an alternative scenario to the optically
thin synchrotron - SSC model.Comment: Discussion added on the results of Baring & Braby (2004); Accepted
for publication in Ap.
Binary frequency of planet-host stars at wide separations: A new brown dwarf companion to a planet-host star
The aim of the project is to improve our knowledge on the multiplicity of
planet-host stars at wide physical separations.
We cross-matched approximately 6200 square degree area of the Southern sky
imaged by the Visible Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy (VISTA)
Hemisphere Survey (VHS) with the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) to look for
wide common proper motion companions to known planet-host stars. We
complemented our astrometric search with photometric criteria.
We confirmed spectroscopically the co-moving nature of seven sources out of
16 companion candidates and discarded eight, while the remaining one stays as a
candidate. Among these new wide companions to planet-host stars, we discovered
a T4.5 dwarf companion at 6.3 arcmin (~9000 au) from HIP70849, a K7V star which
hosts a 9 Jupiter mass planet with an eccentric orbit. We also report two new
stellar M dwarf companions to one G and one metal-rich K star. We infer stellar
and substellar binary frequencies for our complete sample of 37 targets of
5.4+/-3.8% and 2.7+/-2.7% (1 sigma confidence level), respectively, for
projected physical separations larger than ~60-160 au assuming the range of
distances of planet-host stars (24-75 pc). These values are comparable to the
frequencies of non planet-host stars. We find that the period-eccentricity
trend holds with a lack of multiple systems with planets at large
eccentricities (e > 0.2) for periods less than 40 days. However, the lack of
planets more massive than 2.5 Jupiter masses and short periods (<40 days)
orbiting single stars is not so obvious due to recent discoveries by
ground-based transit surveys and space missions.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A, 13 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables,
optical spectra will be available at CDS Strasbour
Microcanonical finite-size scaling in specific heat diverging 2nd order phase transitions
A Microcanonical Finite Site Ansatz in terms of quantities measurable in a
Finite Lattice allows to extend phenomenological renormalization (the so called
quotients method) to the microcanonical ensemble. The Ansatz is tested
numerically in two models where the canonical specific-heat diverges at
criticality, thus implying Fisher-renormalization of the critical exponents:
the 3D ferromagnetic Ising model and the 2D four-states Potts model (where
large logarithmic corrections are known to occur in the canonical ensemble). A
recently proposed microcanonical cluster method allows to simulate systems as
large as L=1024 (Potts) or L=128 (Ising). The quotients method provides
extremely accurate determinations of the anomalous dimension and of the
(Fisher-renormalized) thermal exponent. While in the Ising model the
numerical agreement with our theoretical expectations is impressive, in the
Potts case we need to carefully incorporate logarithmic corrections to the
microcanonical Ansatz in order to rationalize our data.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figure
Double percolation effects and fractal behavior in magnetic/superconducting hybrids
Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy ferromagnetic/ superconducting (FM/SC)
bilayers with a labyrinth domain structure are used to study nucleation of
superconductivity on a fractal network, tunable through magnetic history. As
clusters of reversed domains appear in the FM layer, the SC film shows a
percolative behavior that depends on two independent processes: the arrangement
of initial reversed domains and the fractal geometry of expanding clusters. For
a full labyrinth structure, the behavior of the upper critical field is typical
of confined superconductivity on a fractal network.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figure
Comment on "Evidence of Non-Mean-Field-Like Low-Temperature Behavior in the Edwards-Anderson Spin-Glass Model"
A recent interesting paper [Yucesoy et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 177204
(2012), arXiv:1206:0783] compares the low-temperature phase of the 3D
Edwards-Anderson (EA) model to its mean-field counterpart, the
Sherrington-Kirkpatrick (SK) model. The authors study the overlap distributions
P_J(q) and conclude that the two models behave differently. Here we notice that
a similar analysis using state-of-the-art, larger data sets for the EA model
(generated with the Janus computer) leads to a very clear interpretation of the
results of Yucesoy et al., showing that the EA model behaves as predicted by
the replica symmetry breaking (RSB) theory.Comment: Version accepted for publication in PRL. 1 page, 1 figur
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