A Machine Learning and Deep Learning Framework for Binary, Ternary, and Multiclass Emotion Classification of Covid-19 Vaccine-Related Tweets

My research mines public emotion toward the Covid-19 vaccine based on Twitter data collected over the past 6-12 months. This project is centered around building and developing machine learning and deep learning models to perform natural language processing of short-form text, which in our case tweets. These tweets are all vaccine-related tweets and the goal of the classification task is for our models to accurately classify a tweet into one of four emotion groups: Apprehension/Anticipation, Sadness/Anger/Frustration, Joy/Humor/Sarcasm, and Gratitude/Relief. Given this data and the goal of the paper, we aim to answer the following questions: (1) Can a framework be developed for machine learning and deep learning multiclass classification models to accurately infer one of four listed emotion groups represented by a vaccine-related tweet? A follow-up to this question is: Can we improve the overall model performance by clustering the emotions into a ternary classification problem? (2) Is there a significant binary distinction that can be made between tweets that express “negative” emotions (Apprehension, Anticipation, Sadness, Anger, and Frustration) and “positive” emotions (Joy, Humor, Sarcasm, Gratitude, and Relief)? This research will present a framework that takes in the raw tweet data and through a pipeline that applies data preprocessing, feature extraction, data splitting & sampling, and ultimately emotion classification. Through these questions, the aim is not only to determine the overall acceptance and sentiment of the vaccines by the public but also to understand the steps public health officials can take to further educate hesitant and/or fearful citizens while also incentivizing it

Security Issues and User Authentication in MongoDB

This study delves into the critical aspects of security and user authentication within MongoDB, a popular NoSQL database management system. As MongoDB gains traction in various industries for its flexibility and scalability, ensuring robust security measures becomes imperative to safeguard sensitive data from unauthorized access and malicious attacks. This research provides a comprehensive overview of the security challenges inherent in MongoDB deployments and explores the mechanisms available for user authentication to mitigate these risks effectively. Through an in-depth analysis of MongoDB's security features, including authentication mechanisms, access control policies, encryption protocols, and auditing capabilities, this study sheds light on best practices for securing MongoDB deployments in diverse use cases. Special emphasis is placed on examining common security vulnerabilities and strategies for mitigating risks, such as injection attacks, data breaches, and privilege escalation. Moreover, the research investigates the implementation of user authentication in MongoDB, covering authentication methods such as SCRAM, x.509 certificates, LDAP integration, and custom authentication plugins. By exploring the strengths and limitations of each authentication mechanism, this study aims to provide insights into selecting the most suitable approach based on the specific security requirements and operational considerations of MongoDB deployments. In conclusion, this study serves as a valuable resource for database administrators, developers, and security professionals seeking to enhance the security posture of MongoDB deployments. By addressing security issues and exploring user authentication mechanisms in MongoDB comprehensively, this research contributes to the development of robust security practices and ensures the integrity and confidentiality of data stored in MongoDB databases

ENHANCED REVERSIBLE IMAGE DATA HIDING BASED ON BLOCK HISTOGRAM SHIFTING AND PADHM

Due to the enhanced digital media on the web, information security and privacy protection issue have attracted the eye of information communication. Information hiding has become a subject of sizable im-portance. Currently each day there's very big drawback of information hacking into the networking space. There is variety of techniques offered within the trade to over-come this drawback. So, information hiding within the encrypted image is one in all the solutions, however the matter is that the original cover can't be losslessly recov-ered by this system. That’s why recently; additional and additional attention is paid to reversible information concealing in encrypted pictures however this technique drawback low hardiness. A completely unique technique is planned by reserving for embedding information be-fore encoding of the image takes place with the offered algorithmic rule. Currently the authentic person will hide the information simply on the image to produce authen-tication. The transmission and exchange of image addi-tionally desires a high security .This is the review paper regarding this reversible information hiding algorithms obtainable. As a result, because of histogram enlarge-ment and bar graph shifting embedded message and also the host image may be recovered dead. The embedding rate is enhanced and PSNR magnitude relation using novel technique

The outcome of preterm births in pregnant women with hypertensive disorders: an observational study

Background: Hypertensive conditions occurring during pregnancy are linked to heightened chances of severe consequences, including preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction, perinatal mortality and morbidity, acute kidney failure, sudden liver malfunction, excessive postpartum bleeding, HELLP Syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and seizures. Methods: A prospective hospital-based study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital of eastern Uttar Pradesh, over the period of one year. The total sample size calculated was 235. Data was collected using the structured questionnaire. This study recruited the hypertensive pregnant women with a blood pressure reading of 140/90 mmHg or higher, irrespective of the timing of the blood pressure elevation, who visited the hospital for delivery over the course of one year. Various maternal variables were examined, including age, gestational age, number of previous deliveries, the status of the mother's blood pressure, and the type of delivery. Results: In the present study, the births revealed the following distribution among different hypertensive disorders: chronic hypertension preterm: 100.0% 06 vs. term: 0% 0, eclampsia, preterm: 60.4% 64 vs. term: 39.6% 42, mild preeclampsia, preterm: 55.3% vs. term: 44.7%, severe preeclampsia, preterm: 48.5% vs. term: 51.5%, and gestational hypertension, preterm: 23.5% vs. term: 76.5%. Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study, it was determined that hypertensive disorders play a pivotal role in influencing both the frequency of preterm delivery and the associated complications in infants resulting from premature birth

An illustration of delays in Mucormycosis: A case Study

Background: Mucormycosis is an opportunistic fungal infection with a high fatality rate and is the third most common fungal infection that is invasive in nature, next to candidiasis and aspergillosis. It is attributed to the poor socio-economic status and triggered by the local trauma due to unhygienic setup or poor health care. The pathway of pathogenesis is not clearly understood in immunocompetent patients and therefore becomes a matter of great concern.Aim& Objective: To explore the pathway of  mucormycosis in a case of post SARS-CoV-2 infection Settings and Design: Tertiary Care hospital of Jabalpur DistrictMethods and Material: Interview with the case and care taker and case file review.Results: We could conclude this as a case of rhino- orbital mucormycosis attributed to uncontrolled blood sugar during treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection,  three delays that have occurred during the disease progression like ignorance from health service provider, late diagnosis, non compliance to the advice given by health facility,  poor oral and nasal hygiene and no use of distilled water in humidifier. Conclusions: The early diagnosis, prompt Treatment , surgical intervention , proper blood sugar monitoring and rational use of steroids are important steps of successful outcome of the disease

Impact of air–sea coupling on the simulation of Indian summer monsoon using a high-resolution Regional Earth System Model over CORDEX-SA

A new high-resolution Regional Earth System Model, namely ROM, has been implemented over CORDEX-SA towards examining the impact of air–sea coupling on the Indian summer monsoon characteristics. ROM's simulated mean ISM rainfall and associated dynamical and thermodynamical processes, including the representation of northward and eastward propagating convention bands, are closer to observation than its standalone atmospheric model component (REMO), highlighting the advantage of air–sea coupling. However, the value addition of air–sea coupling varies spatially with more significant improvements over regions with large biases. Bay of Bengal and the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean are the most prominent region where the highest added value is observed with a significant reduction up to 50–500% precipitation bias. Most of the changes in precipitation over the ocean are associated with convective precipitation (CP) due to the suppression of convective activity caused by the negative feedback due to the inclusion of air–sea coupling. However, CP and large-scale precipitation (LP) improvements show east–west asymmetry over the Indian land region. The substantial LP bias reduction is noticed over the wet bias region of western central India due to its suppression, while enhanced CP over eastern central India contributed to the reduction of dry bias. An insignificant change is noticed over Tibetan Plateau, northern India, and Indo Gangetic plains. The weakening of moisture-laden low-level Somalia Jets causes the diminishing of moisture supply from the Arabian Sea (AS) towards Indian land regions resulting in suppressed precipitation, reducing wet bias, especially over western central India. The anomalous high kinetic energy over AS, wind shear, and tropospheric temperature gradient in REMO compared to observation is substantially reduced in the ROM, facilitating the favourable condition for suppressing moisture feeding and hence the wet bias over west-central India in ROM. The warmer midlatitude in ROM than REMO over eastern central India strengthens the convection, enhancing precipitation results in reducing the dry bias. Despite substantially improved ROM’performance, it still exhibits some systematic biases (wet/dry) partially associated with the persistent warm/cold SST bias and land–atmosphere interaction

Demonstrating the asymmetry of the Indian Ocean Dipole response in regional earth system model of CORDEX-SA

An accurate representation of the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) is crucial for the reliable projection of Indian summer monsoon rainfall, making it necessary to improve the understanding of the response of the IOD in the warming climate. For the first time, a high-resolution regional earth system model (RESM) over the CORDEX-SA domain is used to investigate the IOD characteristics. The model performance is evaluated in simulating the IOD and associated mechanism. RESM shows a good resemblance in simulating IOD phases (positive and negative). However, the systematic discrepancy is observed in magnitude. Additionally, RESM well represented the positive IOD's inter-event variability. For example, the stronger event dominated by significant cold anomalies over Sumatra with enhanced westward-extended while a moderate event shows weak cooling confined to the region of Sumatra. Additionally, RESM shows potential to distinguish the ENSO and non-ENSO years with more remarkable skill in representing the spatial pattern of SST over IOD region during non-ESNO years than ENSO years. The RESM realistically simulated the IOD amplitude with greater skill than CMIP5/6 models reported in the earlier studies, indicating reliability towards the projection of the Indian summer monsoon. The weaker IOD-ENSO relationship is caused by producing the more significant number of IOD during non-ENSO years. Despite this reliable fidelity, IOD's slightly earlier peak is driven by the early establishment of low-level equatorial easterly wind. This study provided valuable insight into the IOD's different phases, responsible forcings, and limitations of the RESM in accounting for the role of internal climate variability that can be useful for further improvement in the model physics

Spatio-temporal isolator in lithium niobate on insulator

In this contribution, we simulate, design, and experimentally demonstrate an integrated optical isolator based on spatiotemporal modulation in the thin-film lithium niobate on insulator waveguide platform. We used two cascaded travelling wave phase modulators for spatiotemporal modulation and a ring resonator as a wavelength filter to suppress the sidebands of the reverse propagating light. This enabled us to achieve an isolation of 27 dB. The demonstrated suppression of the reverse propagating light makes such isolators suitable for the integration with III-V laser diodes and Erbium doped gain sections in the thin-film lithium niobate on insulator waveguide platform.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure

In vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory potential of Pleurotus ostreatus cv. Florida extract

Pleurotus ostreatus cv. Florida is one of the widely used edible mushroom. The polysaccharides from this mushrooms have been studied for antidiabetic potential; however, no efforts have been made to explore the potential of this mushroom to influence carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes viz. α-amylase and α-glucosidase. The present work was undertaken to investigate the inhibitory potential of Pleurotus ostreatus cv. Florida on enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Several concentrations of extracts were used to study inhibition of enzymatic activity of α-amylase and α-glucosidase. A dose dependent inhibitory effect on enzymes was observed. The current study, for the first time, uncovered α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory potential of Pleurotus ostreatus cv. Florida. The study could be helpful to isolate and characterize compounds responsible for it