FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRODUKSI PADI SAWAH TADAH HUJAN DI DESA UMBU PABAL KECAMATAN UMBU RATU NGGAY BARAT KABUPATEN SUMBA TENGAH

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi padi sawah tadah hujan di Desa Umbu Pabal Kecamatan Umbu Ratu Nggay Barat. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif kemudian untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh terhadap produksi padi digunakan analisis regresi linear berganda. Teknik pengambilan sampel petani padi sawah tadah hujan dilakukan dengan metode simple random sampling dan jumlah petani sebanyak 321 KK. Secara bersama-sama faktor produksi luas lahan, benih, urea, NPK, herbisida, dan tenaga kerja berpengaruh terhadap produksi padi sawah tadah hujan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai koefisien determinasi R² sebesar 0,613 hal ini memiliki pengertian bahwa variabel-variabel tersebut memperngaruhi produksi padi sebesar 61,3%, dan sisanya 38,7% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain diluar model ini

Study on the effects of a natural Maedi visna virus infection on sheep productivity

A cohort study was conducted in order to measure the effect of the chronic indurative lymphocytic mastitis caused by the South African strain ofMaedi visna virus (SA-OMVV) on the pre-weaning growth of lambs born of naturally infected and uninfected ewes kept under similar conditions. 50 naturally infected ewes and 40 controls from an MVV-free source were purchased and kept separately. All ewes were of the same breed - the Dorper¬and 3 to 4 years old. From the adaptation period, through mating, pregnancy and lactation periods they were monitored for MVV antibodies and managed under similar conditions. The lambs were weighed at birth and thereafter every two weeks until the age of 90 days, when they were weaned. The ewes were slaughtered, their udders examined histologically and the lesions were assessed by counting typical lymphocytic follicles. Although the observed values indicated a correlation between the number of follicles in the udder and the reduction in the growth rate of the lambs, this was not statistically significant. Similarly, despite higher counts of lymphoid follicles in the udder of sero-positive ewes as compared to sero-negatives and the observed lower ewe productivity indexes (EPI) in infected ewes, no statistically significant differences were found in the EPI of ewes in different follicle categories. The present study was a first attempt to evaluate the effect of the SA-OMVV infection on sheep productivity in South Africa.Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2000.Production Animal StudiesUnrestricte

Systemic amyloidosis in England: an epidemiological study.

Epidemiological studies of systemic amyloidosis are scarce and the burden of disease in England has not previously been estimated. In 1999, the National Health Service commissioned the National Amyloidosis Centre (NAC) to provide a national clinical service for all patients with amyloidosis. Data for all individuals referred to the NAC is held on a comprehensive central database, and these were compared with English death certificate data for amyloidosis from 2000 to 2008, obtained from the Office of National Statistics. Amyloidosis was stated on death certificates of 2543 individuals, representing 0·58/1000 recorded deaths. During the same period, 1143 amyloidosis patients followed at the NAC died, 903 (79%) of whom had amyloidosis recorded on their death certificates. The estimated minimum incidence of systemic amyloidosis in the English population in 2008, based on new referrals to the NAC, was 0·4/100 000 population. The incidence peaked at age 60-79 years. Systemic AL amyloidosis was the most common type with an estimated minimum incidence of 0·3/100 000 population. Although there are various limitations to this study, the available data suggest the incidence of systemic amyloidosis in England exceeds 0·8/100 000 of the population

Field survey for major infectious and reproductive diseases responsible for losses and low productivity of ruminants amongst the Nigerian Fulani pastoralists

Background: Animal disease constitutes a major hurdle to improved livelihoods in rural Nigeria through the challenges of loss of productivity, livestock morbidity and mortality including reproductive losses. In order to design and implement impactful interventions, baseline data on the causes of such losses are needed. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to carry out targeted field surveys, including interviews with ruminant farmers, veterinary professionals and other stakeholders in livestock farming to establish the main causes of disease and mortality including abortions in cattle and small ruminants (SR).Methods: Northern Nigeria was selected because the majority of the nation’s ruminants belong to pastoralists who are primarily resident in this region. Seven states; Bauchi, Kaduna, Kano, Nasarawa, Niger, Sokoto and Zamfara states were surveyed. The responses were collated and a comprehensive descriptive analysis was carried out.Results: Average cattle herd sizes ranged from 28 in Zamfara to 103 in Nasarawa; and from 27 in Kano to 128 in Sokoto for SR. In cattle, Trypanosomosis (with 4.27% mortality rate), foot and mouth disease (3.81%), nutritional insufficiency (1.93%) and contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP; 1.44%) were the top four diseases/health problems that resulted in the highest mortality due to diseases within each state surveyed. For SR, trypanosomosis (with 6.85% mortality rate), Peste des Petits Ruminants (4.99%), orf (3.06%), foot rot (2.97%) and foot and mouth disease (2.94%) were the most important diseases responsible for the highest number of mortalities and culling for disease.Conclusions: The study revealed that there are significant losses via mortalities due to the occurrence of disease amongst the ruminant populations countrywide, as evidenced by the high overall mortality rates of both cattle (15.3%) and small ruminants (30.9%) from various diseases. Also, reproductive losses of 8.7% and 16.6% in cattle and SR, respectively, were recorded amongst the farmers involve

Senile Systemic Amyloidosis: Clinical Features at Presentation and Outcome

Background Cardiac amyloidosis is a fatal disease whose prognosis and treatment rely on identification of the amyloid type. In our aging population transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRwt) is common and must be differentiated from other amyloid types. We report the clinical presentation, natural history, and prognostic features of ATTRwt compared with cardiac‐isolated AL amyloidosis and calculate the probability of disease diagnosis of ATTRwt from baseline factors. Methods and Results All patients with biopsy‐proven ATTRwt (102 cases) and isolated cardiac AL (36 cases) seen from 2002 to 2011 at the UK National Amyloidosis Center were included. Median survival from the onset of symptoms was 6.07 years in the ATTRwt group and 1.7 years in the AL group. Positive troponin, a pacemaker, and increasing New York Heart Association (NYHA) class were associated with worse survival in ATTRwt patients on univariate analysis. All patients with isolated cardiac AL and 24.1% of patients with ATTRwt had evidence of a plasma cell dyscrasia. Older age and lower N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT pro‐BNP) were factors significantly associated with ATTRwt. Patients aged 70 years and younger with an NT pro‐BNP <183 pmol/L were more likely to have ATTRwt, as were patients older than 70 years with an NT pro‐BNP <1420 pmol/L. Conclusions Factors at baseline associated with a worse outcome in ATTRwt are positive troponin T, a pacemaker, and NYHA class IV symptoms. The age of the patient at diagnosis and NT pro‐BNP level can aid in distinguishing ATTRwt from AL amyloidosis

The effect of a natural maedi-visna virus infection on the productivity of South African sheep

A cohort study was conducted in order to measure the effect of the chronic indurative lymphocytic mastitis caused by the South African strain of maedi visna virus (MVV) on the pre-weaning growth of lambs born either of naturally infected or uninfected ewes kept under similar conditions. Fifty naturally infected ewes as well as another 40 from a maedi-visna-free source to be used as control animals, were purchased and kept in separate flocks which were managed in a similar way. All the ewes were of the same breed and 3-4 years old. During the adaptation period, and through the mating, pregnancy and lactation periods they were periodically monitored for the presence of MVV serum antibodies. The lambs were weighed at birth and thereafter every 2 weeks until the age of 90 days, when they were weaned. The ewes were then slaughtered, and their udders examined histologically and the number of lymphocytic follicles were counted and assessed. Although the calculated values indicated a correlation between the number of follicles in the udder and the reduction in the growth rate of the lambs, this was not statistically significant. Similarly, despite higher counts of lymphoid follicles in the udders of sero-positive ewes as compared to those that were sero-negative and the lower ewe productivity indexes in infected ewes, no statistically significant differences were found in the indexes of ewes in different follicle categories.The articles have been scanned in colour with a HP Scanjet 5590; 600dpi. Adobe Acrobat v.9 was used to OCR the text and also for the merging and conversion to the final presentation PDF-format.South African Wool and Meat Board. South African Agricultural Research Council.mn201

Stress perfusion cardiovascular magnetic resonance and serial fractional flow reserve assessment of the left anterior descending artery in patients undergoing right coronary artery chronic total occlusion revascularization

Background: Fractional flow reserve (FFR) assessment of remote arteries, in the context of a bystander chronic total occlusion (CTO), can lead to false positive results. Adenosine stress cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) evaluates perfusion defects across the entire myocardium and may therefore be a reliable tool in the work-up of remote lesions in CTO patients. The IMPACT-CTO study investigated donor artery invasive physiology before, immediately post, and at 4 months following right coronary artery (RCA) CTO percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The aim of this subanalysis was to assess the concordance between baseline perfusion CMR and serial FFR evaluation of left anterior descending artery (LAD) ischemia in patients from the IMPACT-CTO study.Methods: Baseline adenosine stress CMR examinations from 26 patients were analyzed for qualitative evidence of LAD ischemia. The results were correlated with the serial LAD FFR measurements.Results: The present findings demonstrated that before RCA CTO PCI, there was 62% agreement between perfusion CMR and FFR (ischemic threshold £ 0.8) in the assessment of LAD ischemia (k = 0.29; fair concordance). At 4 months after revascularization, there was 77% agreement (k = 0.52; moderate concordance) between the index CMR assessment of LAD ischemia and the follow-up LAD FFR. Concordance was improved at a LAD FFR ischemic threshold of £ 0.75.Conclusions: In this hypothesis generating study, baseline CMR assessment of LAD ischemia correlated better with the 4 months LAD FFR data (threshold £ 0.8) as compared to the FFR measurements taken prior to RCA CTO revascularization