Hall Mobility of Tellurium Films Deposited on BaTiO3 Crystal

The measurements of electrical resistivity and Hall coefficient of tellurium films deposited on polarised barium titanate single crystals have been reported; the results on glass and mica substrate are also included for comparison. The results yield a value of surface state density for tellurium to be 15 X 1O 14/cm2 volt and the energy of the surface states 0.09 e.v. below the mid gap position

Effect of Nutrients and Plant Growth Regulators on Fruit Retention, Yield and Physico-Chemical Characteristics in Aonla Cv. NA-10

To check pre-mature fruit drop in aonla cv. NA-10, an investigation was undertaken during 2007 and 2008 in a Seven year old private orchard at Jhargram, Paschim Midnapore, West Bengal, where the soil is red laterite and pH ranges between 4.5 and 5.5. Treatments included foliar spray of urea (0.2%) + DAP (0.2%), ZnSO4 (0.5%), Borax (0.4%), NAA (10 and 20 ppm), Vermiwash (3 ml/l), Humaur (2 ml/l) and water spray (control). Results of two years of investigation revealed that spray of NAA at 10 ppm was the best to increase fruit retention, followed by NAA 20 ppm, Vermiwash and Borax, which consequently resulted in the highest fruit yield of 54.9, 52.0, 46.8 and 36.2 kg/plant, respectively, against 13.8 kg in the control. Fruit weight was maximum with 0.5% ZnSO4 spray, followed by NAA 10 ppm. Fruit quality with regard to TSS, total sugar and ascorbic acid content was better in all the treated fruits compared to control

Dynamics of Sclerotium rolfsii as influenced by different crop rhizosphere and microbial community

This study was carried out with the aim of evaluating pathogenicity of Sclerotium rolfsii to different crops influenced by different crop rhizosphere microbes and their population dynamics. Napier was found to be non-preferred host against S. rolfsii pathogen. Among the seven tested crops in micro-plot study, highest level of induction of sclerotial population was observed in groundnut and cow peas (21.81 and 20.06 numbers of sclerotia /100 g of soil, respectively), whereas, reduction in sclerotial number was observed in napier, maize and sorghum plots. S. rolfsii induced damping off was found to be significantly positively correlated with average sclerotial population irrespective of plant cover even at 1% level of significance (r = 0.985) and among the microbiological parameters, FDA was found to be significantly negatively correlated with damping off disease percentage at 5% level of significance (r = - 0.830). Therefore, Napier may be the potential crop to be incorporated in the sequence of rice/vegetable based cropping system in West Bengal for management of this dreaded pathogen

Microstructural evolution, recovery and recrystallization kinetics of isothermally annealed ultra low carbon steel

The recovery and recrystallization kinetics of 80%cold rolled ultra low carbon steel are investigated during isothermally annealing for temperature ranges 350–640 °C as a function of different annealing time. The recovery is assessed by magnetic coercivity (Hc),while the recrystallization is determined by mechanical hardness.At low temperature (350 to 520 °C) annealing, recovery dominates for long time (∼12 000 s),while the annealing at 550 °C/ 900s and 580 °C/ 300s causes the recrystallized nuclei formation . The recovery kinetics is introduced by differential rate equation, explaining the reduction in coercivity with the recovery progress and the variation of an activation energy from41–113 kJmol−1. The recrystallization kinetics is found faster at high annealing temperature 640 °C than 550 and 580 °C based on hardness measurement, justifying by apparent activation energy within 114–190 kJ/mol. Furthermore, the recovery and recrystallization rate increase with different annealing time, consistent to the change of microstructures and grain boundary characteristics evaluated by the orientation imaging microscopy (OIM) of electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD)

Glass forming ability and soft-magnetic properties of Fe-based glassy alloys developed using high phosphorous pig Iron

Glass forming ability (GFA) and soft-magnetic behaviour of melt-spun Fe69C5.5P11.5Mn0.4Si2.3Cr1.8Mo1B8.5 (alloy 2) and Fe68C9P12Mn1Si3Nb2B5, (alloy 3) alloys prepared using high phosphorous pig iron (h-PI, Fe80C14P2.2Mn0.4Si3.4) has been studied. The glass formation, thermo-physical and soft-magnetic properties of the alloys were analyzed for different quenching rates by varying wheel speed as 23, 26, 33, 39 and 43 m/s. The simultaneous incorporation of alloying elements (Cr, Mo, Nb) and metalloids (C, B, P, Si) transforms h-PI to complete glassy alloy, even at low quenching rates. The melt quenching rate influences the thermal parameters and Curie temperature of glassy ribbons in an opposite way. Amongst all, FeCPMnSiCrMoB glassy alloy show superior combination of higher glass transition temperature of 788 K, super cooled region of 34 K, glass Curie temperature of 552 K, coercivity less than 13 A/m and maximum saturation magnetization of 1.1 T. In addition, the annealing treatment at 758 K improves magnetic softness (1.7 A/m) of the alloy by relaxation of quenched-in stresses. The comparison of developed glassy alloy with similar Fe-glassy alloys and SENNTIX type alloys show best combination of thermo-physical and magnetic properties. The glassy alloy prepared using blast furnace high phosphorous pig iron can be used for uniformly gapped soft-magnetic cores