Letter from William E. Colby to William F. Bade, 1910 Aug 2.

To explore, enjoy, and render accessible the mountain regions of the Pacific Coast; to publish authentic information concerning them; to enlist the support and co-operation of the people and the Government in preserving the forests and other natural features of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. SIERRA CLUB 303 MILLS BUILDING San Francisco, Cal.Board of Directors-1909-1910Mr. John Muir, President MartinezProf. A. G. McAdie, Vice-President San FranciscoProf. J. N. Le Conte, Treasurer BerkeleyMr. William E. Colby, Secretary San FranciscoProf. Wm. F. Bade BerkeleyProf. E. C. Franklin Stanford UniversityProf. W. C. Morgan BerkeleyMr. E. T. Parsons San FranciscoMr. Willoughby Rodman Los AngelesOuting CommitteeMr. Wm. E. Colby, ChairmanProf. J. N. La Conte Mr. E. T. ParsonsHonorary Vice-PresidentsProf. George Davidson San FranciscoMr. R. U. Johnson The Century, New YorkPres. David Starr Jordan Stanford UniversityMr. Gifford Pinchot Washington. D. C. Committee on PublicationsMr. Elliott McAllister, Editor San FranciscoProf. Wm. F. Bade. Book Reviews BerkeleyProf. Wm. R. Dudley, Forestry Notes Stanford Univ.Prof. J. E. Church, Jr. Prof. W. C. MorganMr. Alex. G. Eella Mr. E. T. Parson.Mr. J. S. Hutchinson. Jr. Prof. H. W. RolfeSan Francisco, Aug. 2, 1910,Dr. Wm. F. Bade,Editorial Rooms THE INDEPENDENT,130 Fulton St., New York.My Dear Bade:-Each time I read your editorial, the finer I think it is, and I am writing to ascertain whether it is still in type, and if so whether we could not make some arrangement to have 1000 copies of these 3 pages struck off, and we would arrange to pay for them. It would be best if it could be put on one sheet. We would send it to all of the Women\u27s Clubs, and it would be sort of an Ad for THE INDEPENDENT as well, if it contained the heading of Page 201.I find upon search, that we sent the only copy we had of the Commonwealth Hearings to Mr.Whitman, so I hope that you got copy of the Pinchot letter from him.We are looking forward with pleasure to your homecoming.Sincerely yours,[ILLEGIBLE]0629

Electrochemical detection of fentanyl using screen-printed carbon electrodes with confirmatory analysis of fentanyl and its analogs in oral fluid using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Utilizing screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs), a fast, simple, and sensitive approach toward the detection, identification, and quasi-quantitation of fentanyl was achieved both in an electrochemical cell and as a drop on the electrode surface. Electro-oxidation of fentanyl at the electrode was demonstrated using adsorptive stripping square-wave voltammetry between -0.5 V and +1.6 V with 100 mM Tris-HCl buffer at pH 8.5 as supporting electrolyte. Parameter optimization was conducted during method development to include supporting electrolyte and pH, electrochemical technique, pre-treatment and equilibration time, and various surface modifications. The simplest method utilizing an unmodified SPCE was determined to be appropriate for the identification of fentanyl. Electro-oxidation of the fentanyl compound was observed to occur as an irreversible process due to both diffusion to the electrode surface and oxidation of adsorbed species on the working electrode. The resulting voltammograms demonstrated the presence of two oxidation peaks at 750 mV (peak I) and 880 mV (peak II) versus a pseudo-Ag/AgCl reference. Fentanyl oxidation was observed at concentrations of ~76 ng/mL in cell and ~300 ng/mL in a 100 mL drop. Statistical limits of detection were determined to be slightly above the observable oxidation peaks with limits of detection of 145 ng/mL for the cell method and 530 ng/mL for the drop method. Reproducibility between electrodes, assessed as the average relative standard deviation (RSD), for peak I and peak II in the cell was 12% and 18%, respectively. RSD in the drop was 13% and 15% for peaks I and II. Accuracy of the detection method was determined in the cell by analyzing single-blind samples prepared in the laboratory and demonstrated better accuracy in lower concentrations of fentanyl versus higher concentrations. The effects of interfering compounds were considered due to the likelihood of fentanyl being found in mixtures. Quinine and cocaine were found to interfere with peak II, while peak I remained identifiable except when present with large concentrations of interferent. Methamphetamine was observed to have a similar effect although drastically reduced in comparison to both quinine and cocaine. Acetaminophen and caffeine did not produce interfering signals. Analysis at various ratios of the compounds demonstrated that the identification of fentanyl could still be achieved through the presence of peak I. The oxidative mechanism of fentanyl was proposed based on the literature available for the oxidation of amines and voltammetric data present for fentanyl and related compounds. The proposed mechanism rejects some previously hypothesized oxidation mechanisms of tertiary amines where the presence of two peaks was observed. It was suggested that a two-step oxidation process of the tertiary amine followed by the oxidation of the newly formed secondary amine product resulted in the two observable peaks. However, this work agrees with literature supporting the effect of adsorption of the tertiary diamine to the electrode surface. This mechanism is presented herein, whereby the observed oxidation peaks result from the adsorbed species and the diffusion of the species to the electrode surface, owing to the difference in peak potentials for peak I and peak II. A confirmatory LC/MS/MS method for the analysis of fentanyl and fentanyl analogs in oral fluid was developed and validated. Optimization of fragmentor voltage, collision energy, and fragmentation ions was achieved and used in the construction of a dynamic multiple reaction monitoring (dMRM) method. Chromatographic separation demonstrated resolution between 13 fentanyl-related compounds along with 7 internal standards. The calibration model used was linear with a weighting of 1/x between the range of 0.1 ng/mL to 50 ng/mL. The limit of detection for the majority of drugs was determined to be 0.01 ng/mL with the limit of quantitation at the lowest calibrator of 0.1 ng/mL with correlation coefficients between 0.9992-0.9999. Bias, precision, matrix effects, recovery, and process efficiency were assessed and were within the guideline range for acceptability for the majority of analytes assessed using a solid-phase extraction procedure with spiked oral fluid. Twelve commonly encountered illicit drugs were used to assess selectivity. No interferences were found for fentanyl or its analogs. Stability was assessed for processed samples kept at room temperature in auto-sampler and the freezer, as well as, for freeze/thaw stability. The majority of analytes were considered stable under all conditions for up to 72 hours. Together these two methods demonstrate the identification and quasi-quantitation of fentanyl through electrochemical oxidation and confirmatory analysis via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). The combined use of these techniques seeks to emulate the SWGDRUG requirement, although electrochemistry has, to this point, not been included in the list of acceptable techniques. Other work contained herein demonstrates assessment of various electrode modification techniques to improve the signal of fentanyl, attempts at enzymatic detection of codeine and fentanyl utilizing cytochrome P450 isozymes 2D6 and 3A4, and electrochemical detection of the synthetic cannabinoid PB-22

Letter from W[illia]m E. Colby to John Muir, 1907 Apr 16.

[in margin: Colby on Yo & [illegible]]Apr. 16-07My dear Mr. Muir: I have hoped in vain to be able to go up to see you \u27ere this but I was away a whole month trying a case & then Mrs. Colby did not wish me to leave her & now two babies in the family keep me at home during my spare hours. I have wanted to talk over Yosemite & [illegible] affairs with you. Garfield - the new Secretary of the Interior, informs me that Congress only appropriated $30,000. for the Yosemite Park this year but this03865 Apr. 16, \u2707.My dear Mr. Muir:I have hoped in vain to be able to go up to see you ere this, but I was away a whole month -- trying a case, and then Mrs. Colby did not wish me to leave her and now two babies in the family keep me at home during my spare hours.I have wanted to talk over Yosemite and Outing affairs with you. Garfield -- the new Secretary of the Interior, informs me that Congress only appropriated$30,000 for the Yosemite Park this year, but this is quite a gain over State appropriation, especially when one considers that there are no salaries and travelling expenses to deplete it -- and every cent of that amount goes into actual improvement.I have in mind getting up a report on the Yosemite this summer since our Outing will be there and presenting it to Congress next Fall. We could formulate some definite plan for the future and work to the accomplishment of that end. What do you think of this?I hope that you will be with us on our Outing for a few days at least this summer. It will be very easy for you to run up on the railroad and come in with us and spend a few daus in the Tuolumne meadows. We will arrange everything for you and it will not necessitate a moment\u27s planning on your part nor cost you a cent. We expect to have a large pack train which will have very little to do except when our main party is moving in or out and we can meet you at any time or take you out any time. Couldn\u27t you bring Helen with you? It will be a great favor to me and a great pleasure to us all if you will come for the whole Outing, of even for a few days.Very sincerely,Wm. E. Colby0386

Letter from William E. Colby to William F. Bade, 1910 Aug 20.

San Francisco,Aug.20, 1910.Dr. Wm. F. Bade,Berkeley, Cal. My Dear Bade:-The Club is going to have a dinner at Tait\u27s next Friday evening, at which a great many of our old outing friends will attend. I wish you to be Mrs. Colby\u27s a and my guest on that occasion.We will meet at Tait\u27s at 6.30, in the private dining room upstairs. Don\u27t miss it, because it is going to be one of the best reunions we have ever had.I will see you in the near future, and I hope before Friday. Am anxious to discuss a number of important matters.Very sincerely yours,[illegible]0629

Letter from W[illia]m E. Colby to John Muir, 1902 May 21.

To explore, enjoy, and render accessible the mountain regions of the Pacific. Coast; to publish authentic information concerning them; to enlist the support and co-operation of the people and the Government in preserving the forests and other natural feature\u27s of the Sierra Nevada Mountains.BOARD OF DIRECTORS-1902-1903.Mr. John Muir...PresidentMr. Elliott McALLISTER...Vice-PresidentMr. J. N. LECONTE...TreasurerProf. W. R. DUDLEY...Corresponding SecretaryMr. WILLIAM E. COLBY...Recording SecretaryRoom 25, Eighth Floor, Mills Iiuilding.San Francisco.Prof. GEORGE DAVIDSON, Prof.DAVID STARR JORDAN,Mr.WARREN GREOORY,Mr. WARREN OLNEY.Vice Prof. c. B. Bradley, resigned,CHAIRMAN COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATI0N:Pros.DAVID STAR JORDON.Mr.J.S.HUTCHINSON.jr...Assistant EditorClaus Spreckels BuildingMERCHANTS\u27EXCHANGE BUILDINGSAN FRANCISCO,CAL.May 21, 1902.Mr. John Muir,Martinez, Cal.My dear Mr. Muir:-Things are booming an regards the outing and I hope that you will stand by me, as I need all the assistance possible.We are going to have a Mich finer crowd of people, even, than last year and they all askt the first thing, if you are going to he with us, and every now and then I hear alarming reports from some one who has heard that you have decided not to visit the Canon.I meant to have written you before this and to have stated that if it is your pleasure that your daughters should accompany our party that their deposits will be offact by What the (Blub owes you from 3 ast year, the balance I believe being $50.00, of course, if you make up your own party than I will see that the$50.00 is refunded you some tine soon, but I hope that this is not the case and. that you will not take the trouble and time to make up a separate oanp outfit and party, for you can just as well come in with ua, and we will make everything as comfortable as possible for you and the girls.You naist remember that you coiae as a guest of the committee and your daughters deposits are already settled.Have you heard anything recently frou Dr. Merriam and do you know of his movements? Could you not write him a letter and[03007] To explore, enjoy, and render accessible the mountain regions of the Pacific Coast; to publish authentic information concerning them; to enlist the support and co-operation of the people and the Government in preserving the forests and other natural features of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. BOARD OF DIRECTORS --1902-1903.Mr. JOHN MUIR... PresidentMr. ELLIOTT MCALLISTER... Vice-PresidentMr. J. N. LECONTE... TreasurerProf. W. R. DUDLEY.. Corresponding SecretaryMr. WILLIAM E. COLBY.. Recording SecretaryRoom 25, Eighth Floor, Mills Building, San Francisco.Prof. GEORGE DAVIDSON, Pres. DAVID STARR JORDAN,Mr. WARREN GREGORY, Mr. WARREN OLNEY.(Vice Prof. C. B. Bradley, resigned.)CHAIRMAN COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATION:Pres. DAVID STARR JORDAN.Mr. J. S. HUTCHINSON, Jr... Assistant EditorClaus Spreckels Buildingstir him up a little and find out just what he is going to do? Kindly let me hear from you so that I may be reassured about your going.With best regards for yourself and Mrs. Muir and the girls, I am,Very sincerely yours,[illegible]0300

Letter from W[illia]m E. Colby to John Muir, 1908 May 5.

To explore, enjoy, and render accessible the mountain regions of the Pacific Coast; to publish authentic information concerning them; to enlist the support and co-operation of the people and the Government in preserving the forests and other natural features of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. SIERRA CLUBMills BuildingSan Francisco, Cal.Board of Directors—1907-1908Mr. John Muir, President MartinezProf. A. G. McAdie, Vice-President San FranciscoProf. J. N. Le Conte. Treasurer BerkeleyMr. William B. Colby, Secretary BerkeleyProf. Wm. F. Bade BerkeleyProf. George Davidson San FranciscoProf. W. R. Dudley Stanford UniversityMr. Warren Olney San FranciscoMr. B. T. Parsons San FranciscoOuting CommitteeMr. Wm. B. Colby, Chairman Prof. J. N. Le Conte Mr. E. T. ParsonsHonorary Vice-PresidentsProf. George Davidson San FranciscoMr. R. U. Johnson The Century, New YorkPres. David Starr Jordan Stanford UniversityMr. Gifford Pinchot Washington, D. C.Committee on PublicationsMr. Elliott McAllister, Editor San FranciscoProf. Wm. F. Bade, Book Reviews BerkeleyProf. Wm. R. Dudley, Forestry Notes . Stanford Univ.Mr. Alex. G. Bells Prof. H. W. RolfeMr. B. T. Parsons Mr. Willoughby RodmanSan Franoisco, May 5th, 1908,Mr.John Muir, Martinez, Cal.My Dear Mr.Muir:-I am enolosing you telegram just received from Mr. McFarland, President of the American Civic Association.He is one of our strongest fighters in the East, and I trust that you will comply with his request, as he will make good use of it.The Governors of the oountry meet in oonferenoe to discuss the Conservation of natural resources. Mr. McFarland is there at the speoial invitation of the President, and will deliver an address on the importanoe of natural scenery as a natural resource. A brief letter from you giving your views on the importance of this question, in a few sentences, bringing in the Hetch-Hetchy Valley, as he suggests, will help us tremendously in our fight. I hope you will attend to this right away, as the Convention meets May 13th, and there is just time for a letter to reach him.Address him, J.Horace MoFarland,President American Civio Assn.,Harrisburg, Pa.Sincerely yours,[illegible]0417

Letter from W[illia]m E. Colby to John Muir, 1905 Jan 13.

To explore, enjoy, and render accessible the mountain regions of the Pacific Coast; to publish authentic information concerning them; to enlist the support and co-operation of the people and the Government in preserving the forests and other natural features of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. BOARD OP DIRECTORS-1904-1905Mr. JOHN MUIR, President MartinezProf. A. G. MCADIE, Vice-President Mills Bldg., S. F. Prof. J. N. LE CONTE, Treasurer BerkeleyProf. W. R. DUDLEY, Cor. Sec\u27y Stanford UniversityMr. WILLIAM E. COLBY, Secretary Mills Bldg., S. F. Prof. GEORGE DAVIDSON BerkeleyMr. J. S. HUTCHINSON, Jr. Claus Spreckels Bldg., S. F. Mr. WARREN OLNEY 101 Sansome St., S. F. Mr. E. T. PARSONS University Club, S. F. (Vice Mr. ELLIOTT MCALLISTER, resigned) COMMITTEE ON PUBLICATIONS: Pres. DAVID STARR JORDAN, Chairman Stanford Univ. Mr. ELLIOTT MCALLISTER, Editor Crocker Bldg., S. F. Prof. WM. F. BADE BerkeleyProf. WM. R. DUDLEY Stanford UniversityMr. ALEX. G. EELLS Crocker Bldg., S. F. Mr. E. B. GOULD Mutual Savings Bank Bldg., S. F. Mr. J. S. HUTCHINSON, Jr. Clans Spreckels Bldg., S. F. Mr. E. T. PARSONS University Club, S. F. Prof. H. W. ROLPE Stanford UniversityMr. WILLOUGHBY RODMAN Bryson Block, Los AngelesSan Francisco, Cal., Jan. 13, 1905Mr. John Muir,President Sierra Club,Martinez, Cal.My Dear Mr. Muir:Yours of the 10th together with Mr. Johnson\u27s letter reached me on my return from Sacramento day before yesterday. I made a second trip in order to see that the bill for the Recession of Yosemite was properly introduced in both houses. You probably saw by the papers that this has been done. The bill was referred to Senate and Assembly committees on forests and public lands. I arranged for a joint meeting of these committees to consider the bill and it will be very important to have every one we can persuade to be in Sacramento and attend that joint meeting for a great deal will depend upon the [illegible] of these committees. As near as I was able to ascertain at that time, the matter will come before the joint committee next Wednesday. My plan in having a joint committee meeting was in order to avoid the necessity of making two trips and our delegation which goes up to Sacramento will only have to make one trip. I will give you a couple of days notice and I sincerely trust that nothing will interfere with your being there with us for you are the most important person to help us in this matter and it is simply03509 Muir-2imperative that you should be there . I will endeavor to get as many other prominent men as possible, and I would suggest to help matters along that you write at once to President Jordan, Mr. Olney and perhaps President Wheeler, asking them if they will kindly aid us in this matter by attending that committee meeting in Sacramento and that I will inform them two days in advance of the exact date . I will write to them also but they will pay a great deal more attention to a request from you.I agree with you and do not think that the opposition of the Examiner has amounted to much but has rather helped us than otherwise. Our whole fight will be in the Senate and it will require very earnest work and determined effort to overcome the opposition which has been created by Senator Curtin of Sonora. Have you written to Lieut. Gov. Alden Anderson requesting him to aid us in this matter? A strong letter from you to him would undoubtedly do much good as he is presiding officer in the Senate. I deem it very important that you should write to him as he will pay a great deal more attention to a letter from you than one from me.I have a very strong letter from Congressman Needham in whose district Yosemite Valley is situated. He is very heartily in favor of recession and he gives me as his opinion that it will be unnecessary for Congress to pass an act accepting the Valley but that the President can assume control immediately upon the act passing our Legislature. With the President favorable we will have no trouble about that part of it. However, I do not deem it wise to mention this fact as most of the legislators in Sacramento deem it necessary for Congress to take action, and if they0350