A “Hip-Hop” Broadway Masterpiece or a Misrepresentation of Hip Hop Culture

In February of 2015, a music sensation hit the streets of New York City and started a revolution across the country. The renowned Lin Manuel Miranda; composer, musician and actor, debuted his six-year creation - an integration of hip hop music into the world of Broadway through the sensational story of Alexander Hamilton. Based off of Ron Chernow’s 2004 biography of Alexander Hamilton, this entirely musical production details the story of the poor immigrant who came to America with big ideas and wrote his way to being a predominate figure in American history (Miranda, 2016). Impressive choreography is combined with powerful lyrics to narrate Alexander Hamilton’s journey through war, politics, his family and the birth of our nation. Concerned with protecting his legacy and having his voice heard, Hamilton constantly put himself in compromising positions for the greater good of our country. The show’s unconventional structure and use of race bending casting has caused a true Broadway revolution across the country

Three-dimensional BF Theories and the Alexander-Conway Invariant of Knots

We study 3-dimensional BF theories and define observables related to knots and links. The quantum expectation values of these observables give the coefficients of the Alexander-Conway polynomial.Comment: 32 pages (figures available upon request); LaTe

The Accident and its Causes: Pseudo-Alexander on Aristotle (Metaphysics E 3)

Pseudo-Alexander\u2019s commentary in Metaphysics \u395 3 is one of the three ancient commentaries which came down to us together with Ascepius\u2019s commentary and Pseudo-Philoponus\u2019s one, in Latin. Pseudo-Alexander\u2019s work, in particular, constitutes the source of interpretation of the Aristotelian text for many modern scholars. In chapter 3 Aristotle shows that there are causes of accidental being, which are generable and destructible without ever being in course of being generated or destroyed. This problem is one of the most difficult and controversial for Aristotle. The thesis is explained by Aristotle with examples concerning past and future events. Pseudo-Alexander considers them as referring to accidental causes. The exegete\u2019s explanation of both cases introduces some elements which are totally extraneous to the Aristotelian text, but nevertheless it could be helpful to cast some light on the understanding of the most controversial passages. In the final passage, Aristotle raises the question of what kind of cause the accident leads to, whether to the material or to the final or to the efficient cause. It is apparently left without an answer. Pseudo-Alexander gives a plausible solution, which is nonetheless probably only partial. The chapter was also examined with reference to the problem of determinism in Aristotle

The history of ancient Palestine from the palaeolithic period to Alexander\u27s conquest

Reviewed Book: Ahlström, Gösta Werner. The history of ancient Palestine from the palaeolithic period to Alexander\u27s conquest. Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress; Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1993

Stable limits for empirical processes on vapnik-cervonenk is classes of functions.

Alexander' s (1987) central limit theorem for empirical processes on Vapnik-Cervonenkis classes of functions is extended to the case with non-Gaussian stable limits. The corresponding weak laws of large numbers are also established.Empirical processes; Vapnik-Cervonenkis classes of functions; Stable domains of attraction;

Stable limits for empirical processes on vapnik-cervonenk is classes of functions

Alexander' s (1987) central limit theorem for empirical processes on Vapnik-Cervonenkis classes of functions is extended to the case with non-Gaussian stable limits. The corresponding weak laws of large numbers are also established

Measurement of the multi-TeV neutrino cross section with IceCube using Earth absorption

Neutrinos interact only very weakly, so they are extremely penetrating. However, the theoretical neutrino-nucleon interaction cross section rises with energy such that, at energies above 40 TeV, neutrinos are expected to be absorbed as they pass through the Earth. Experimentally, the cross section has been measured only at the relatively low energies (below 400 GeV) available at neutrino beams from accelerators \cite{Agashe:2014kda, Formaggio:2013kya}. Here we report the first measurement of neutrino absorption in the Earth, using a sample of 10,784 energetic upward-going neutrino-induced muons observed with the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. The flux of high-energy neutrinos transiting long paths through the Earth is attenuated compared to a reference sample that follows shorter trajectories through the Earth. Using a fit to the two-dimensional distribution of muon energy and zenith angle, we determine the cross section for neutrino energies between 6.3 TeV and 980 TeV, more than an order of magnitude higher in energy than previous measurements. The measured cross section is $1.30^{+0.21}_{-0.19}$ (stat.) $^{+0.39}_{-0.43}$ (syst.) times the prediction of the Standard Model \cite{CooperSarkar:2011pa}, consistent with the expectation for charged and neutral current interactions. We do not observe a dramatic increase in the cross section, expected in some speculative models, including those invoking new compact dimensions \cite{AlvarezMuniz:2002ga} or the production of leptoquarks \cite{Romero:2009vu}.Comment: Preprint version of Nature paper 10.1038/nature2445