Effects of dietary total sulphur amino acids to lysine ratio on performance, nitrogen utilization of Ac layers (black-boned chicken)

A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary total sulphur amino acids (TSAA) to lysine (Lys) ratio on performance of Ac layers (black-boned chicken). A total of 800 laying hens from 38 to 50 weeks old was allocated according to a completely randomized design with five treatments and 20 replicates of 8 birds each. The basal diet was formulated with 16% crude protein (CP), 2755 kcal/kg of metabolizable energy (ME), 0.482% methionine, 0.925% TSAA and 1.12% lysine. The TSAA/Lys ratio of the basal diet was 0.85. The basal diet plus four diets were formulated, two with TSSA levels at 10% and 20% below and two at 10% and 20% above that of the basal diet, giving 0.762%, 0.857%, 1.047% and 1.142% TSAA, respectively with the basal at 0.925% TSAA. The 10% decrease or increase in TSAA from 0.952% did not affect feed intake or egg production. However, further TSAA decreases from 0.857% to 0.762% led to reducing egg weight, which increased with a curvilinear trend as the level of TSAA in the diets was increased. TSAA influenced nitrogen retention in a quadratic trend, with hens fed diets containing 0.952% and 1.047 % TSAA retaining more nitrogen than the other treatments. Increasing dietary TSAA increased the white and yolk index and Haugh unit, whereas egg shell thickness, yolk colour and egg components were not influenced. The TSAA/Lys ratio of 0.85 improved egg weight and nitrogen retention of Ac layers.Keywords: Egg weight, feed intake, performance, production, nitrogen retention, sulphur amino aci

Quality of public health services and household health care decisions in rural communes of Vietnam

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:7762.3527(IDS-RR--27) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Zanthoxylum avicennae extracts inhibit cell proliferation through protein phosphatase 2A activation in HA22T human hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo

Hepatocellular carcinoma is a common type of cancer that is usually associated with poor prognosis. In this study, we examined the in vitro and in vivo mechanisms of the traditional Vietnamese herb Zanthoxylum avicennae on the inhibition of HA22T human hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation. HA22T cells were treated with different concentrations of Zanthoxylum avicennae extracts (YBBEs) and analyzed with the MTT assay, western blot analysis, flow cytometry, siRNA transfection assays and co-immunoprecipitation assay. Additionally, the HA22T-implanted xenograft nude mouse model was applied to confirm the cellular effects. YBBEs showed a strong inhibition of HA22T cell viability in a dose-dependent manner and significantly reduced cell proliferation-related proteins as well as induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) siRNA or okadaic acid totally blocked YBBE-mediated cell proliferation inhibition. In addition, an HA22T-implanted nude mouse model further confirmed that YBBEs inhibit HA22T tumor cell growth and downregulate the survival and cell cycle regulating proteins, as well as activate the PP2A protein. Our findings indicate that the inhibition of HA22T cell proliferation by YBBEs is mediated through PP2A activation

Effect of double dose oseltamivir on clinical and virological outcomes in children and adults admitted to hospital with severe influenza: Double blind randomised controlled trial

10.1136/bmj.f3039BMJ (Online)3467911-BMJO