Medial circumflex femoral artery with different origin and course: a case report and review of the literature

The femoral artery (FA) and its branches play important roles in the arterial supply of the lower extremity. If the femoral artery is occluded, the circulation of the extremity is maintained by certain anastomoses. Therefore, identification of variations of these arteries is critical from a clinical and surgical point of view. During routine anatomical dissections for student education at the Department of Anatomy of the School of Medicine at Ondokuz Mayls University, a variation of the medial circumflex femoral artery (MCFA) was observed and photographed in a male, formalin-fixed cadaver aged 55 years. In this case, MCFA branched off from the posterolateral aspect of the FA, 32 mm distal to the inguinal ligament. A frequency rate of 17–26% has been reported regarding this variation. However, MCFA emerging from the postero-lateral aspect of the FA and its course, as in this case, is not that frequent. Knowledge of anomalies in the emergence and course of the arteries that join the cruciate anastomosis and are important in the arterial supply of the head and neck of the femur appear to be a critical component that requires caution during surgical interventions towards this region

High origin of the deep femoral artery: a case report and literature review Origem alta da artéria femoral profunda: relato de caso e revisão da literatura

Arterial variations of the femoral triangle are rarely reported in the literature. In the present article, we have reported a case of high origin of the deep femoral artery, which was originating just lower to the inguinal ligament. It was also observed that the lateral circumflex femoral artery arose directly from the femoral artery instead from the deep femoral artery. We have discussed the anatomy, embryological basis, and clinical implications of these variations along with relevant literature review. The importance of knowledge about these variations in therapeutic and diagnostic interventions is discussed.<br>Variações arteriais no triângulo femoral têm sido pouco relatadas na literatura. No presente artigo, relatou-se um caso de origem alta da artéria femoral profunda, que estava se originando pouco abaixo do ligamento inguinal. Também foi observado que a artéria femoral circunflexa originava-se diretamente da artéria femoral, ao invés de ser originada da artéria femoral profunda. Discutiu-se sobre anatomia, base embriológica e implicações clínicas dessas variações junto com uma revisão da literatura pertinente. A importância do conhecimento sobre essas variações no quadro das intervenções diagnósticas e terapêuticas é discutida