28,103 research outputs found
A Scalable Asynchronous Distributed Algorithm for Topic Modeling
Learning meaningful topic models with massive document collections which
contain millions of documents and billions of tokens is challenging because of
two reasons: First, one needs to deal with a large number of topics (typically
in the order of thousands). Second, one needs a scalable and efficient way of
distributing the computation across multiple machines. In this paper we present
a novel algorithm F+Nomad LDA which simultaneously tackles both these problems.
In order to handle large number of topics we use an appropriately modified
Fenwick tree. This data structure allows us to sample from a multinomial
distribution over items in time. Moreover, when topic counts
change the data structure can be updated in time. In order to
distribute the computation across multiple processor we present a novel
asynchronous framework inspired by the Nomad algorithm of
\cite{YunYuHsietal13}. We show that F+Nomad LDA significantly outperform
state-of-the-art on massive problems which involve millions of documents,
billions of words, and thousands of topics
Understanding Heisenberg's 'Magical' Paper of July 1925: a New Look at the Calculational Details
In July 1925 Heisenberg published a paper [Z. Phys. 33, 879-893 (1925)] which
ended the period of `the Old Quantum Theory' and ushered in the new era of
Quantum Mechanics. This epoch-making paper is generally regarded as being
difficult to follow, perhaps partly because Heisenberg provided few clues as to
how he arrived at the results which he reported. Here we give details of
calculations of the type which, we suggest, Heisenberg may have performed. We
take as a specific example one of the anharmonic oscillator problems considered
by Heisenberg, and use our reconstruction of his approach to solve it up to
second order in perturbation theory. We emphasize that the results are
precisely those obtained in standard quantum mechanics, and suggest that some
discussion of the approach - based on the direct computation of transition
amplitudes - could usefully be included in undergraduate courses in quantum
mechanics.Comment: 24 pages, no figures, Latex, submitted to Am. J. Phy
Omnidirectional Sensory and Motor Volumes in Electric Fish
Active sensing organisms, such as bats, dolphins, and weakly electric fish, generate a 3-D space for active sensation by emitting self-generated energy into the environment. For a weakly electric fish, we demonstrate that the electrosensory space for prey detection has an unusual, omnidirectional shape. We compare this sensory volume with the animal's motor volume—the volume swept out by the body over selected time intervals and over the time it takes to come to a stop from typical hunting velocities. We find that the motor volume has a similar omnidirectional shape, which can be attributed to the fish's backward-swimming capabilities and body dynamics. We assessed the electrosensory space for prey detection by analyzing simulated changes in spiking activity of primary electrosensory afferents during empirically measured and synthetic prey capture trials. The animal's motor volume was reconstructed from video recordings of body motion during prey capture behavior. Our results suggest that in weakly electric fish, there is a close connection between the shape of the sensory and motor volumes. We consider three general spatial relationships between 3-D sensory and motor volumes in active and passive-sensing animals, and we examine hypotheses about these relationships in the context of the volumes we quantify for weakly electric fish. We propose that the ratio of the sensory volume to the motor volume provides insight into behavioral control strategies across all animals
Ion and electron temperatures in the SUMMA mirror device by emission spectroscopy
Ion and electron temperatures, and ion drift were measured in a superconducting magnetic mirror apparatus by observing the Doppler-broadened charge-exchange component of the 667.8 and 587.6 nanometer He lines in He plasma, and the H sub alpha and H sub beta lines in H2 plasma. The second moment of the line profiles was used as the parameter for determining ion temperature. Corrections for magnetic splitting, fine structure, monochromator slit function, and variation in charge-exchange cross section with energy are included. Electron temperatures were measured by the line ratio method for the corona model, and correlations of ion and electron temperatures with plasma parameters are presented
Thermoelectric properties of Zn_5Sb_4In_(2-δ)(δ=0.15)
The polymorphic intermetallic compound Zn_5Sb_4In_(2−δ) (δ = 0.15(3)) shows promising thermoelectric properties at low temperatures, approaching a figure of merit ZT of 0.3 at 300 K. However, thermopower and electrical resistivity changes discontinuously at around 220 K. Measurement of the specific heat locates the previously unknown temperature of the order-disorder phase transition at around 180 K. Investigation of the charge carrier concentration and mobility by Hall measurements and infrared reflection spectroscopy indicate a mixed conduction behavior and the activation of charge carriers at temperatures above 220 K. Zn_5Sb_4In_(2−δ) has a low thermal stability, and at temperatures above 470 K samples decompose into a mixture of Zn, InSb, and Zn_4Sb_3
New Physics Signals through CP Violation in B -> rho,pi
We describe here a method for detecting physics beyond the standard model via
CP violation in B->rho,pi decays. Using a Dalitz-plot analysis to obtain alpha,
along with an analytical extraction of the various tree (T) and penguin (P)
amplitudes, we obtain a criterion for the absence of new physics (NP). This
criterion involves the comparison of the measured |P/T| ratio with its value as
predicted by QCD factorization. We show that the detection of NP via this
method has a good efficiency when compared with the corresponding technique
using B->pi,pi decays.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, talk given at MRST 2004: From Quarks to
Cosmology, Concordia University, Montreal, May 200
Ionization potentials in the limit of large atomic number
By extrapolating the energies of non-relativistic atoms and their ions with
up to 3000 electrons within Kohn-Sham density functional theory, we find that
the ionization potential remains finite and increases across a row, even as
. The local density approximation becomes chemically
accurate (and possibly exact) in some cases. Extended Thomas-Fermi theory
matches the shell-average of both the ionization potential and density change.
Exact results are given in the limit of weak electron-electron repulsion.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
- …