Anti-inflammatory agents and monoHER protect against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and accumulation of CML in mice

Cardiac damage is the major limiting factor for the clinical use of doxorubicin (DOX). Preclinical studies indicate that inflammatory effects may be involved in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Nɛ-(carboxymethyl) lysine (CML) is suggested to be generated subsequent to oxidative stress, including inflammation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether CML increased in the heart after DOX and whether anti-inflammatory agents reduced this effect in addition to their possible protection on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. These effects were compared with those of the potential cardioprotector 7-monohydroxyethylrutoside (monoHER)

Effects of Maximal Anaerobic Exercise on Neutrophil Oxidants/Antioxidants in among the Sportsmen Trained at Various Levels

The influence of very high intensity exercise on antioxidant capacity and oxidative burst activity of neutrophils in sportsmen with various levels of training status were examined. Blood samples from sportsmen with high (n=12, 5 hours training program for a week), moderate (n=9, 2-5 hours training program for a week), and low physical activity (n=11, less than 2 hours training program for a week) were collected to determine superoxide anion production, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activity and TBARS in neutrophils before and after an “anaerobic loading coordination test”. The pre-exercise values of SOD activity were significantly higher in high and moderate physical activity groups in comparison with the low physical activity group (p [Med-Science 2012; 1(2.000): 77-89

Melatonin treatment against remote organ injury induced by renal ischemia reperfusion injury in diabetes mellitus

Oxidative stress may have a role in liver damage after acute renal injury due to various reasons such as ischemia reperfusion (IR). Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an important disease for kidneys and may cause nephropathy as a long term complication. The aim of this study was to investigate protective effect of melatonin, a potent antioxidant, against distant organ injury on liver induced by renal IR in rats with or without DM. The rats were divided into six groups: control (n=7), DM (n=5), IR (n=7), DM+IR (n=7), melatonin+IR (Mel+IR) (melatonin, 4 mg/ kg during 15 days) (n=7), and Mel+DM+IR groups (n=7). Diabetes developed 3 days after single i.p. dose of 45 mg/kg streptozotocin. After 15 day, the left renal artery was occluded for 30 min followed 24 h of reperfusion in IR performed groups. DM did not alter oxidative parameters alone in liver tissue. The levels of malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl and nitric oxide with activities of xanthine oxidase and myeloperoxidase were increased in liver tissues of diabetic and non-diabetic IR groups. Nitric oxide level in DM was higher than control. The activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase were increased in IR groups in comparison with control and DM. ALT and AST levels were higher in IR and DM+IR groups than control and DM. Melatonin treatment reversed all these oxidant and antioxidant parameters to control values as well as serum liver enzymes. We concluded that renal IR may affect distant organs such as liver and oxidative stress may play role on this injury, but DM has not an effect on kidney induced distant organ injury via oxidant stress. Also, it was concluded that melatonin treatment may prevent liver oxidant stress induced by distant injury of kidney IR. © 2008 The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea