Seasonal variation in the incidence of preeclampsia and eclampsia in tropical climatic conditions

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Observational studies have demonstrated various correlations between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and different weather parameters. We aim to study if a correlation exists between the incidence of eclampsia and pre-eclampsia and various weather parameters in the tropical coastal city of Mumbai which has the distinction of having relatively uniform meteorological variables all throughout the year, except for the monsoon season.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We retrospectively analysed data from a large maternity centre in Mumbai, India over a period of 36 months from March 1993 to February 1996, recording the incidence of preeclampsia and eclampsia. Meteorological data was acquired from the regional meteorological centre recording the monthly average temperature, humidity, barometric pressure and rainfall during the study period. Study period was then divided into two climate conditions: monsoon season (June to August) and dry season September to May. The incidence of preeclampsia and eclampsia and the meteorological differences between the two seasons were compared.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Over a 36-month period, a total of 29562 deliveries were recorded, of which 1238 patients developed preeclampsia (4.18%) and 34 developed eclampsia (0.11%). The incidence of preeclampsia did not differ between the monsoon and the dry season (4.3% vs. 4.15%, p = 0.5). The incidence of eclampsia was significantly higher in the monsoon (0.2% vs. 0.08%, p = 0.01). The monsoon was significantly cooler (median maximum temperature 30.7°C vs. 32.3°C, p = 0.01), more humid (median relative humidity 85% vs. 70%, p = 0.0008), and received higher rainfall (median 504.9 mm vs. 0.3 mm, p = 0.0002) than the rest of the year. The median barometric pressure (1005 mb) during the monsoon season was significantly lower than the rest of the year (1012 mb, p < 0.0001).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In the tropical climate of Mumbai, the incidence of eclampsia is significantly higher in monsoon, when the weather is cooler and humid with a lower barometric pressure than the rest of the year. This effect is not seen with preeclampsia. This strengthens the association of low temperature and high humidity with triggering of eclampsia.</p

Basilicam opere mirabili extruere... Considerazioni sulla basilica civile nelle province galliche dell’Impero: ruolo e decorazione

Many small towns and cities (the so-called agglomérations secondaires, centri minori, etc.) within the Gallic provinces show architectural traces of preexisting fora and, more specifically, of basilicas. To analyse systematically the problem of functions and ideological values in relation to sculptural and architectural decoration would prove a difficult task from various points of view, not least methodologically. The “cultural variety” of the three provinces making up the so-called Gallia Comata, to which we add for completeness the Provincia tout court (almost Italy for Pliny, N.H. II, 4), “opens up” the idea of precise and defined interpretative models, for common formulas and solutions, which do exist, must be set and studied in a much broader context. A context which, in particular, pays attention to the nature and political and religious significance of the civil basilica in these northwestern regions of the Empire. In this sense, even a comparison with the archaeological evidence from the Cisalpine province – which sometimes is simplistically and a priori considered a laboratory of Romanization prêt-à-porter – must be with caution. On the basis of published evidence, often fragmented and sometimes dispersed, the paper tries to synthesize some guiding concepts about the sculptural furniture and meanings connected to it.Dans l’ample panorama historique et géographique des provinces gauloises de l’Empire, nombreuses sont les cités et agglomérations de moindre importance qui ont conservé des vestiges architecturaux de forums et plus particulièrement de basiliques. L’étude de la fonction de ces édifices et de leur portée idéologique sur la base de leur décoration architecturale et sculpturale présente maintes difficultés, notamment méthodologiques. À la diversité culturelle des trois provinces formant la Gallia Comata, auxquelles il faut ajouter, pour être complet, la Provincia (quasi Italia selon Pline, N.H., II, 4), correspondent des schémas interprétatifs qui se laissent définir avec précision : ces formules et solutions communes doivent être étudiées dans le cadre plus large de la nature et de la signification politique et religieuse que revêt la basilique civile dans cette région nord-occidentale de l’Empire. Dans cette perspective, une démarche comparative fondée sur l’évidence archéologique de la Cisalpine – jusqu’ici trop souvent considérée, de façon hâtive et simpliste, comme un laboratoire de romanisation « prêt-à-porter » – ne peut être menée qu’avec précaution. — Se fondant sur les données éditées, souvent fragmentaires et dispersées (alors que dans les différentes provinces cisalpines sont connues de nombreuses basiliques), la présente contribution, qui ne prétend certes pas à l’exhaustivité, propose quelques lignes de conduite concernant l’aménagement sculptural et son interprétation

Enterprise, Business-Process and Information Systems Modeling : 11th International Workshop, BPMDS 2010, and 15th International Conference, EMMSAD 2010, held at CAiSE 2010, Hammamet, Tunisia, June 7-8, 2010, Proceedings

Item does not contain fulltext313 p

3D bioprinting of multifunctional alginate dialdehyde (ADA)–gelatin (GEL) (ADA-GEL) hydrogels incorporating ferulic acid

: The present work explores the 3D extrusion printing of ferulic acid (FA)-containing alginate dialdehyde (ADA)-gelatin (GEL) scaffolds with a wide spectrum of biophysical and pharmacological properties. The tailored addition of FA (≤0.2 %) increases the crosslinking between FA and GEL in the presence of calcium chloride (CaCl2) and microbial transglutaminase, as confirmed using trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) assay. In agreement with an increase in crosslinking density, a higher viscosity of ADA-GEL with FA incorporation was achieved, leading to better printability. Importantly, FA release, enzymatic degradation and swelling were progressively reduced with an increase in FA loading to ADA-GEL, over 28 days. Similar positive impact on antibacterial properties with S. epidermidis strains as well as antioxidant properties were recorded. Intriguingly, FA incorporated ADA-GEL supported murine pre-osteoblast proliferation with reduced osteosarcoma cell proliferation over 7 days in culture, implicating potential anticancer property. Most importantly, FA-incorporated and cell-encapsulated ADA-GEL can be extrusion printed to shape fidelity-compliant multilayer scaffolds, which also support pre-osteoblast cells over 7 days in culture. Taken together, the present study has confirmed the significant potential of 3D bioprinting of ADA-GEL-FA ink to obtain structurally stable scaffolds with a broad spectrum of biophysical and therapeutically significant properties, for bone tissue engineering applications

R.I.P. (Radar Image Processor) - Software per la gestione di dati radar

Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Biblioteca Centrale - P.le Aldo Moro, 7 , Rome / CNR - Consiglio Nazionale delle RichercheSIGLEITItal

The Effect(s) of Vitamin A on Persistent Wheezing after Bronchiolitis in Infants Aged 1-12 Months

Background & aim: Viral bronchiolitis is one of the most common causeS of lower respiratory tract infection and almost responsible for 1-3% of hospitalization among children under one year of age. Post bronchiolitis wheezing is the main risk factor for childhood asthma, and its control can decrease incidence of the disease in future. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin A on persistent wheezing after bronchiolitis. Methods: The present double blind clinical trial was conducted on 84 patients aged 1 to 12 months of age who were admitted in Imam Sajad Hospital of Yasuj from October 2012 to 2013. After viral bronchiolitis diagnosis of patients with history and physical exam, they were divided into two similar groups of control and case randomly. Control group received cold and wet nebulized oxygen and bronchodilator and case group received the same protocol together with 5000 IU/kg Vitamin A intramascularlly. Both groups were examined by the same physician before, one and two weeks after treatment and quality and severity of wheezing was recorded. Data were analyzed by statistical student T – test and chi square test. Results: Intensity and quality of wheezing was similar in both groups before the intervention(85/0 = p=0.858) whereas a significant reduction was observed in the severity of wheezing in the group receiving vitamin A compared with the control group (05/0> p<0.05). Conclusion: A significant decrease was observed in persistent wheezing after intramascular administration of a dose of vitamin A in patients requiring hospitalization due to viral bronchiolitis. Administrating one dose vitamin A intramuscularly in patients who need hospitalization due to bronchiolitis, may decrease post bronchiolitis and persistent wheezing