Fin based active control for ship roll motion stabilization

Ship roll motion control is important for vessels engaged in oceanographic research activities and this paper focuses on the design of a controller for fin based roll motion stabilization of a Coastal Research Vessel (CRV). Based on the geometry of a pair of actuator fins installed at the midship of the vessel, the hydrodynamic coefficients are calculated for the vessel including the fin lift capacity. The wave disturbances are simulated as a sine time series. The objective is to design a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR), a state feedback controller and obtain the performance of the system. The larger objective is to implement the system eventually in laboratory scale physical simulations in wave environment. This paper primarily presents the design of the control system and evaluation through Simulink in Matlab environment. The global cost function of the system is minimized by precision tuning of the two control parameters (or weighting matrices), Q and R. The system analysis is done using frequency domain and state space approach. The simulation results show that the natural frequency and roll response closely match with the response of the physical model (CRV) in laboratory environment, as observed during the experimental study. The proposed control system is compared with a conventional PID controller. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the designed roll motion stabilization system with significant roll reduction over the operational range of the vessel

Formulations and evaluation of Cyclodextrin complexed Ceadroxil loaded nanosponges

Cefadroxil (CFD) is a broad spectrum antibiotic that acts against an extensive variety of bacteria, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The major drawback of orally administered drug like cefadroxil is its shorter half life of 1.2 hrs. The goal of the study is to prolong the drug release, producing a desired blood serum level, reduction in drug toxicity and improving the patient compliance by prolonging the dosing intervals. Cyclodextrin-based nanosponges (NS) are a novel class of cross-linked derivatives of cyclodextrins. They have been used to increase the solubility of poorly soluble actives, to protect the labile groups and control the release. This study aimed at formulating complexes of CFDwith three types of β-cyclodextrin NS obtained with different cross-linking ratio (viz. 1:2, 1:4 and 1:8 on molar basis with the cross-linker) to protect the lactone ring from hydrolysis and to prolong the release kinetics of CFD. Crystalline (F1:2, F1:4 and F1:8) and paracrystalline NS formulations were prepared. XRPD, DSC and FTIR studies confirmed the interactions of CFDwith NS. XRPD showed that the crystallinity of CFD decreased after loading. CFD was loaded as much as 21%, 37% and 13% w/w in F1:2 , F1:4 and F1:8, respectively while the paracrystalline NS formulations gave a loading of about 10% w/w or lower. The particle sizes of the loaded NS formulations were between 450 and 600 nm with low polydispersity indices. The zeta potentials were sufficiently high (-20 to -25 mV) to obtain a stable colloidal nanosuspension. The in vitro studies indicated a slow and prolonged CFD release over a period of 24 h. The NS formulations protected the lactone ring of CFD after their incubation in physiological conditions at 37°C for 24 h with a 80% w/w of intact lactone ring when compared to only around 20% w/w of plain CFD

Effect of stem gall disease on long-term germplasm preservation and quality seed production of coriander

To know the health status of crops germplasm received from various sources, seed health testing (SHT) is a routine process for long-term conservation of healthy seeds in the National Genebank at ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi. In this process, 1328 accessions of coriander were received in the Plant Quarantine Division for SHT through Germplsm Conservation Division. In the present study, SHT revealed that most of the samples of coriander in which the seeds are deformed suffer from stem gall (seed gall) disease caused by Protomycesmacrosporus. Infection of P. macrosporus greatly affects the size and quality of seeds. As a result, infected seeds become excessively larger (from 6.46x5.01 to 12.76x3.94 mm) as compared to normal seeds and the germination capacity of the seeds is also lost. Deformity in size and measurement of infected seeds compared to healthy seeds indicates susceptibility to stem gall disease. Our observation revealed that the chlamydospores present in the infected seeds survive for a long period (~ 2 years) and if such infected seeds are conserved for long term in the National Genebank, it is possible that along with the seeds, dormant chlamydospores also survive. While on the one hand such diseased seed can prove to be the carrier in spreading the pathogen from one place to another, on the other hand, market demand will be affected which will result in lower prices for the farmers cultivating coriander

Effect of stem gall disease on long-term germplasm preservation and quality seed production of coriander

123-131To know the health status of crops germplasm received from various sources, seed health testing (SHT) is a routine process for long-term conservation of healthy seeds in the National Genebank at ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi. In this process, 1328 accessions of coriander were received in the Plant Quarantine Division for SHT through Germplsm Conservation Division. In the present study, SHT revealed that most of the samples of coriander in which the seeds are deformed suffer from stem gall (seed gall) disease caused by Protomycesmacrosporus. Infection of P. macrosporus greatly affects the size and quality of seeds. As a result, infected seeds become excessively larger (from 6.46x5.01 to 12.76x3.94 mm) as compared to normal seeds and the germination capacity of the seeds is also lost. Deformity in size and measurement of infected seeds compared to healthy seeds indicates susceptibility to stem gall disease. Our observation revealed that the chlamydospores present in the infected seeds survive for a long period (~ 2 years) and if such infected seeds are conserved for long term in the National Genebank, it is possible that along with the seeds, dormant chlamydospores also survive. While on the one hand such diseased seed can prove to be the carrier in spreading the pathogen from one place to another, on the other hand, market demand will be affected which will result in lower prices for the farmers cultivating coriander

Biotech 3

Not AvailableThe present study was taken up to understand the phylogenetic relationship using ITS and TEF markers among 22 isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis (Fol) causing lentil wilt belonging to eight races isolated from different geographic locations of India and to develop specific markers for its detection. The nucleotide sequences of ITS region varied from 490 to 560 bp whereas, 670?725 bp for TEF 1?. The phylogeny analysis revealed that the isolates were more than 98% similar based on the neighbour joining analysis and were grouped into two major clusters in both ITS and TEF. The first major cluster of ITS had twenty isolates whereas for TEF, there were 15 isolates. Two sets of SCAR markers MS1 (162 bp) and MS2 (125 bp) were designed and synthesised. These markers were used against race representative Fol isolates for amplification. While, MS 1 marker was able to detect the genomic DNA up to 0.1 ng, MS 2 could detect the Fol genomic DNA up to 0.05 ng. The specificity of these two markers to detect Fol and their inability to amplify most common lentil pathogens (Rhizoctonia solani, R. bataticola, Sclerotium rolfsii, Sclerotinia sclerotiarum, and Aschochyta rabiei) makes them a reliable tool for detection. The phylogenetic analysis is helpful in the understanding of variability in Fol populations and the SCAR markers help in rapid and reliable detection of an important pathogen of lentil

Fin based active control for ship roll motion stabilization

Ship roll motion control is important for vessels engaged in oceanographic research activities and this paper focuses on the design of a controller for fin based roll motion stabilization of a Coastal Research Vessel (CRV). Based on the geometry of a pair of actuator fins installed at the midship of the vessel, the hydrodynamic coefficients are calculated for the vessel including the fin lift capacity. The wave disturbances are simulated as a sine time series. The objective is to design a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR), a state feedback controller and obtain the performance of the system. The larger objective is to implement the system eventually in laboratory scale physical simulations in wave environment. This paper primarily presents the design of the control system and evaluation through Simulink in Matlab environment. The global cost function of the system is minimized by precision tuning of the two control parameters (or weighting matrices), Q and R. The system analysis is done using frequency domain and state space approach. The simulation results show that the natural frequency and roll response closely match with the response of the physical model (CRV) in laboratory environment, as observed during the experimental study. The proposed control system is compared with a conventional PID controller. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the designed roll motion stabilization system with significant roll reduction over the operational range of the vessel

Not Available

Not AvailableNovel wet and dry formulations of Trichoderma harzianum are reported. These were prepared by entrapment of spores and/or mycelia into the swollen matrices of hydrogel, or by physical mixing with xerogel containing zinc sulphate (ZnSO4). T. harzianum exhibited significantly high survival in presence of pure ZnSO4 up to a concentration of 150 ppm, beyond which gradual decline in viability occurred. Both the wet and dry compositions exhibited excellent shelf life, with the viability of T. harzianum up to180 d without any sign of toxicity due to the hydrogel carrier per se or with the impregnated ZnSO4. The combination of T. harzianum + ZnSO4 exhibited higher bio-activity than T. Harzianum or ZnSO4 alone against the soil borne fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani.Not Availabl

Comparative evaluation between oral gabapentin and oral pregabalin premedication for attenuation of hemodynamic surge to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation in elective procedures under general anesthesia

Background: Effective attenuation of the sympathetic surge due to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation is needed. We wanted to compare the role of oral gabapentin (600 mg) and oral pregabalin (150 mg) in controlling this sympathetic surge. Aims and Objectives: To compare the role of oral gabapentin (600 mg) and oral pregabalin (150 mg) as premedications for attenuating hemodynamic surge to laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation. Materials and Methods: 90 patients aged 18–45 years with ASA grade I or II posted for elective surgical procedure under general anesthesia were randomly allocated to two equal groups (45 in each group) to receive either 600 mg oral gabapentin or 150 mg oral pregabalin 1 h prior to surgery. Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and rate pressure product (RPP) were recorded after intubation at 1 (T1), 3 (T3), 5 (T5), and 10 (T10) min. Post-operative sedation and post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) were recorded and compared. Results: Gabapentin attenuates hemodynamic surge in terms of HR, SBP, DBP, MAP, and RPP better than pregabalin during laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation at 3, 5, and 10 min after intubation, while there was no significant difference between the two groups at 1 min after intubation. Post-operative sedation score and adverse effects like PONV and SpO2 fluctuations at different points in time were comparable. Conclusion: Oral gabapentin (600 mg) was found to be more effective than oral pregabalin (150 mg) in attenuating the hemodynamic surge to laryngoscopy and intubation

First Report of Diaporthe phaseolorum Infecting Indian Trumpet Flower (Oroxylum indicum) from India

Seed health testing, using the blotter method, revealed some fungal growth on the seed surface of one accession of Indian trumpet flower/Broken bones tree (Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz) collected from Kokrajhar, Assam, India. The fungus was identified as Diaporthe phaseolorum (Cooke & Ellis) Sacc. based on morphological characters. Later, the identity was re-confirmed by DNA sequencing using ITS gene sequencing (NCBI Sequence Id: MT154253.1) and a large subunit of rRNA (NCBI Sequence Id: OL798081.1). Literature reveals that D. phaseolorum is a destructive pathogen causing severe yield losses in various host crops. However, detection of D. phaseolorum in Indian trumpet flower seed followed by pathogenicity on its seedlings confirms that O. indicum is a new host record. Being a destructive pathogen of several other crops, such as seed decay and stem canker in soybean, it may pose a serious threat to future cultivation of this herbal plant

First Report of Diaporthe phaseolorum Infecting Indian Trumpet Flower (Oroxylum indicum) from India

Seed health testing, using the blotter method, revealed some fungal growth on the seed surface of one accession of Indian trumpet flower/Broken bones tree (Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz) collected from Kokrajhar, Assam, India. The fungus was identified as Diaporthe phaseolorum (Cooke & Ellis) Sacc. based on morphological characters. Later, the identity was re-confirmed by DNA sequencing using ITS gene sequencing (NCBI Sequence Id: MT154253.1) and a large subunit of rRNA (NCBI Sequence Id: OL798081.1). Literature reveals that D. phaseolorum is a destructive pathogen causing severe yield losses in various host crops. However, detection of D. phaseolorum in Indian trumpet flower seed followed by pathogenicity on its seedlings confirms that O. indicum is a new host record. Being a destructive pathogen of several other crops, such as seed decay and stem canker in soybean, it may pose a serious threat to future cultivation of this herbal plant