A magnetic shield/dual purpose mission

The objective of this work is to design, build, and fly a dual-purpose payload whose function is to produce a large volume, low intensity magnetic field and to test the concept of using such a magnetic field to protect manned spacecraft against particle radiation. An additional mission objective is to study the effect of this moving field on upper atmosphere plasmas. Both mission objectives appear to be capable of being tested using the same superconducting coil. The potential benefits of this magnetic shield concept apply directly to both earth-orbital and interplanetary missions. This payload would be a first step in assessing the true potential of large volume magnetic fields in the U.S. space program. Either converted launch systems or piggyback payload opportunities may be appropriate for this mission. The use of superconducting coils for magnetic shielding against solar flare radiation during manned interplanetary missions has long been contemplated and was considered in detail in the years preceding the Apollo mission. With the advent of new superconductors, it has now become realistic to reconsider this concept for a Mars mission. Even in near-earth orbits, large volume magnetic fields produced using conventional metallic superconductors allow novel plasma physics experiments to be contemplated. Both deployed field-coil and non-deployed field-coil shielding arrangements have been investigated, with the latter being most suitable for an initial test payload in a polar orbit

Practical skills in environmental science

290 tr., X; 28 cm

TB08: How the Application of Turboexpanders with Variable Inlet Guide Vanes Supports Increased Flexibility in LNG and LPG Production

Technical BriefsRadial inflow turbines (RIT), or turboexpanders, have become essential to the entire oil and gas industry, but also to specific applications in the realm of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) and Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) The RIT’s unique feature – the variable inlet guide vanes (vIGV) – renders the turboexpander as a variable geometry turbomachine, making it a viable and effective solution for variable load and flexible LNG production In the specific context of one case study – a mini-LNG plant in the United States – the authors discuss these characteristics of the RIT, while also describing its impact on plant efficiency, and generating monetary advantages for the operator