Downregulation of Fat Mass and Obesity Associated (FTO) Promotes the Progression of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) ranks as the second most malignant type of primary liver cancer with a high degree of incidence and a very poor prognosis. Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) functions as an eraser of the RNA m6A modification, but its roles in ICC tumorigenesis and development remain unknown. We showed here that the protein level of FTO was downregulated in clinical ICC samples and cell lines and that FTO expression was inversely correlated with the expression of CA19-9 and micro-vessel density (MVD). A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that a low expression of FTO predicted poor prognosis in ICC. in vitro, decreased endogenous expression of FTO obviously reduced apoptosis of ICC cells. Moreover, FTO suppressed the anchorage-independent growth and mobility of ICC cells. Through mining the database, FTO was found to regulate the integrin signaling pathway, inflammation signaling pathway, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway, angiogenesis, and the pyrimidine metabolism pathway. RNA decay assay showed that oncogene TEAD2 mRNA stability was impaired by FTO. In addition, the overexpression of FTO suppressed tumor growth in vivo. In conclusion, our study demonstrated the critical roles of FTO in ICC

Enhanced Phenol Tert-Butylation Reaction Activity over Hierarchical Porous Silica-Alumina Materials

Hierarchical aluminum-silicon materials have been successfully prepared by mixing pre-crystallization of silica-alumina sol and citric acid under hydrothermal conditions. The influence of pre-crystallization time on the micro-mesoporous structure is studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), N2 physical adsorption, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The catalytic performance of hierarchical silica-alumina material is evaluated by alkylation of phenol with tert-butanol. The results show that the silica-alumina materials with a pre-crystallization time of 16 h show micro-mesoporous structure and excellent catalytic activity

Molecular tagging and effect analysis of a new small grain dwarf gene in rice

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Rapid Communication - Molecular Tagging and Effect Analysis of a New Small Grain Dwarf Gene in Rice

Plant height is one of the important agronomic traits of rice. Over higher plant would easily result in plant lodging and output reducing. On the other hand, the dwarf varieties with proper plant height had higher lodging resistance and a greater harvest index, allowing for the increased use of nitrogen fertilizer. Dwarf breeding had made a great breakthrough in the rice breeding. The breeding and extension of excellent dwarf varieties remarkably improved the yield potential of rice. Therefore, the plant height is still one of the focuses in rice genetic research. So far a great deal of study has been made on the dwarf trait of rice, and about 60 dwarf and semidwarf genes have been reported (Kinoshita, 1984; Nagato and Yoshimura, 1998). More than 20 dwarf and semidwarf genes have been located on the rice chromosomes by using methods of classical genetics, and three semidwarf genes (Liang et al, 1994; Maeda et al, 1995; Jiang et al, 2002) and nine dwarf genes (Kishimoto et al, 1992; Yoshimura et al, 1992; Yu et al, 1992; Abenes et al, 1994; Ideta et al, 1994a; 1994b; Ashikari et al, 1996) have been mapped by using molecular markers. Recently, two rice dwarf genes, d1 (Ashikari et al, 1999 ) and d61 (Yamamuro et al, 2000 ), have been cloned, which resulted in dwarf by acting on the signaling pathway of the endohormone. In the present study, a small grain dwarf mutant, designated as "162d", was identified from a semidwarf variety Shuhui 162, and the mutant gene was mapped with microsatellite markers. Meanwhile, the phenotype effects of the mutant gene were analyzed by using the near isogenic lines

A critical reflection on the discipline of nursing based on the correct analysis of the relationship between medicine and nursing

As nursing becomes a first-level discipline, the central focus of the development process of nursing science is the independent exploration of the future path of nursing care. Although many countries have made efforts to develop nursing as an independent discipline, no remarkable advancement has been achieved due to the incorrect understanding of the relationship between nursing and medicine and the improper comprehension of other factors involved in the process of nursing reform. Teaching and practicing nursing also face many problems. Based on our understanding of the relationship between nursing and medicine and through a careful analysis of the existing problems in the current nursing discipline, this paper provides some insights into the future directions of nursing development by exploring the independently developing nursing discipline in foreign countries