Koncepcija razvoja ekoturizma u UNESCO rezervatima biosfere: Studije slučaja iz Hrvatske i Srbije

Ecotourism is a sustainable form of tourism in protected areas that provides support for nature protection and sustainable development of local communities. Biosphere reserves are special areas with a relatively original nature and active socio-economic development, as well as with cultural characteristics that must be in harmony with the ecological environment. Understanding the interaction of environmental, economic and social factors in a biosphere reserve is the basis for setting the concept of sustainable development of ecotourism. In respect to that, this paper includes an analysis of the concepts of ecotourism within the protected areas Kopački rit (Croatia) and Gornje Podunavlje (Serbia), in the biosphere reserves Mura – Drava – Dunav (Croatia) and Bačko Podunavlje (Serbia), with the main aim of making a comparative analysis of their organization. The main findings are providing the knowledge basis in terms of nature protection according to the national legislation and international nature protection statuses, nature degradation and challenges of protected area management, organization of tourism, cooperation between nature protection and tourism development, projects supporting the nature protection and ecotourism development and involvement of the local population.Ekoturizam je održivi oblik turizma koji u zaštićenim područjima pruža podršku zaštiti prirode i održivom razvoju lokalnih zajednica u njihovu okruženju. Rezervati biosfere posebna su područja s relativno izvornom prirodom i aktivnim društveno-ekonomskim razvojem, kao i s kulturnim osobnostima koje moraju biti suglasne s ekološkim okruženjem. Spoznaja o interakciji ekoloških, ekonomskih, kulturnih i društvenih čimbenika u nekom rezervatu biosfere predstavlja temelj za postavljanje koncepcije održivog razvoja ekoturizma. Ovaj rad obuhvaća analizu koncepcija razvoja ekoturizma zaštićenih područja Kopački rit (Hrvatska) i Gornje Podunavlje (Srbija), u rezervatima biosfere Mura – Drava – Dunav (Hrvatska) i Bačko Podunavlje (Srbija), s glavnim ciljem da se napravi usporedna analiza njihove opće organizacije. Rezultati istraživanja pružaju ključne informacije o zaštiti prirode u skladu s nacionalnim zakonodavstvima i međunarodnim standardima zaštite prirode, degradacije prirode i izazova upravljanja zaštićenim područjima, organizacije ekoturizma, povezanosti između zaštite prirode i razvoja ekoturizma, projekata koji podržavaju zaštitu prirode i razvoj ekoturizma i uključivanja lokalnog stanovništva u daljnji razvoj

Nature protection and sustainable tourism interaction in selected Ramsar sites in Vojvodina (Northern Serbia)

This paper explores wetland-based tourism in four Ramsar sites in northern Serbian province Vojvodina, as well as a connection between tourism and nature protection. These regions are of great importance for Vojvodina, especially from the point of view of ecosystem services, because 83.3% of its territory are agricultural areas. Explored Ramsar sites were designated in period from 2004 to 2008 and they have been included in many plans as important areas for tourism development. However, the level of tourism development in these sites is not uniform because it depends on variety of factors such as touristic attractions value, engagement of nature protection managers in tourism development, and level of nature degradation and protection. The main objective of this paper is to determine the interconnection between nature degradation, nature protection and tourism development in selected Ramsar areas of Vojvodina, based on the Internal data of protected area managers,Report on the state of the environment and the scope of tourism development (infrastructure, services, development plans)

STR loci D19S216, D20S502 and D20S842 analysis in the Serbian population using dentin DNA

Dentin provides a protective enclosure for genomic and mitochondrial DNA. In the present study, DNA was obtained from pulverized or ground teeth. The quality of the DNA extracted from the teeth of 70 unrelated individuals was tested in the context of assessing the allelic and genotypic frequencies of autosomal loci D19S216, D20S502 and D20S842, and calculating a number of parameters of population genetics and forensic interest. This study illustrates that teeth can be a convenient tissue to extract DNA from large numbers of individuals for population genetic studies as well as for forensic case work

Poster: "Upcycling of waste polyurethane foam into absorbent pellets"

Although many recycling/upcycling methods for polyurethane waste have been examined and devised so far (Kemona and Malgorzata, 2020), the mechanical method is, by nature, the least energy and resource consuming, and should be explored in all possible respects. In the present work, a variant of the process of mechanical upcycling of polyurethane foam into absorption pellets is devised and installed in a production line, as part of the regular recycling operations at E-Reciklaža 2010 company in Serbia. Polyurethane foam's spongy properties, with affinity to oils and greases, are utilised to produce a useful absorbent material for collecting and containing waste oil, grease and emulsions. This has shown to be an effective way of mitigating oil and grease contamination of surfaces, even in challenging weather conditions, due to the chemical affinity of the material primarily towards oils and greases. The technology is based on extracting the material from electrical appliances (e.g. refrigerators), crushing and milling of the starting material to powder with granulation of cca. 0.25 mm. This is then followed by controlled humidifying to about 17%, in order to obtain the optimum for pelletisation. The pelletisation is carried out under these conditions in a dedicated machine (Figure 1) with two outputs - the pellet and the excess water vapour, which is condensed. The pellet is then treated on a vibrational surface, where fine powder is sucked in by a cyclone device, and the rest is sorted. In this way three granulations are obtained: coarse (~8 mm, 30%), fine (~3 mm, 65%), and powder (~0.25 mm, 5%). The process is similar to other processes of obtaining absorbent pellets (e.g. www.seg-online.de) but is adapted to the specific characteristics of the incoming material of the local/regional market, and offering greater variety of output products, for a greater spectrum of uses (e.g. fine powder can be effectively used on flat or polished surfaces, or introduced into streams with controlled dosage, etc.).Abstract: [https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/7693]Poster presented at 11th International Conference on Sustainable Solid Waste Management, Rhodes 2024, June 19-22, 2024, Rhodes, Greec

Thermal assessments at local and micro scales during hot summer days: a case study of Belgrade (Serbia)

Increasing thermal risk in cities is endangering the health and well-being of urban population and is driven by climate change and intensive urbanization. Therefore, if we plan to enlarge the capacities of cities to be more climate resilient in the 21st century, more detailed monitoring of urban climate on local and micro scales is needed. For this research we performed two microclimate measurement campaigns in urban area of Belgrade, during hot summer days in 2021. In total, five measurement sites were chosen in different urban designs and different local climate zones (LCZs). For thermal monitoring (air temperature – Ta and globe temperature – Tg) the Kestrel heat stress tracker sensor with 1-min measurement resolution was used, but we used 10-min average values. Obtained results showed distinct thermal differences (up to 7 °C on average) between densely built-up areas and green areas. Differences between built-up LCZs are lower with values from 2 to 4 °C. Important part of this research was microclimate monitoring on sites within the same LCZ (intra-LCZ variability). Results showed that shadows and short- and longwave radiation play a paramount role in thermal variability. Direct and reflected radiations on one measurement site increased Ta up to 6 °C and Tg up to 12 °C when compared to other measurement site (in a similar urban design), which was in the shadow

Thermal assessments at local and micro scales during hot summer days: a case study of Belgrade (Serbia)

Increasing thermal risk in cities is endangering the health and well-being of urban population and is driven by climate change and intensive urbanization. Therefore, if we plan to enlarge the capacities of cities to be more climate resilient in the 21st century, more detailed monitoring of urban climate on local and micro scales is needed. For this research we performed two microclimate measurement campaigns in urban area of Belgrade, during hot summer days in 2021. In total, five measurement sites were chosen in different urban designs and different local climate zones (LCZs). For thermal monitoring (air temperature – Ta and globe temperature – Tg) the Kestrel heat stress tracker sensor with 1-min measurement resolution was used, but we used 10-min average values. Obtained results showed distinct thermal differences (up to 7 °C on average) between densely built-up areas and green areas. Differences between built-up LCZs are lower with values from 2 to 4 °C. Important part of this research was microclimate monitoring on sites within the same LCZ (intra-LCZ variability). Results showed that shadows and short- and longwave radiation play a paramount role in thermal variability. Direct and reflected radiations on one measurement site increased Ta up to 6 °C and Tg up to 12 °C when compared to other measurement site (in a similar urban design), which was in the shadow

Analysis of air temperature dynamics in the “local climate zones” of Novi Sad (Serbia) based on long-term database from an urban meteorological network

A comprehensive analysis of air temperature (Ta) dynamics in “local climate zones” (LCZs) of Novi Sad (Serbia) was based on measurements from 17 stations during 3 years. Hourly changes of Ta, cooling rates (CR), heating rates (HR), and urban heat island (UHI) intensity were assessed on seasonal and annual level and during heat wave (HW) and cold wave (CW) periods. Substantial differences are observed for minimum (Tmin) and mean temperatures (Tmean) between LCZs. Two-phase nocturnal cooling was recognized with the first cooling phase characterized by intensive LCZ dependent cooling starting at 1–3 h before sunset and lasting until 3–4 h after sunset. The second cooling phase lasts until sunrise and is characterized by less intensive and LCZ nondependent cooling. The most intensive cooling (CRpeak) was observed in first cooling phase of HW and ranged from − 1.6 °C h−1 in street canyon (LCZ 2) to − 3.9 °C h−1 in forest (LCZ A). Furthermore, a new cooling indicator (CRtotal) was introduced. Due to cooling differences, the most intensive UHI of 5.5 °C was noticed between LCZs 2 and A at sunset + 1 h during HW. Two-phase diurnal heating was also recognized in LCZs with the first heating phase characterized by intensive LCZ dependent heating starting at sunrise and lasting until 4–7 h afterwards. The most intensive heating (HRpeak) ranged from 2.0 °C h−1 in street canyon to 3.0 °C h−1 in industrial area (LCZ 8) during HW. The second heating phase lasts until sunset and is characterized by less intensive heating and smaller HR differences between LCZs

Long-Term Assessment of Bioclimatic Conditions at Micro and Local Scales in the Cities of the Western Part of the Balkan Peninsula during the 21st Century

Thermal comfort assessments at local or micro-scales within urban areas can provide crucial insights for the urban adaptation strategies pertaining to climate-conscious urban planning and public health. However, the availability of long-term or mid-term daily or hourly meteorological data sets from urban environments remains a significant challenge even in the 21st century. Consequently, this study aimed to assess the thermal conditions in cities across the western part of the Balkan Peninsula, encompassing five countries (Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro), by utilizing the Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) index. Meteorological data sets, comprising air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and cloudiness, were collected from 32 national meteorological stations/measurement locations spanning the period from 2001 to 2020. The PET calculations were conducted based on meteorological data measured three times per day (7 a.m., 2 p.m., and 9 p.m.). Upon conducting a spatial analysis of the meteorological stations, it was observed that most of them (25 stations) were situated within built-up areas or urban suburbs, rendering them highly relevant for local or micro-scale climate and bioclimate assessments. The findings revealed that urban locations exhibited slightly higher PET heat stress levels, particularly during the summer season and at 2 p.m. Moreover, higher average PET values were observed in both urban and non-urban stations situated within a continental climate during warmer periods, such as summer. In contrast, during the colder seasons, namely winter and spring, higher PET values were prevalent in the Mediterranean region. Furthermore, the PET frequency analysis revealed a greater prevalence of extreme and severe heat stress levels in stations within continental climates, particularly those located in urban areas, as compared to stations in Mediterranean climates. In contrast, during the winter and spring seasons, monitoring stations in close proximity to the Adriatic Sea, characterized by a Mediterranean climate, exhibited significantly lower levels of cold stress compared to inland stations. Evidently, in addition to the climatic characteristics and surrounding terrain, the urban morphology significantly impacts the thermal conditions within cities

Poster: "Green chemistry: trends in Serbia (2014-2024)"

Green chemistry has emerged as a significant field in science in recent years due to environmental concerns, the need to mitigate chemicals health hazards, regulatory pressure, and economic benefits. This paper analyzes the trend of scientific publications on green chemistry in Serbia over the last 10 years. For this purpose, data were retrieved from the Scopus through a search for the study period, 2014-2024, limited to Serbia. In total, 96 records were retrieved. The results showed that green chemistry is increasingly prevalent in different fields of knowledge in Serbia, with the highest percentages in chemistry (22.1%), biochemistry, genetics, and molecular biology (19.1%), environmental science (13.6%), The number of publications first peaked in 2018, decreasing in subsequent years probably due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and then peaking again even more in 2022. Concerning the type of publication, most publications are Articles (90.6%) and Reviews (7.3%), with more than half affiliated with the University of Belgrade (56 documents). The obtained results indicate that the green chemistry in Serbia is becoming more recognizable among researchers in recent years, and it can be assumed that this interest will continue to trend upwards.Poster presented at 60th Meeting of the Serbian Chemical Society, Niš, Serbia, June 8-9, 2024.Abstract: [https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/7647

Green chemistry: trends in Serbia (2014-2024)

Zelena hemija je postala značajno polje nauke usled ekoloških izazova, potrebe za smanjenjem zdravstvenih rizika od opasnih hemikalija, regulatornog pritiska i ekonomskih benefita. Ovaj rad analizira trend naučnih publikacija iz zelene hemije u Srbiji u poslednjih 10 godina. Podaci su prikupljeni sa platforme Scopus za period 2014.-2024. godine, za Srbiju. Ukupno je prikupljeno 96 zapisa. Rezultati ukazuju da zelena hemija sve više dobija značaj u različitim oblastima znanja u Srbiji, sa najvećim procentima u hemiji (22,1%), biohemiji, genetici i molekularnoj biologiji (19,1%) i životnoj sredini (13,6%). Broj publikacija je dostigao prvi pik 2018. godine, zatim opao u narednim godinama verovatno zbog pandemije COVID-19, i ponovo dostigao još viši pik 2022. godine. Što se tiče vrsta publikacija, većinu čine članci (90,6%) i pregledni radovi (7,3%), pri čemu je više od polovine povezano sa Univerzitetom u Beogradu (56 zapisa). Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju da zelena hemija u Srbiji postaje sve prepoznatljivija među istraživačima poslednjih godina, i može se pretpostaviti da će ovaj trend nastaviti da raste.Green chemistry has emerged as a significant field in science in recent years due to environmental concerns, the need to mitigate chemicals health hazards, regulatory pressure, and economic benefits. This paper analyzes the trend of scientific publications on green chemistry in Serbia over the last 10 years. For this purpose, data were retrieved from the Scopus through a search for the study period, 2014-2024, limited to Serbia. In total, 96 records were retrieved. The results showed that green chemistry is increasingly prevalent in different fields of knowledge in Serbia, with the highest percentages in chemistry (22.1%), biochemistry, genetics, and molecular biology (19.1%), environmental science (13.6%), The number of publications first peaked in 2018, decreasing in subsequent years probably due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and then peaking again even more in 2022. Concerning the type of publication, most publications are Articles (90.6%) and Reviews (7.3%), with more than half affiliated with the University of Belgrade (56 documents). The obtained results indicate that the green chemistry in Serbia is becoming more recognizable among researchers in recent years, and it can be assumed that this interest will continue to trend upwards.Poster: [https://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/7648