Rehabilitation And Reconstruction Of Islamic Architectural Heritage In China: The Example Of The Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

The Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, located in Northwestern China, has the highest concentration of Hui Muslims in China: around 34% of the local population is Hui Muslim. Following the anti-religious campaigns of the communist regime and the wide destruction of the Cultural Revolution, Hui Muslims began gradually to reclaim their Muslim heritage in the late 70's. A major aspect of the rediscovery of their Islamic heritage was the Rehabilitation and reconstruction of Islamic Architectural buildings. As of today, Ningxia counts 4,500 mosques and other religious buildings. The present article seeks to introduce the architectural tendencies at play in this reconstruction, specifically the role of competing Arabic and Chinese influences

Halal Certification System As A Resource For Firm Internationalisation: Comparison Of China And Malaysia

There is a broad consensus to the effect that public agencies can mitigate the obstacles and uncertainties associated with the process of firm internationalisation. One critical aspect of such interventionist policy is the establishment of a national/regional halal certification system, which has been widely recognised as a core factor in the international expansion of halal food firms. Based on thorough field research conducted in the halal food industries of the Ningxia Autonomous Hui Region of China and Malaysia, the present article examines how different models of halal certification can promote and ease access of local firms to international markets. Using both qualitative and quantitative methodologies, the present article allows the authors to formulate general conclusions on the relationship between firm internationalisation and halal certification, as well as specific insights for halal food industries elsewhere seeking to promote their international activities

Participation des populations aux projets programmés de migration environnementale dans le Ningxia (Chine)

Les projets de migration programmée de populations pour cause de dégradations environnementales représentent un véritable défi pour les institutions publiques, et impliquent plusieurs risques pour les migrants eux-mêmes, particulièrement dans les pays émergents comme la Chine. Cet article vise à explorer l'influence de la gouvernance des institutions et de la participation des migrants sur la mitigation de ces risques. Sur la base d'une enquête empirique réalisée dans deux villages de la province du Ningxia, nous considérons la relation dynamique et interactive entre les migrants et les autorités locales, et constatons que la nature participative (ou non) des institutions peut jouer un rôle fondamental dans la réussite ou l'échec des projets de déplacement. Ainsi, les risques d'appauvrissement et de désarticulation sociale ne sont pas des conséquences inévitables qui s'imposent aux migrants : lorsqu'on leur en donne l'opportunité, ces derniers peuvent réagir, s'adapter, influencer et même améliorer les projets, afin de faire valoir leurs intérêts et de mitiger les risques auxquels ils sont exposés.Policies of forced migration of populations due to environmental degradation pose a real challenge for public institutions, and expose migrants themselves to a certain number of potential risks, particularly in emerging countries such as China. This article aims to explore the contribution of institutional governance and migrant participation to the mitigation of these risks. Based on an empirical survey conducted in two villages in Ningxia autonomous province of China, we consider the dynamic and interactive relations between migrants and local government, and find that the (non-)participatory nature of local institutions plays a fundamental role in determining the success or failure of the migration policies. Thus, the risks of impoverishment and social dislocation are not inevitable consequences imposed on migrants: when given the opportunity, they can respond, adapt, influence and even improve projects in order to promote their interests and mitigate the risks to which they are exposed.Las políticas de gestión de la migración forzoso de poblaciones debido a la degradación ambiental representan un verdadero desafío para las instituciones públicas, y exponen a los migrantes a numerosos riesgos potenciales, especialmente en los países emergentes como China. Este artículo tiene como objetivo explorar la contribución de la gobernabilidad institucional y de la participación de migrantes a la atenuación de estos riesgos. Basado en un estudio empírico realizado en dos aldeas de la Región Autónoma Hui de Ningxia, en China, hemos considerado las relaciones dinámicas e interactivas entre los migrantes y el gobierno local, y hemos encontrado que el carácter participativo de las instituciones locales desempeña un papel fundamental para determinar el éxito o el fracaso de las políticas migratorias. Por tanto, los riesgos de empobrecimiento y de dislocación social no son inevitables consecuencias que se imponen a los migrantes: cuando éstos tienen oportunidad, son capaces de responder, adaptarse, influir y mejorar sus proyectos con el fin de promover sus intereses y mitigar los riesgos a los que están expuestos

Halal Certification System As A Key Determinant Of Firm Internationalisation In The Philippines And Malaysia

There is a broad consensus to the effect that public agencies can mitigate the obstacles and uncertainties associated with the process of firm internationalisation. One critical aspect of such interventionist policy is the establishment of a national/region halal certification system, which has been widely recognised as core factor in the international expansion of halal food firms. Based on a thorough field research conducted in the halal food industries of the Philippines and Malaysia, the present article shall explicitly examine how exactly different models of halal certification can promote and ease access of local firms to international markets. Using both qualitative and quantitative methodologies, the present article will allow us to formulate general conclusions regarding the relationship between firm internationalisation and halal certification, as well as specific insights for other halal food industries seeking to promote their international activities