System for automatically switching transformer coupled lines

A system is presented for automatically controlling transformer coupled alternating current electric lines. The secondary winding of each transformer is provided with a center tap. A switching circuit is connected to the center taps of a pair of secondary windings and includes a switch controller. An impedance is connected between the center taps of the opposite pair of secondary windings. The switching circuit has continuity when the AC lines are continuous and discontinuity with any disconnect of the AC lines. Normally open switching means are provided in at least one AC line. The switch controller automatically opens the switching means when the AC lines become separated

Factors in the readmission of married women to Boston State Hospital: A study of social and emotional problems contributing to the readmission of 22 married women with consideration for the rehabilitation facilities offered during the previous hospitalization

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston University, 195

Multiple Ontologies for Integrating Complex Phenotype Datasets

There has been an emergence of multiple large scale phenotyping projects in the rat model organism community as well as renewed interest in the ongoing phenotype data generated by thousands of researchers using hundreds of rat strains worldwide. Unfortunately, this data is scattered and is neither described nor formatted in a standardized manner. A system to integrate complex phenotype data from multiple sources and facilitate data mining and analysis is being developed using multiple ontologies.

*Introduction*
The potential value of integrating phenotype data from multiple sources (different laboratories, varying techniques to measure similar phenotypes, multiple strains) is enormous. Presented here is a data integration system for complex phenotype data from both large-scale and individual experiments and the taxonomy and ontologies that provide the backbone of this format. RGD along with Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI) (Blake et al, 2009) and the Animal QTL Database (Hu and Reecy, 2007) is developing a Vertebrate Trait Ontology to represent morphological states and physiological processes to be used to annotate quantitative trait loci (QTL) and other data. RGD has also used the Mammalian Phenotype Ontology (Smith et al, 2005) for several years to indicate the relationship of genomic elements to abnormal phenotypes. The Vertebrate Trait Ontology represents what is being assessed, and the Mammalian Phenotype Ontology represents the conclusion that was made. The system presented here represents what was done to measure the trait in order to reach the conclusion. Because of the close relationship among these ontologies, care is being taken to ensure compatibility and similarity in structure using the phenotype properties in the Phenotypic Quality Ontology (PATO) for guidance. ("http://www.bioontology.org/wiki/index.php/PATO:Main_Page":http://www.bioontology.org/wiki/index.php/PATO:Main_Page) 

*Data Format and Ontologies*
Standardization of data types and relationships used to define the phenotype experiment and resulting data, and the ontologies to be used to standardize descriptive fields are being developed. For phenotype data, the major informational components include Researcher, Study, Experiment, Sample, Experimental Conditions and Clinical Measurement. A Rat Strain Taxonomy has been developed to standardize this information and provide the relationships among strains to allow investigators to retrieve and analyze phenotype data for strains that are related genetically. Two important aspects of a phenotype measurement include 1) what was measured and 2) how it was measured. The Clinical Measurement Ontology and the Measurement Method Ontology are being developed to standardize this information. In addition an Experimental Conditions ontology is under construction to allow integration of data measured under various conditions.

*Pilot Study Results*
Cardiovascular and biochemistry phenotype data from two major datasets have been integrated using the Rat Strain Taxonomy and the three phenotype related ontologies. A prototype data mining tool ("http://rgd.mcw.edu/rgdweb/":http://rgd.mcw.edu/rgdweb/) has also been developed that provides the user with options to begin a search with strains or any of the ontologies and make subsequent filter choices from the other ontologies. Choices presented to the user are restricted to those for which data is available and query tracking functions are provided to alert the user to the number of results being returned and the query choices made.

*References*
Blake JA, Bult CJ, Eppig JT, Kadin JA, Richardson JE; Mouse Genome Database Group, 2009 _Nucleic Acids Res_. Jan;37:D712-9.

HuZL, Reecy JM, Animal QTLdb: beyond a repository. A public platform for QTL comparisons and integration with diverse types of structural genomic information, 2007, _Mamm Genome_, Jan;18(1):1-4.

Smith CL, Goldsmith CA, Eppig JT. The Mammalian Phenotype Ontology as a tool for annotating, analyzing and comparing phenotypic information, _Genome Biol_. 2005 6(1):R7.
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Envelope addressed to Sonora Dodd, June 25, 1915

Envelope addressed to Mrs. John Bruce Dodd (Sonora Dodd) from Orvis T. Dwinell.https://digitalcommons.whitworth.edu/fathers-day-correspondence/1019/thumbnail.jp

An investigation of the Machover Personality Projection Test as an approach to locating personality problems at the first grade level

Author stopped pagination in order to place bibliography just following the thesis. Following the bibliography, the author placed the appendix where she continued paginating the document thus page 59 follows the bibliography. Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston Universit

A study of the effectiveness of the business education section of the tentative 1950 evaluative criteria

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston University, 1949. This item was digitized by the Internet Archive

Letter from I. E. Dwinell to John Muir, 1880 Apr 17.

00906Sacramento Ap. 17, 1880Mr J[n?] Muir, My dear Sir:After leaving you I made close connections at Port Costa. In fact the “overland” was already in & ready to pass on the ferry boat. from there I reached home safely with the exception of having my umbrella suddenly [demoralized?] when getting out of the horse-car in Sacramento. While on the cars I had a good opportunity in the [illegible] storm to think of you & my own short-comings. I don’t believe I thanked you or expressed my admiration for the way you put me through from Alhambra to Martinez in[Page 2]that rainy morning. It was certainly a famous driver, like the rush of a torrent down the canon. In fact it was a part of both. Then I remembered that you must have had the hardest time in returning, as the storm would be in your face, & the horses would naturally feel the effects of the [spurr?]; but it occurred to me as a compensation that Alhambra was before you with its comfort & peace. Many, many happy days may you have, there or elsewhere, under the inspirations & helps of the new fellowship! I shall not expect less from you, but more, if not in original observation in inaccessible regions, yet in the way of working up ob-servations & in literary & scientific production, from the influence of the fellow-worker, who will be more than an admirer, a helper. I can not but invoke the blessings of the invisible Source of success in high labor, from the start, on the [illegible] of two such sympathetic natures, that the compination may lead to higher practical results than would be possible in either case, separately. May each find inspiration & strength & faith for achievement from the other, & the blessing of God be on you both! Give my kind regards to Mrs. Muir, & my warm sympathy & best wishes to Mrs. & Dr Strentzel. As every yours, J. E. Dromil

Ventilatory Phenotypes among Four Strains of Adult Rats.

Our purpose in this study was to identify different ventilatory phenotypes among four different strains of rats. We examined 114 rats from three in-house, inbred strains and one outbred strain: Brown Norway (BN;n = 26), Dahl salt-sensitive (n = 24), Fawn-hooded Hypertensive (FHH: n = 27), and outbred Sprague-Dawley rats (SD; n = 37). We measured eupneic (room air) breathing and the ventilatory responses to hypoxia (12% O2-88% N2), hypercapnia (7% CO2), and two levels of submaximal exercise. Primary strain differences were between BN and the other strains. BN rats had a relatively attenuated ventilatory response to CO2 (P \u3c 0.001), an accentuated ventilatory response to exercise (P \u3c 0.05), and an accentuated ventilatory roll-off during hypoxia (P \u3c 0.05). Ventilation during hypoxia was lower than other strains, but hyperventilation during hypoxia was equal to the other strains (P \u3e 0.05), indicating that the metabolic rate during hypoxia decreased more in BN rats than in other strains. Another strain difference was in the frequency and timing components of augmented breaths, where FHH rats frequently differed from the other strains, and the BN rats had the longest expiratory time of the augmented breaths (probably secondary to the blunted CO2 sensitivity). These strain differences not only provide insight into physiological mechanisms but also indicate traits (such as CO2 sensitivity) that are genetically regulated. Finally, the data establish a foundation for physiological genomic studies aimed at elucidating the genetics of these ventilatory control mechanisms

Letter from I. E. Dwinell to John Muir, 1880 Dec 27.

00968Sacramento, Dec. 27 ‘80Mr John Muir,My dear Sir:Our Literary Institute have today voted to invite you to open our course of lectures on Jan. 18. We are late in beginning this year [illegible] to my absence. I suppose; but we want to start in after the holidays, & of course want you to interpret some of your seeings to us. I want to invite you to stop with us, & to bring Mrs. Muir with you. Mrs. Dwinell will be very glad to make her acquaintance. Come & bring her. [in margin: 358] With cordial regards for her & Mrs & Dr Strentzel, I remainSincerely yours J.E. Dwinel

Three Ontologies to Define Phenotype Measurement Data

Background: There is an increasing need to integrate phenotype measurement data across studies for both human studies and those involving model organisms. Current practices allow researchers to access only those data involved in a single experiment or multiple experiments utilizing the same protocol. Results: Three ontologies were created: Clinical Measurement Ontology, Measurement Method Ontology and Experimental Condition Ontology. These ontologies provided the framework for integration of rat phenotype data from multiple studies into a single resource as well as facilitated data integration from multiple human epidemiological studies into a centralized repository. Conclusion: An ontology based framework for phenotype measurement data affords the ability to successfully integrate vital phenotype data into critical resources, regardless of underlying technological structures allowing the user to easily query and retrieve data from multiple studies