A dinosaurian facial deformity and the first occurrence of ameloblastoma in the fossil record

Despite documentation of various types of neoplastic pathologies encountered in the vertebrate fossil record, no ameloblastic tumours have been recognised so far. Ameloblastoma is a benign neoplasic tumour with a strong preponderance for the mandible. Here, we report for the first time the presence of an ameloblastoma neoplasm in the lower jaw of a specimen referred to the derived non-hadrosaurid hadrosauroid dinosaur Telmatosaurus transsylvanicus from the uppermost Cretaceous of the Haeg Basin in Romania. The location, external appearance and internal structure of the pathological outgrowth provide clear evidence for the diagnosis of ameloblastoma in Telmatosaurus. This report extends the range of pathologies encountered in hadrosauroid dinosaurs. In addition, recognition of an ameloblastoma neoplasm in a taxon lying close to the origin of ‘duck-billed’ hadrosaurid dinosaurs confirms the predisposition of this clade towards neoplasia pathologies already in its basal members

Registered replication report: a large multilab cross-cultural conceptual replication of Turri, Buckwalter, & Blouw (2015)

According to the Justified True Belief account of knowledge (JTB), a person can only truly know something if they have a belief that is both justified and true (i.e., knowledge is justified true belief). This account was challenged by Gettier (1963), who argued that JTB does not explain knowledge attributions in certain situations, later called Gettier-type cases, wherein a protagonist is justified in believing something to be true, but their belief was only correct due to luck. Lay people may not attribute knowledge to protagonists with justified but only luckily true beliefs. While some research has found evidence for these so-called Gettier intuitions (e.g., Machery et al., 2017a), Turri et al. (2015) found no evidence that participants attributed knowledge in a counterfeit-object Gettier-type case differently than in a matched case of justified true belief. In a large-scale, cross-cultural conceptual replication of Turri and colleagues’ (2015) Experiment 1 (N = 4,724) using a within-participants design and three vignettes across 19 geopolitical regions, we did find evidence for Gettier intuitions; participants were 1.86 times more likely to attribute knowledge to protagonists in standard cases of justified true belief than to protagonists in Gettier-type cases. These results suggest that Gettier intuitions may be detectable across different scenarios and cultural contexts. However, the size of the Gettier intuition effect did vary by vignette, and the Turri et al. (2015) vignette produced the smallest effect, which was similar in size to that observed in the original study. Differences across vignettes suggest epistemic intuitions may also depend on contextual factors unrelated to the criteria of knowledge, such as the characteristics of the protagonist being evaluated

Psychopathy and Machiavellianism in Two Judicial Samples: Inmates and Attorneys

The present study examined the specific features of psychopathy and Machiavellianism in two judicial samples, one of inmates and one of attorneys. Participants included 225 prisoners (135 males and 90 females) and 38 lawyers (16 males and 22 females) that completed Hare Self-Report Psychopathy Scale Version III (SRP-III) and Mach-IV scale for Machiavellianism. We expected that psychopathic manifestations would be more prevalent in the prison sample and that lawyers would have Mach scores similar to inmates, due to their constant interaction with the criminal environment. Surprisingly, results showed that male attorneys scored higher than male inmates on the "Interpersonal Manipulation", "Callous Affect", "Erratic Lifestyle" subscales, and Machiavellianism, while in the female sample, the differences confirmed our expectations. These findings suggest that psychopathic and Machiavellian characteristics could not always be directly linked to criminal behavior and that psychopathic personality features can emerge in the absence of antisocial behavior

Proportion based protocols for load balancing and lifetime maximization in wireless sensor networks

International audienceThis paper presents the problem of minimizing energy consumption and maximizing lifetime in a many-to-one sensor network. In such network pattern, all sensor nodes generate and send data to a single and fixed base station (BS), via multi-hop transmissions. When all the sensor data have to be forwarded to a single BS via multi-hop routing, the traffic pattern is highly non-uniform, putting a high burden on the sensor nodes close to the BS. Some strategies that balance the energy consumption of the nodes and ensure maximum network lifetime by balancing the load are proposed and analyzed. The key element of the research is the use of multiple transmission power levels. We studied an optimal solution for calculating the hop-by-hop traffic proportions for the particular case of nodes having just two transmission power levels, and compared the results given by the heuristics with those from the optimal analytical case. Another goal is to propose and implement a systematic approach for the construction of the sensor network based on real sensor nodes. The neighbor discovery phase, the way in which the BS finds out the network topology and than impose the strategy and decide whether the nodes to act locally or respect the instruction from the sink are part of the protocol that is described in the paper

Proportion Based Protocols for Load Balancing and Lifetime Maximization in Wireless Sensor Networks

International audienc

MAINTAINING IN OPERATION OF WELDED METAL STRUCTURES BY CHANGING THEIR USE

Existing old structures are, in most cases, dismantled. Taking into account the technical state of the structure, it is possible to analyze a reuse solution. Re-use of existing structures is a real concept linked to sustainability. When old structures are no longer able to meet current needs, the reuse concept can provide them with a second life in terms of the sustainable development concep

HISTORICAL WELDED STEEL STRUCTURES - QUALITY IN WELDING AND EXECUTION CLASSES ACCORDING TO SR EN-1090

The importance of standardization for the historical welded steel structures is well evidenced by the examples which occur day by day around us. This paper highlights the fact that the designer, beneficiary and execution all must attach great importance to the strict compliance of the standards; communication between designer - beneficiary - executor is very important. The decision to apply for a particular class of consequence and execution class of a structure or some elements of it is very important; if from the beginning the choice of a class consequence or execution class is incorect can occur unpleasant events. Through the examples presented in the paper highlights the importance of framing a structure or its elements depending on the loads they are subjected and its importance

Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Non-Pharmaceutical Ischemic Stroke Therapy in Aged Subjects

The incidence of ischemic stroke in humans increases exponentially above 70 years both in men and women. Comorbidities like diabetes, arterial hypertension or co-morbidity factors such as hypercholesterolemia, obesity and body fat distribution as well as fat-rich diet and physical inactivity are common in elderly persons and are associated with higher risk of stroke, increased mortality and disability. Obesity could represent a state of chronic inflammation that can be prevented to some extent by non-pharmaceutical interventions such as calorie restriction and hypothermia. Indeed, recent results suggest that H2S-induced hypothermia in aged, overweight rats could have a higher probability of success in treating stroke as compared to other monotherapies, by reducing post-stroke brain inflammation. Likewise, it was recently reported that weight reduction prior to stroke, in aged, overweight rats induced by caloric restriction, led to an early re-gain of weight and a significant improvement in recovery of complex sensorimotor skills, cutaneous sensitivity, or spatial memory. Conclusion: animal models of stroke done in young animals ignore age-associated comorbidities and may explain, at least in part, the unsuccessful bench-to-bedside translation of neuroprotective strategies for ischemic stroke in aged subjects