2,577 research outputs found
The risk of falling
Abstract: In the late 1960s, much interest was raised in regard to biomedical applications of various ceramic materials. A little bit later, such materials were named bioceramics. This review is limited to bioceramics prepared from calcium orthophosphates only, which belong to the categories of bioactive and bioresorbable compounds. There have been a number of important advances in this field during the past 30â40 years. Namely, by structural and compositional control, it became possible to choose whether calcium orthophosphate bioceramics were biologically stable once incorporated within the skeletal structure or whether they were resorbed over time. At the turn of the millennium, a new concept of calcium orthophosphate bioceramicsâwhich is able to promote regeneration of bonesâwas developed. Presently, calcium orthophosphate bioceramics are available in the form of particulates, blocks, cements, coatings, customized designs for specific applications and as injectable composites in a polymer carrier. Current biomedical applications include artificial replacements for hips, knees, teeth, tendons and ligaments, as well as repair for periodontal disease, maxillofacial reconstruction, augmentation and stabilization of the jawbone, spinal fusion and bone fillers after tumor surgery. Exploratory studies demonstrate potential applications of calcium orthophosphate bioceramics as scaffolds, drug delivery systems, as well as carriers of growth factors, bioactive peptides and/or various types of cells for tissue engineering purposes
Cosmological constraints on neutrino plus axion hot dark matter: Update after WMAP-5
We update our previous constraints on two-component hot dark matter (axions
and neutrinos), including the recent WMAP 5-year data release. Marginalising
over sum m_nu provides m_a < 1.02 eV (95% C.L.) for the axion mass. In the
absence of axions we find sum m_nu < 0.63 eV (95% C.L.).Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, uses iopart.cls; v2 matches published versio
on behalf of The British Society for the Philosophy of Science Brit
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Aerodynamics of aero-engine installation
This paper describes current progress in the development of methods to assess aero-engine airframe installation effects. The aerodynamic characteristics of isolated intakes, a typical transonic transport aircraft as well as a combination of a through-flow nacelle and aircraft configuration have been evaluated. The validation task for an isolated engine nacelle is carried out with concern for the accuracy in the assessment of intake performance descriptors such as mass flow capture ratio and drag rise Mach number. The necessary mesh and modelling requirements to simulate the nacelle aerodynamics are determined. Furthermore, the validation of the numerical model for the aircraft is performed as an extension of work that has been carried out under previous drag prediction research programmes. The validation of the aircraft model has been extended to include the geometry with through flow nacelles. Finally, the assessment of the mutual impact of the through flow nacelle and aircraft aerodynamics was performed. The drag and lift coefficient breakdown has been presented in order to identify the component sources of the drag associated with the engine installation. The paper concludes with an assessment of installation drag for through-flow nacelles and the determination of aerodynamic interference between the nacelle and the aircraft
Interference of Fano-Rashba conductance dips
We study the interference of two tunable Rashba regions in a quantum wire
with one propagating mode. The transmission dips (Fano-Rashba dips) of the two
regions either cross or anti cross depending on the distance between the two
regions. For large separations we find Fabry-P\'erot oscillations due to the
interference of forwards and backwards propagating modes. At small separations
overlapping evanescent modes play a prominent role, leading to an enhanced
transmission and destroying the conductance dip. Analytical expressions in
scattering-matrix theory are given and the relevance of the interference effect
in a device is discussed.Comment: 10 pages, 4 embedded figure
Bounds on R-Parity Violating Parameters from Fermion EDM's
We study one-loop contributions to the fermion electric dipole moments in the
Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with explicit R-parity violating
interactions. We obtain new individual bounds on R-parity violating Yukawa
couplings and put more stringent limits on certain parameters than those
obtained previously.Comment: 16 pages, LaTe
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