Weak Value in Wave Function of Detector

A simple formula to read out the weak value from the wave function of the measuring device after the postselection with the initial Gaussian profile is proposed. We apply this formula for the weak value to the classical experiment of the realization of the weak measurement by the optical polarization and obtain the weak value for any pre- and post-selections. This formula automatically includes the interference effect which is necessary to yields the weak value as an outcome of the weak measurement.Comment: 3 pages, no figures, Published in Journal of the Physical Society of Japa

Nonlinear Wakes Behind a Row of Elongated Roughness Elements

This paper is concerned with the high Reynolds number flow over a spanwise periodic array of roughness elements with inter-element spacing of the order of the local boundary-layer thickness. While earlier work by Goldstein, Sescu, Duck and Choudhari (2010) and Goldstein, Sescu, Duck and Choudhari (2011) was mainly concerned with smaller roughness heights that produced relatively weak distortions of the downstream flow, the focus here is on extending the analysis to larger roughness heights and streamwise elongated planform shapes that together produce a qualitatively different, nonlinear behavior of the downstream wakes. The roughness scale flow now has a novel triple-deck structure that is somewhat different from related studies that have previously appeared in the literature. The resulting flow is formally nonlinear in the intermediate wake region, where the streamwise distance is large compared to the roughness dimensions but small compared to the downstream distance from the leading edge, as well as in the far wake region where the streamwise length scale is of the order of the downstream distance from the leading edge. In contrast, the flow perturbations in both of these wake regions were strictly linear in the earlier work by Goldstein et al (2010, 2011). This is an important difference because the nonlinear wake flow in the present case provides an appropriate basic state for studying the secondary instability and eventual breakdown into turbulence

Similarity in cognitive complexity and attraction to friends and lovers: Experimental and correlational studies

Abstract OnlyTwo studies are reported examining whether similarities in cognitive complexity foster different forms of interpersonal attraction. Study 1 provided an experimental test of the hypothesis that perceivers would be more attracted to targets with similar levels of complexity than to targets with dissimilar levels of complexity. Participants read interpersonal impressions reflecting low and high levels of cognitive complexity and completed 3 assessments of attraction (social, task, and intellectual) to the source of the impressions. As predicted, there were significant interactions between perceiver complexity and target complexity such that high-complexity perceivers were more attracted to high-complexity targets than were low-complexity perceivers, whereas low-complexity perceivers were more attracted to low-complexity targets than were high-complexity perceivers. Unexpectedly, however, low-complexity perceivers were more attracted to a high-complexity target than a low-complexity target. Study 2 examined the effects of similarities in cognitive complexity on attraction among 126 pairs of dating partners. Partners having similar levels of cognitive complexity expressed significantly greater intellectual attraction to one another than partners having dissimilar levels of cognitive complexity

On the geometry of quantum indistinguishability

An algebraic approach to the study of quantum mechanics on configuration spaces with a finite fundamental group is presented. It uses, in an essential way, the Gelfand-Naimark and Serre-Swan equivalences and thus allows one to represent geometric properties of such systems in algebraic terms. As an application, the problem of quantum indistinguishability is reformulated in the light of the proposed approach. Previous attempts aiming at a proof of the spin-statistics theorem in non-relativistic quantum mechanics are explicitly recast in the global language inherent to the presented techniques. This leads to a critical discussion of single-valuedness of wave functions for systems of indistinguishable particles. Potential applications of the methods presented in this paper to problems related to quantization, geometric phases and phase transitions in spin systems are proposed.Comment: 24 page

Sigma-term physics in the perturbative chiral quark model

We apply the perturbative chiral quark model (PCQM) at one loop to analyse meson-baryon sigma-terms. Analytic expressions for these quantities are obtained in terms of fundamental parameters of low-energy pion-nucleon physics (weak pion decay constant, axial nucleon coupling, strong pion-nucleon form factor) and of only one model parameter (radius of the nucleonic three-quark core). Our result for the piN sigma term of about 45 MeV is in good agreement with the value deduced by Gasser, Leutwyler and Sainio using dispersion-relation techniques and exploiting the chiral symmetry constraints.Comment: 19 pages, LaTeX-file, 2 Figure

Response of nucleons to external probes in hedgehog models: II. General formalism

Linear response theory for SU(2) hedgehog soliton models is developed.Comment: 25 pages, DOE/ER/40322-163, U. of MD PP \#92-225, (ReVTeX

Quantum Particles as Conceptual Entities: A Possible Explanatory Framework for Quantum Theory

We put forward a possible new interpretation and explanatory framework for quantum theory. The basic hypothesis underlying this new framework is that quantum particles are conceptual entities. More concretely, we propose that quantum particles interact with ordinary matter, nuclei, atoms, molecules, macroscopic material entities, measuring apparatuses, ..., in a similar way to how human concepts interact with memory structures, human minds or artificial memories. We analyze the most characteristic aspects of quantum theory, i.e. entanglement and non-locality, interference and superposition, identity and individuality in the light of this new interpretation, and we put forward a specific explanation and understanding of these aspects. The basic hypothesis of our framework gives rise in a natural way to a Heisenberg uncertainty principle which introduces an understanding of the general situation of 'the one and the many' in quantum physics. A specific view on macro and micro different from the common one follows from the basic hypothesis and leads to an analysis of Schrodinger's Cat paradox and the measurement problem different from the existing ones. We reflect about the influence of this new quantum interpretation and explanatory framework on the global nature and evolutionary aspects of the world and human worldviews, and point out potential explanations for specific situations, such as the generation problem in particle physics, the confinement of quarks and the existence of dark matter.Comment: 45 pages, 10 figure