Caractérisation du microbiote digestif de patients sous antibiotiques

AIX-MARSEILLE2-BU Pharmacie (130552105) / SudocSudocFranceF

Updating the repertoire of cultured bacteria from the human being

International audienc

Snapshot of COVID-19 superinfections in Marseille hospitals: where are the common pathogens?

Abstract Episodes of bacterial superinfections have been well identified for several respiratory viruses, notably influenza. In this retrospective study, we compared the frequency of superinfections in COVID-19 patients to those found in influenza-positive patients, and to controls without viral infection. We included 42 468 patients who had been diagnosed with COVID-19 and 266 261 subjects who had tested COVID-19 negative between 26 February 2020 and 1 May 2021. In addition, 4059 patients were included who had tested positive for the influenza virus between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2019. Bacterial infections in COVID-19 patients were more frequently healthcare-associated, and acquired in ICUs, were associated with longer ICU stays, and occurred in older and male patients when compared to controls and to influenza patients ( P < 0.0001 for all). The most common pathogens proved to be less frequent in COVID-19 patients, including fewer cases of bacteraemia involving E. coli ( P < 0.0001) and Klebsiella pneumoniae ( P = 0.027) when compared to controls. In respiratory specimens Haemophilus influenzae ( P < 0.0001) was more frequent in controls, while Streptococcus pneumoniae ( P < 0.0001) was more frequent in influenza patients. Likewise, species associated with nosocomial transmission, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epidermidis , were more frequent among COVID-19 patients. Finally, we observed a high frequency of Enterococcus faecalis bacteraemia among COVID-19 patients, which were mainly ICU-acquired and associated with a longer timescale to acquisition

Snapshot of COVID-19 superinfections in Marseille hospitals: where are the common pathogens?

Abstract Episodes of bacterial superinfections have been well identified for several respiratory viruses, notably influenza. In this retrospective study, we compared the frequency of superinfections in COVID-19 patients to those found in influenza-positive patients, and to controls without viral infection. We included 42 468 patients who had been diagnosed with COVID-19 and 266 261 subjects who had tested COVID-19 negative between 26 February 2020 and 1 May 2021. In addition, 4059 patients were included who had tested positive for the influenza virus between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2019. Bacterial infections in COVID-19 patients were more frequently healthcare-associated, and acquired in ICUs, were associated with longer ICU stays, and occurred in older and male patients when compared to controls and to influenza patients ( P < 0.0001 for all). The most common pathogens proved to be less frequent in COVID-19 patients, including fewer cases of bacteraemia involving E. coli ( P < 0.0001) and Klebsiella pneumoniae ( P = 0.027) when compared to controls. In respiratory specimens Haemophilus influenzae ( P < 0.0001) was more frequent in controls, while Streptococcus pneumoniae ( P < 0.0001) was more frequent in influenza patients. Likewise, species associated with nosocomial transmission, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epidermidis , were more frequent among COVID-19 patients. Finally, we observed a high frequency of Enterococcus faecalis bacteraemia among COVID-19 patients, which were mainly ICU-acquired and associated with a longer timescale to acquisition

The absolute number of leukocytes per vial as a major cause of early false positive blood cultures: proof-of-concept and application

International audienc

Enterococcus faecalis urinary-tract infections: Do they have a zoonotic origin?

International audienceMajor human pathogens are frequently isolated from meat-producing animals, particularly poultry. Among them is Enterococcus faecalis, which is known to be one of the main cause of human urinary-tract infections worldwide. Early in 2015, we detected several, consecutive abnormal increases in the weekly number of human E. faecalis infections in various medical settings in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of France, especially including community-acquired urinary-tract infections. Speculating that this region-wide epidemiological event may have originated from animal-based food, we initiated this work to provide an overview of the epidemiology of E. faecalis, with a particular focus on the possible link between E. faecalis clones isolated from food-producing animals and those responsible for human urinary-tract infections. At that time, only one study had clearly identified strong epidemiological links between E. faecalis clones isolated from food-producing animals and human E. faecalis urinary-tract infections. This observation, coupled with our region-wide epidemiological experience, leads us to strongly believe that E. faecalis is a real zoonotic pathogen with potentially highly significant impact on human health. This is of particular concern because of its ability to acquire antibiotic-resistance genes and to infect animals and humans. Various strategies must be urgently implemented to address this public health threat, in particular through the development andimplementation of large integrated automated surveillance systems based on animal and human health data to enable us to detect E. faecalis epidemiological events

Enterococcus faecalis urinary-tract infections: Do they have a zoonotic origin?

International audienceMajor human pathogens are frequently isolated from meat-producing animals, particularly poultry. Among them is Enterococcus faecalis, which is known to be one of the main cause of human urinary-tract infections worldwide. Early in 2015, we detected several, consecutive abnormal increases in the weekly number of human E. faecalis infections in various medical settings in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of France, especially including community-acquired urinary-tract infections. Speculating that this region-wide epidemiological event may have originated from animal-based food, we initiated this work to provide an overview of the epidemiology of E. faecalis, with a particular focus on the possible link between E. faecalis clones isolated from food-producing animals and those responsible for human urinary-tract infections. At that time, only one study had clearly identified strong epidemiological links between E. faecalis clones isolated from food-producing animals and human E. faecalis urinary-tract infections. This observation, coupled with our region-wide epidemiological experience, leads us to strongly believe that E. faecalis is a real zoonotic pathogen with potentially highly significant impact on human health. This is of particular concern because of its ability to acquire antibiotic-resistance genes and to infect animals and humans. Various strategies must be urgently implemented to address this public health threat, in particular through the development andimplementation of large integrated automated surveillance systems based on animal and human health data to enable us to detect E. faecalis epidemiological events

Delftia tsuruhatensis, an Emergent Opportunistic Healthcare-Associated Pathogen

Delftia tsuruhatensis, which was first isolated in environmental samples, was rarely associated with human infections. We report on pneumonia caused by D. tsuruhatensis in an infant who underwent cardiac surgery. Retrospective analyses detected 9 other isolates from 8 patients. D. tsuruhatensis is an emergent pathogen, at least for immunocompromised patients

“Bariatricus massiliensis” as a new bacterial species from human gut microbiota

International audienceWe report here the main phenotypic characteristics of "Bariatricus massiliensis" strain AT12 (CSUR P2179), isolated from the stool of a 58-year-old woman who underwent bariatric surgery

Akkermansia muciniphila: The state of the art, 18 years after its first discovery

International audienceAkkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) is an anaerobic, Gram negative and mucin-degrading bacterium of the phylum Verrucomicrobia isolated in 2004 from human feces. Although it is a common resident in the human intestinal tract, it has also been detected in other anatomical sites. Genomic studies have revealed that A. muciniphila can be divided into different phylogroups with distinct metabolic properties. There is growing evidence regarding its beneficial impact on human health. Indeed, A. muciniphila is considered as a promising next-generation probiotic for treating cancer and metabolic disorders. The large-scale production of A. muciniphila is, therefore, a challenge. Beside mucin-based medium, other culture strategies have enabled its isolation. The administration of both live and pasteurized forms of A. muciniphila has shown to be promising in animal models. Alternatively, the administration of various prebiotics has also been assessed for enhancing its abundance in the human gut. Future prospects include human clinical trials, some of which are currently ongoing. This paper provides an overview of what is currently known about A. muciniphila’s phenotypical and genotypic traits, as well as its culture techniques and its connections to a number of human diseases and its potential application as an effective next generation probiotic