Vieillesse, monde de femmes

Cet article condamne la pratique habituelle de mettre les personnes âgées dans une seule catégorie sans sexe, et faire croire que le vieillissement est principalement une question féminine. Il argumente que la différence cruciale entre les femmes âgées et les hommes est que les hommes ont perdu leur vie professionnelle mais gardé la même situation familiale, alors que la plupart des femmes ont perdu leur emploi et leur vie familiale en devenant veuves. Après avoir donné des exemples spécifiques qui sont particuliers aux femmes âgées, l'auteure démontre que la plupart d'entre eux ne sont pas inévitables, mais sont plutôt le produit de la socialisation à des rôles sexués.This article condemns the common practice of lumping old people in one sexless category, and makes the point that aging is mainly a woman's issue. It argues that the crucial difference between elderly women and men is that men lose their professional life but keep the same family situation, while most women lose both their job and their family life through becoming widows. After giving specific examples of problems that are particular to old women, the author demonstrates that most of them are not inevitable but are instead the product of sex role socialization

L’effort consacré à la recherche et au développement : un facteur explicatif de la structure et de l’évolution des exportations de pays industrialisés

The aim of this study is to throw some new light on the empirical testing of the technological gap theory. The author studies the structure and growth of the exports of nine industrial countries in sixteen manufactured commodity groups during the 1963-1969 period. While it has been customary in the literature to link a country's export shares to the industries' R and D intensity, a distinction is made in this study between the R and D intensity and effort and it is concluded that a country's export structure and growth should be expressed as a function of its R and D relative effort in the different industries. Some empirical evidence of this new relationship is then given in static and dynamic settings

Taxation of the Spouses: A Comparison of Canadian, American, British, French and Swedish Law

In examining the treatment of families v. individual taxpayers under the tax systems of five different countries, Louise Dulude begins by tracing each system\u27s political and historical evolution. She provides criteria for an ideal choice of tax unit against which the existing five systems are measured and reviews the political and philosophical rationales preventing adoption of this ideal

Taxation of the Spouses: A Comparison of Canadian, American, British, French and Swedish Law

In examining the treatment of families v. individual taxpayers under the tax systems of five different countries, Louise Dulude begins by tracing each system\u27s political and historical evolution. She provides criteria for an ideal choice of tax unit against which the existing five systems are measured and reviews the political and philosophical rationales preventing adoption of this ideal

Les flux technologiques interindustriels : une analyse exploratoire du potentiel canadien

In this paper, an analysis of patents issued in Canada is made. The results of this analysis induce the author to question a hypothesis that was implicit in previous studies. According to this hypothesis, inventions used by a given industry origin in the same industry and only the technological effort of an industry can lead to inventions useful to that industry. The results suggest that a large number of industries profit from technology developed by a small number of industries

Analyse de la politique commerciale canadienne : rétrospective et synthèse

After a short review of the neo-classical theory of protection, the author presents the numerous models which were historically developed for the estimation of the national and regional impact of the Canadian tariffs. The author further compares a number of studies on the Canadian commercial policy, explains the divergences among them and, hopefully, identifies unsettled questions on the subject