106 research outputs found
PAPILOMAVIRUS INFECTION IN WOMEN WITH HIV
We developed diagnostic protocol and studied cervical diseases in 733 women with HIV. There were found high incidence of sexual transmitted diseases and multifocal papilloma in these patients. We describe colposcopical signs of cervical papilloma virus infection in HIV-positive women. We suppose that low information content of cervical cytology could be connected with concomitant infections. We also found that HIV is not eliminated but cause to dysplasia of cervical epithelium. That is why we suppose to optimal to pay an attention to cervical neoplasms in women with HIV-PVI association. Severity of observed cervical changes was depended on the associations with sexual transmitted infections, CD4+ lymphocytes level and total virus load
Π ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ: ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²
ΠΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠ° Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π°ΡΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠΉ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ. Π€ΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Ρ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π·ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π° Π² Π½Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
Π½Π°ΡΠΊ: Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ² Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ², ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ°Π΄Π°ΡΠ° Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΎΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ. Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ: ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° Π΄Π½Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π°Π½Π΄ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Π±Π°; Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ-Π³Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ; ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½Π°, Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Β«ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΒ» Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ, Π²ΡΠ·Π²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ; ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠ½Ρ; ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² (ΠΠΏΠΠ) ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΎΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅, Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅, ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π² Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π»Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΊ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΡΡΠΏΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π°Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌ, ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°. ΠΠ°ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΈΡ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π»Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠΆΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ·Π΅ΡΠ°, ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ΅ Π¦Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Β«Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΠΎ-ΠΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΉΒ» Π‘ΠΠ Π€ΠΠ¦ Π ΠΠ. Π Π°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ², ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π°Ρ
Non-Penetrance for Ocular Phenotype in Two Individuals Carrying Heterozygous Loss-of-Function ZEB1 Alleles
ZEB1 loss-of-function (LoF) alleles are known to cause a rare autosomal dominant disorderβposterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy type 3 (PPCD3). To date, 50 pathogenic LoF variants have been identified as disease-causing and familial studies have indicated that the PPCD3 phenotype is penetrant in approximately 95% of carriers. In this study, we interrogated in-house exomes (n = 3616) and genomes (n = 88) for the presence of putative heterozygous LoF variants in ZEB1. Next, we performed detailed phenotyping in a father and his son who carried a novel LoF c.1279C>T; p.(Glu427*) variant in ZEB1 (NM_030751.6) absent from the gnomAD v.2.1.1 dataset. Ocular examination of the two subjects did not show any abnormalities characteristic of PPCD3. GnomAD (n = 141,456 subjects) was also interrogated for LoF ZEB1 variants, notably 8 distinct heterozygous changes presumed to lead to ZEB1 haploinsufficiency, not reported to be associated with PPCD3, have been identified. The NM_030751.6 transcript has a pLI score β₯ 0.99, indicating extreme intolerance to haploinsufficiency. In conclusion, ZEB1 LoF variants are present in a general population at an extremely low frequency. As PPCD3 can be asymptomatic, the true penetrance of ZEB1 LoF variants remains currently unknown but is likely to be lower than estimated by the familial led approaches adopted to date
Phenotype Variability in Czech Patients Carrying PAX6 Disease-Causing Variants
The aim of this study was to report PAX6 disease-causing variants in six Czech families, to describe the associated phenotypes, and to perform functional assessment of the splice site variants. Detailed ophthalmic examination was performed. The PAX6 coding region was directly sequenced in three probands. Two probands were analysed by exome sequencing and one by genome sequencing. The effect of two variants on pre-mRNA splicing was evaluated using an exon trapping assay. Six different heterozygous PAX6 variants were identified, with c.111_120del and c.1183+1GΛT being novel. Both c.1183+1GΛT and c.1032+1G>A were proved to cause aberrant splicing with exon skipping and subsequent frameshift. The phenotypic features were variable between and within families. One individual, aged 31 years, presented with mild unilateral ptosis accompanied by aniridia in the right eye, partial aniridia in the left eye, and bilateral congenital cataracts, without marked foveal hypoplasia. Bilateral microcornea, partial aniridia, congenital cataracts, and a large posterior segment coloboma were found in another proband, aged 32 years. One child, aged 8 years, had bilateral high myopia, optic nerve colobomas, anterior polar cataracts, but no iris defects. Another individual, aged 46 years, had bilateral congenital ptosis, iris hypoplasia, keratopathy with marked fibrovascular pannus, anterior polar cataract, and foveal hypoplasia combined with impaired glucose tolerance. However, his daughter, aged 11 years, showed classical features of aniridia. Our study extends the genetic spectrum of PAX6 disease-causing variants and confirms that the associated phenotypic features may be very broad and different to the 'classical' aniridia
Should patients with kearns-sayre syndrome and corneal endothelial failure be genotyped for a TCF4 trinucleotide repeat, commonly associated with fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy?
The aim of this study was to describe the ocular phenotype in a case with Kearns-Sayre syndrome (KSS) spectrum and to determine if corneal endothelial cell dysfunction could be attributed to other known distinct genetic causes. Herein, genomic DNA was extracted from blood and exome sequencing was performed. Non-coding gene regions implicated in corneal endothelial dystrophies were screened by Sanger sequencing. In addition, a repeat expansion situated within an intron of TCF4 (termed CTG18.1) was genotyped using the short tandem repeat assay. The diagnosis of KSS spectrum was based on the presence of ptosis, chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia, pigmentary retinopathy, hearing loss, and muscle weakness, which were further supported by the detection of ~6.5 kb mtDNA deletion. At the age of 33 years, the probandβs best corrected visual acuity was reduced to 0.04 in the right eye and 0.2 in the left eye. Rare ocular findings included marked corneal oedema with central corneal thickness of 824 and 844 Β΅m in the right and left eye, respectively. No pathogenic variants in the genes, which are associated with corneal endothelial dystrophies, were identified. Furthermore, the CTG18.1 genotype was 12/33, which exceeds a previously determined critical threshold for toxic RNA foci appearance in corneal endothelial cells
Features of intensive organ-sparing therapy for massive postpartum hemorrhage
Bleeding in pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period is one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. There is no doubt that obstetric bleeding demands the development of improved methods for its diagnostics and treatment. We assessed the effectiveness of the treatment strategy for massive postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) with preservation of reproductive function, applied in the Perinatal Center of Irkutsk. We performed a retrospective analysis of 24 delivery cases, complicated by massive bleeding and successfully treated with preservation of reproductive organs. The massive nature of bleeding (> 30 % of blood volume) was registered in 15 (62.5 %) cases, mild (> 20 % bu
Brittle cornea syndrome: A systemic review of disease-causing mutations in ZNF469 and two novel variants identified in a patient followed for 26 years
AIMS: Brittle cornea syndrome (BCS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder. The aim of this study was to review ZNF469 mutations associated with BCS type 1 to date and to describe an additional case of Czech/Polish background. METHODS: Whole genome sequencing was undertaken to identify the molecular genetic cause of disease in the proband. Sequence variants in ZNF469 previously reported as BCS type 1-causing were searched in the literature, manually curated and aligned to the reference sequence NM_001127464.2. RESULTS: The proband has been reviewed since childhood with progressive myopia and hearing loss. Aged 13 years had been diagnosed with Stickler syndrome. Aged 16.5 years, he developed acute hydrops in the left eye managed by corneal transplantation. At the age of 26, he experienced right corneal rupture after blunt trauma, also managed by grafting. He had a number of secondary complications and despite regular follow-up and timely management, the right eye became totally blind and the left eye had light perception at the last follow-up visit, aged 42. He was found to be a compound heterozygote for two novel mutations c.1705C>T; p.(Gln569*) and c.1402_1411del; p.(Pro468Alafs*31) in ZNF469. In total 22 disease-causing variants in ZNF469 have been identified, mainly in consanguineous families or endogamous populations. Only four probands, including the case described in the current study, harboured compound heterozygous mutations. CONCLUSION: BCS occurs very rarely in outbred populations which may cause diagnostic errors due to poor awareness of the disease. Investigation into the underlying molecular genetic cause in patients with connective tissue disorders may lead to a re-evaluation of their clinical diagnosis
Novel disease-causing variants and phenotypic features of X-linked megalocornea
Purpose: The aim of the study was to describe the phenotype and molecular genetic causes of X-linked megalocornea (MGC1). We recruited four British, one New Zealand, one Vietnamese and four Czech families. //
Methods: All probands and three female carriers underwent ocular examination and Sanger sequencing of the CHRDL1 gene. Two of the probands also had magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. //
Results: We identified nine pathogenic or likely pathogenic and one variant of uncertain significance in CHRDL1, of which eight are novel. Three probands had ocular findings that have not previously been associated with MGC1, namely pigmentary glaucoma, unilateral posterior corneal vesicles, unilateral keratoconus and unilateral Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis. The corneal diameters of the three heterozygous carriers were normal, but two had abnormally thin corneas, and one of these was also diagnosed with unilateral keratoconus. Brain MRI identified arachnoid cysts in both probands, one also had a neuroepithelial cyst, while the second had a midsagittal neurodevelopmental abnormality (cavum septum pellucidum et vergae). //
Conclusion: The study expands the spectrum of pathogenic variants and the ocular and brain abnormalities that have been identified in individuals with MGC1. Reduced corneal thickness may represent a mild phenotypic feature in some heterozygous female carriers of CHRDL1 pathogenic variants
Phenotypic features of CRB1-associated early-onset severe retinal dystrophy and the different molecular approaches to identifying the disease-causing variants
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the molecular genetic basis of an early-onset severe retinal dystrophy in three unrelated consecutive patients of Czech origin and to describe their ocular phenotype.
METHODS: DNA samples from two probands were analyzed using a genotyping microarray (Asper) followed by either target analysis of 43 genes implicated in retinal disorders by next generation sequencing or whole-exome sequencing, respectively. The third proband underwent conventional Sanger sequencing of CRB1 based on her ocular findings.
RESULTS: All three probands harboured a known disease-causing mutation c.2843G>A; p.(Cys948Tyr) in the CRB1 gene. One individual was homozygous for this mutation, while in the other two probands c.2308G>A; p.(Gly770Ser) and c.3121A>G; p.(Met1041Val) were also identified in the heterozygous state, respectively. Both variants were novel and evaluated by in silico analysis as pathogenic. A false-negative result was observed in one of the two samples examined by the genotyping microarray. Disease onset in all patients was before the age of 7 years. Hypermetropic refractive error, bilateral nummular retinal pigmentation, retinal thickening and cystoid spaces in the macula were observed in two probands, aged 6 and 7 years. The third proband, aged 28 years, had bone spicule-like pigmentary changes associated with increased retinal nerve fiber layer.
CONCLUSIONS: The first study reporting on the molecular genetic cause of non-syndromic early-onset severe retinal dystrophy in Czech patients identified one homozygous and two compound heterozygote probands with CRB1 mutations. Retina nerve fibre layer measurements should be considered an integral part of the clinical evaluation of retinal dystrophies. Detailed clinical examination and imaging can both direct molecular screening and help to confirm or refute disease causation of identified variants
Schnyder corneal dystrophy and associated phenotypes caused by novel and recurrent mutations in the UBIAD1 gene
BACKGROUND:
The purpose of this study was to identify the genetic cause and describe the clinical phenotype of Schnyder corneal dystrophy (SCD) in six unrelated probands.
METHODS:
We identified two white Czech, two white British and two South Asian families with a clinical diagnosis of SCD. Ophthalmic assessment included spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) of one individual with advanced disease, and SD-OCT and confocal microscopy of a child with early stages of disease. UBIAD1 coding exons were amplified and Sanger sequenced in each proband. A fasting serum lipid profile was measured in three probands. Paternity testing was performed in one family.
RESULTS:
A novel heterozygous c.527G>A; p.(Gly176Glu) mutation in UBIAD1 was identified in one Czech proband. In the second Czech proband, aged 6 years when first examined, a previously described de novo heterozygous c.289G>A; p.(Ala97Thr) mutation was found. Two probands of South Asian descent carried a known c.305G>A; p.(Asn102Ser) mutation in the heterozygous state. Previously reported heterozygous c.361C>T; p.(Leu121Phe) and c.308C>T; p.(Thr103Ile) mutations were found in two white British families. Although crystalline deposits were present in all probands the affected area was small in some individuals. Corneal arcus and stromal haze were the most prominent phenotypical feature in two probands. In the Czech probands, SD-OCT confirmed accumulation of reflective material in the anterior stroma. Crystalline deposits were visualized by confocal microscopy. Mild dyslipidemia was found in all three individuals tested.
CONCLUSION:
Although de novo occurrence of mutations in UBIAD1 is extremely rare, SCD should be considered in the differential diagnosis of bilateral corneal haze and/or crystal deposition, especially in children
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