19 research outputs found
The Stokes Phenomenon and Quantum Tunneling for de Sitter Radiation in Nonstationary Coordinates
We study quantum tunneling for the de Sitter radiation in the planar
coordinates and global coordinates, which are nonstationary coordinates and
describe the expanding geometry. Using the phase-integral approximation for the
Hamilton-Jacobi action in the complex plane of time, we obtain the
particle-production rate in both coordinates and derive the additional
sinusoidal factor depending on the dimensionality of spacetime and the quantum
number for spherical harmonics in the global coordinates. This approach
resolves the factor of two problem in the tunneling method.Comment: LaTex 10 pages, no figur
Does remifentanil attenuate renal ischemia-reperfusion injury better than dexmedetomidine in rat kidney?
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common cause of patient morbidity and mortality in the perioperative period. Patients undergoing long-lasting, abdominal, and urogenital surgeries with risk factors such as advanced age, peripheral artery disease, diabetes mellitus, renovascular disease, and congestive heart failure are candidates for acute kidney injury (AKI) due to impaired renal perfusion and decreased functional renal reserve. Pharmacological agents with multiple functions and anti-oxidative and anti-inflammation properties may be promising preventative strategies for AKI. Recently, dexmedetomidine (dex) has been postulated to have renoprotective effects
Does remifentanil attenuate renal ischemia-reperfusion injury better than dexmedetomidine in rat kidney?
Background: Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common cause of
patient morbidity and mortality in the perioperative period. Patients
undergoing long-lasting, abdominal, and urogenital surgeries with risk
factors such as advanced age, peripheral artery disease, diabetes
mellitus, renovascular disease, and congestive heart failure are
candidates for acute kidney injury (AKI) due to impaired renal perfusion
and decreased functional renal reserve. Pharmacological agents with
multiple functions and anti-oxidative and anti-inflammation properties
may be promising preventative strategies for AKI. Recently,
dexmedetomidine (dex) has been postulated to have renoprotective
effects.
Objectives: We aimed to investigate the protective effects of an
intravenous anesthetic remifentanil in renal I/R injury in the rat in
comparison with dex.
Materials and methods: A total of 30 Sprague Dawley adult rats were
randomly assigned into five groups: the control group (group C, n=6),
the sham group (group Sh, n=6, saline-infused rats without I/R injury),
the saline group (group S, n=6, saline-infused rats with I/R injury),
the remifentanil-treated group (group REM, n=6), and the
dexmedetomidine-treated group (group DEX, n=6). The infusions (saline,
remifentanil, and dex) were started after anesthesia induction and right
nephrectomy and continued until the end of the surgical procedure. In
I/R injury groups, the left renal artery and vein were occluded together
by a clamp for 30 minutes and reperfusion lasted for 30 minutes. The
rats were sacrificed after reperfusion, and the left kidney tissue was
harvested. Blood samples were drawn from all animals to evaluate plasma
neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) at the beginning, 15
minutes after ischemia, 15 minutes after reperfusion, and 6 hours after
the surgical procedure (T0, T1, T2, and T3, respectively).
Results: The plasma NGAL levels exhibited increase at T1, T2, and T3
compared to the levels at T0 in group S (P < 0.05).In group REM, there
was a significant increase in plasma NGAL levels at T3 in comparison to
those at T0, T1, and T2. The plasma NGAL levels at T2 in group S were
significantly higher than those at T2 in group DEX (P < 0.05). The
groups S and REM showed significantly higher plasma NGAL levels at T3
compared to those at T0 (P < 0.05). Upon histological examination, there
was no difference among the study groups when left kidneys were
evaluated (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: The NGAL levels and histopathological findings reflected
protection by dex against renal I/R injury. However, the same exact
results could not be mentioned for remifentanil depending on our study
results