A New Method on Software Reliability Prediction

As we all know, relevant data during software life cycle can be used to analyze and predict software reliability. Firstly, the major disadvantages of the current software reliability models are discussed. And then based on analyzing classic PSO-SVM model and the characteristics of software reliability prediction, some measures of the improved PSO-SVM model are proposed, and the improved model is established. Lastly, simulation results show that compared with classic models, the improved model has better prediction precision, better generalization ability, and lower dependence on the number of samples, which is more applicable for software reliability prediction

Online Versus Face to Face College Courses

Students have perceptions of the on-line course environment whether they have taken an on-line course or not. A random sample (N = 100) of undergraduate (n = 34) and graduate (n = 66) students were administered a student perception questionnaire on students\u27 attitudes towards studying online versus traditional classroom instruction in a large, private, southern New England University. Thirty-nine percent of the participants have a part-time job, 29% have a full-time job, and the remaining 32% are not currently employed. Thirty-three percent of the sample was male and 67% were female. Results of the survey questionnaire indicate that 29% of the sample attended or had some online course experience. Fifty-six percent reported having positive perception towards online education and yet only 22% would actually take an online course if given the opportunity. Time management and flexibility were given as prime reasons for taking on-line courses. Although all students use the Internet very much in their daily life, the results show that students still seem to prefer the traditional classroom environment for their education

The scene cognition and production mechanism of the Yellow River tourism cultural space

[Objective] Based on the division of the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Yellow River, this study analyzed the scene representation of the Yellow River tourism cultural space and the market-oriented cognition of the cultural background connotation from the dual perspectives of cultural scene evolution and tourist perception, which has guiding significance for the optimization of space production and the differentiation of industrial development. [Methods] This study combined the scene theory and space production theory to construct a progressive cognitive framework of perceptual space scene-conceptual space scene-interactive space scene. The second-level dimension of scene cognition was refined by evaluating text precoding. Machine learning algorithms and configuration analysis tools were used to explore the differentiated section characteristics and dynamic production mechanism of the Yellow River tourism cultural space scenes. [Results] (1) The material perceptual space scenes of the three sections showed a unified common feature, and the perception of natural ecological scenes was consistently significant. The conceptual space scene and the interactive space scene present a diversified and superimposed distribution. The upstream conceptual space scene is characterized by uniqueness and entertainment value，mainly with product difference experience as the main interactive feedback. The midstream conceptual space scene is characterized by knowledge value, mainly with cultural authenticity experience as the main interactive feedback. The downstream conceptual space scene is characterized by leisure value, mainly taking service quality experience and ecological environment experience as interactive feedback. (2) The production of cultural space in the three sections is in different stages of evolution and development. The upstream is in the stage of perceptual space production, and the extension of conceptual space and the construction of the interactive space are relatively lacking. The middle reaches are in the stage of conceptual space production, which has not yet broken away from the dependence on material resources. The downstream is in the stage of interactive space production, which tends to focus on the production of natural ecological and leisure scene. [Conclusion] The Yellow River tourism cultural space is a multi-level and multi-dimensional cultural complex. Each section is aggregated into a cultural system with strong identity and orientation. Here, it is proposed that different sections should focus on excavating characteristic cultural resources, promoting the construction of local cultural brands, and exploring differentiated spatial development paths and driving mechanisms

Effect of solution condition on hydroxyapatite formation in evaluating bioactivity of B2O3 containing 45S5 bioactive glasses

Article describes study investigating the effects of testing solutions and conditions on hydroxyapatite (HAp) formation as a means of in vitro bioactivity evaluation of B2O3 containing 45S5 bioactive glasses

Stability and drug dissolution evaluation of Qingkailing soft/hard capsules based on multi-component quantification and fingerprint pattern statistical analysis

Purpose: To carry out a post-marketing evaluation of the stability and drug dissolution of Qingkailing soft/hard capsules.Methods: High performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) method was developed for the determination of three key ingredients (chlorogenic acid, geniposide and baicalin) and fingerprints of QKL soft/hard capsules. Stability tests were carried out based on long-term testing. The drug release profile of Qingkailing soft and hard capsules were studied using semi-bionic incubation experiments.Results: The linearity, precision, stability, repeatability and recovery of HPLC and fingerprint all met the requirements of CFDA. Stability data from long-term studies showed that within 6 months the contents of the three key ingredients in both soft and hard capsules remained > 90 %. However, fingerprint pattern statistical analysis showed that the soft capsule is more stable than the hard capsule. Furthermore, the key ingredients of the hard capsule dissolved much faster (p < 0.05) than from the soft capsule. The level of dissolved drug of hard capsule is about 4 times the rate of soft capsule, after a 4-h incubation in gastric lavage fluid. In intestinal lavage fluid, more than 90 % of chlorogenic acid, geniposide and baicalin of hard capsule were dissolved in 2 h, while the soft capsule displayed a 12 h sustained release. Fingerprint pattern statistical analysis also showed that most of the components of soft capsule dissolved after 8 h.Conclusion: Compared with the hard capsule, Qingkailing soft capsule has certain advantages in stability and drug dissolution, which may affect the biopharmaceutics and the clinical effects of the drug.Keywords: Qingkailing capsule, Chlorogenic acid, Geniposide, Baicalin, Fingerprint, Sustained release, Principal component analysi

A genomic copy number variant analysis implicates the MBD5 and HNRNPU genes in Chinese children with infantile spasms and expands the clinical spectrum of 2q23.1 deletion

Background: Infantile spasms (IS) is a specific type of epileptic encephalopathy associated with severe developmental disabilities. Genetic factors are strongly implicated in IS, however, the exact genetic defects remain unknown in the majority of cases. Rare mutations in a single gene or in copy number variants (CNVs) have been implicated in IS of children in Western countries. The objective of this study was to dissect the role of copy number variations in Chinese children with infantile spasms. Methods: We used the Agilent Human Genome CGH microarray 180 K for genome-wide detection of CNVs. Real-time qPCR was used to validate the CNVs. We performed genomic and medical annotations for individual CNVs to determine the pathogenicity of CNVs related to IS. Results: We report herein the first genome-wide CNV analysis in children with IS, detecting a total of 14 CNVs in a cohort of 47 Chinese children with IS. Four CNVs (4/47 = 8.5%) (1q21.1 gain; 1q44, 2q31.1, and 17p13 loss) are considered to be pathogenic. The CNV loss at 17p13.3 contains PAFAH1B1 (LIS1), a causative gene for lissencephaly. Although the CNVs at 1q21.1, 1q44, and 2q23.1 have been previously implicated in a wide spectrum of clinical features including autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and generalized seizure, our study is the first report identifying them in individuals with a primary diagnosis of IS. The CNV loss in the 1q44 region contains HNRNPU, a strong candidate gene recently suggested in IS by the whole exome sequencing of children with IS. The CNV loss at 2q23.1 includes MBD5, a methyl-DNA binding protein that is a causative gene of ASD and a candidate gene for epileptic encephalopathy. We also report a distinct clinical presentation of IS, microcephaly, intellectual disability, and absent hallux in a case with the 2q23.1 deletion. Conclusion: Our findings strongly support the role of CNVs in infantile spasms and expand the clinical spectrum associate with 2q23.1 deletion. In particular, our study implicates the HNRNPU and MBD5 genes in Chinese children with IS. Our study also supports that the molecular mechanisms of infantile spasms appear conserved among different ethnic backgrounds

META analysis on the effect of taijiquan on improving negative psychological symptoms of college students and the optimal dose

BackgroundTaijiquan, as a physical and mental exercise, can improve the negative psychology of college students. However, it is still controversial, and the optimal exercise dose of taijiquan to interfere with negative psychology has not been evaluated.ObjectiveThis study is aimed at systematically evaluating the effect of taijiquan therapy on improving negative psychological symptoms of college students and its optimal intervention dose.MethodsSearch databases such as Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, CNKI, WFSD, etc. Collect high-quality relevant RCT studies. After screening, extracting, coding and counting the data, a META analysis is done through Review Manage 5.3 and Stata 15.0 software. PICOS established the eligibility criteria to select the studies as follows: (i) population - non-clinical of college students; (ii) intervention - taijiquan intervention; (iii) comparison - taijiquan intervention group and regular physical activity group; (iv) outcomes - depression, anxiety; and (v) study design - randomized controlled trial.ResultsA total of 12 articles and 1,000 samples were included. All of the participants are college students. Taijiquan therapy can significantly reduce the depression and anxiety symptoms of college students [SMD = −0.53, 95% CI (−0.82, −0.23)], [SMD = −0.49, 95% CI (−0.90, −0.09)], with statistical significance (P < 0.05). Subgroup analysis shows that: there is a precise focus on depression and anxiety symptoms. The intervention period is more than 12 weeks, and the best effect appears when people practice 3 times a week. The best single intervention time for depression symptoms is 60 min, and for anxiety symptoms 80–90 min. It is found that taijiquan combined with mindfulness intervention can significantly reduce negative psychological symptoms like depression and anxiety of college students than single taijiquan intervention. Funnel plot combined with sensitivity analysis, Begg, Egger test showed no publication bias.ConclusionTaijiquan intervention can effectively improve the negative psychological symptoms of college students, and it has great promotion value in colleges and universities.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier: CRD42022314071

Lung cancer occurrence attributable to passive smoking among never smokers in China:a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Quantifying the occurrence of lung cancer due to passive smoking is a necessary step when forming public health policy. In this study, we estimated the proportion of lung cancer cases attributable to passive smoking among never smokers in China. Methods: Six databases were searched up to July 2019 for original observational studies reporting relative risks (RRs) or odds ratios (ORs) for the occurrence of lung cancer associated with passive smoking in Chinese never smokers. The population attributable fraction (PAF) was then calculated using the combined proportion of lung cancer cases exposed to passive smoking and the pooled ORs from meta-analysis. Data are reported with their 95% confidence intervals. Results: We identified 31 case-control studies of never smokers and no cohort studies. These comprised 9,614 lung cancer cases and 13,093 controls. The overall percentages of lung cancers attributable to passive smoking among never smokers were 15.5% (9.0-21.4%) for 9 population-based studies and 22.7% (16.6-28.3%) for 22 hospital-based studies. The PAFs for women were 17.9% (11.4-24.0%) for the population-based studies and 20.9% (14.7-26.7%) for the hospital-based studies. The PAF for men was only calculable for hospital-based studies, which was 29.0% (95% CI: 8.0-45.2%). Among women, the percentage of lung cancer cases attributable to household exposure (19.5%) was much higher than that due to workplace exposure (7.2%). Conclusions: We conclude that approximately 16% of lung cancer cases among never smokers in China are potentially attributable to passive smoking. This is slightly higher among women (around 18%), with most cases occurring due to household exposure