411 research outputs found

    E-Waste Recycling and Related Social Issues in China

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    AbstractChina has set a goal of establishing a Circular Economy policy for recycling resources in the near future. To further efforts to build a circular society, we analyzed the current status of E-waste recycling and related social issues, including the case of Guiyu town. Some policy suggestions on establishing recycling systems are recommended

    β-aminobutyric acid induces disease resistance against Botrytis cinerea in grape berries by a cellular priming mechanism

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    The present study was performed to investigate the effect of β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) treatment on defence activation in grape berries and to analyse its cellular mechanism. The results implied that BABA treatment at an effective concentration of 20 mM significantly inhibited gray mould rot caused by Botrytis cinerea in grape berries by inducing resistance. Accordingly, 20 mM BABA triggered a priming defence in grape suspension cells, since only the BABA-treated cells exhibited an accelerated ability for augmenting defence responses upon the pathogen inoculation. The primed cellular reactions were related to an early H2O2 burst, prompt accumulation of stilbene phytoalexins and activation of PR genes. Thus, we assume that 20 mM BABA can induce resistance to B. cinerea infection in intact grape berries perhaps via intercellular priming defence. Moreover, the BABA-induced priming defence is verified, because no negative effects on cell growth, anthocyanin synthesis, and quality impairment in either grape cells or intact berries were observed under low pathogenic pressure

    Experimental evidence of a metal-insulator transition in a half-filled Landau level

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    We have measured the low-temperature transport properties of a high-mobility front-gated GaAs/Al_{0.33}Ga_{0.67}As heterostructure. By changing the applied gate voltage, we can vary the amount of disorder within the system. At a Landau level filling factor ν=1/2\nu =1/2, where the system can be described by the composite fermion picture, we observe a crossover from metallic to insulating behaviour as the disorder is increased. Experimental results and theoretical prediction are compared.Comment: To be published in Solid State Communications. 4 figure

    Observation of Two New N* Peaks in J/psi -> ppinˉp pi^- \bar n and pˉπ+n\bar p\pi^+n Decays

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    The πN\pi N system in decays of J/ψNˉNπJ/\psi\to\bar NN\pi is limited to be isospin 1/2 by isospin conservation. This provides a big advantage in studying NπNN^*\to \pi N compared with πN\pi N and γN\gamma N experiments which mix isospin 1/2 and 3/2 for the πN\pi N system. Using 58 million J/ψJ/\psi decays collected with the Beijing Electron Positron Collider, more than 100 thousand J/ψpπnˉ+c.c.J/\psi \to p \pi^- \bar n + c.c. events are obtained. Besides two well known NN^* peaks at 1500 MeV and 1670 MeV, there are two new, clear NN^* peaks in the pπp\pi invariant mass spectrum around 1360 MeV and 2030 MeV. They are the first direct observation of the N(1440)N^*(1440) peak and a long-sought "missing" NN^* peak above 2 GeV in the πN\pi N invariant mass spectrum. A simple Breit-Wigner fit gives the mass and width for the N(1440)N^*(1440) peak as 1358±6±161358\pm 6 \pm 16 MeV and 179±26±50179\pm 26\pm 50 MeV, and for the new NN^* peak above 2 GeV as 2068±340+152068\pm 3^{+15}_{-40} MeV and 165±14±40165\pm 14\pm 40 MeV, respectively

    Direct Measurements of the Branching Fractions for D0Ke+νeD^0 \to K^-e^+\nu_e and D0πe+νeD^0 \to \pi^-e^+\nu_e and Determinations of the Form Factors f+K(0)f_{+}^{K}(0) and f+π(0)f^{\pi}_{+}(0)

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    The absolute branching fractions for the decays D0Ke+νeD^0 \to K^-e ^+\nu_e and D0πe+νeD^0 \to \pi^-e^+\nu_e are determined using 7584±198±3417584\pm 198 \pm 341 singly tagged Dˉ0\bar D^0 sample from the data collected around 3.773 GeV with the BES-II detector at the BEPC. In the system recoiling against the singly tagged Dˉ0\bar D^0 meson, 104.0±10.9104.0\pm 10.9 events for D0Ke+νeD^0 \to K^-e ^+\nu_e and 9.0±3.69.0 \pm 3.6 events for D0πe+νeD^0 \to \pi^-e^+\nu_e decays are observed. Those yield the absolute branching fractions to be BF(D0Ke+νe)=(3.82±0.40±0.27)BF(D^0 \to K^-e^+\nu_e)=(3.82 \pm 0.40\pm 0.27)% and BF(D0πe+νe)=(0.33±0.13±0.03)BF(D^0 \to \pi^-e^+\nu_e)=(0.33 \pm 0.13\pm 0.03)%. The vector form factors are determined to be f+K(0)=0.78±0.04±0.03|f^K_+(0)| = 0.78 \pm 0.04 \pm 0.03 and f+π(0)=0.73±0.14±0.06|f^{\pi}_+(0)| = 0.73 \pm 0.14 \pm 0.06. The ratio of the two form factors is measured to be f+π(0)/f+K(0)=0.93±0.19±0.07|f^{\pi}_+(0)/f^K_+(0)|= 0.93 \pm 0.19 \pm 0.07.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure

    Measurements of J/psi Decays into 2(pi+pi-)eta and 3(pi+pi-)eta

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    Based on a sample of 5.8X 10^7 J/psi events taken with the BESII detector, the branching fractions of J/psi--> 2(pi+pi-)eta and J/psi-->3(pi+pi-)eta are measured for the first time to be (2.26+-0.08+-0.27)X10^{-3} and (7.24+-0.96+-1.11)X10^{-4}, respectively.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figure

    BESII Detector Simulation

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    A Monte Carlo program based on Geant3 has been developed for BESII detector simulation. The organization of the program is outlined, and the digitization procedure for simulating the response of various sub-detectors is described. Comparisons with data show that the performance of the program is generally satisfactory.Comment: 17 pages, 14 figures, uses elsart.cls, to be submitted to NIM

    Measurement of branching fractions for the inclusive Cabibbo-favored ~K*0(892) and Cabibbo-suppressed K*0(892) decays of neutral and charged D mesons

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    The branching fractions for the inclusive Cabibbo-favored ~K*0 and Cabibbo-suppressed K*0 decays of D mesons are measured based on a data sample of 33 pb-1 collected at and around the center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV with the BES-II detector at the BEPC collider. The branching fractions for the decays D+(0) -> ~K*0(892)X and D0 -> K*0(892)X are determined to be BF(D0 -> \~K*0X) = (8.7 +/- 4.0 +/- 1.2)%, BF(D+ -> ~K*0X) = (23.2 +/- 4.5 +/- 3.0)% and BF(D0 -> K*0X) = (2.8 +/- 1.2 +/- 0.4)%. An upper limit on the branching fraction at 90% C.L. for the decay D+ -> K*0(892)X is set to be BF(D+ -> K*0X) < 6.6%

    The σ\sigma pole in J/ψωπ+πJ/\psi \to \omega \pi^+ \pi^-

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    Using a sample of 58 million J/ψJ/\psi events recorded in the BESII detector, the decay J/ψωπ+πJ/\psi \to \omega \pi^+ \pi^- is studied. There are conspicuous ωf2(1270)\omega f_2(1270) and b1(1235)πb_1(1235)\pi signals. At low ππ\pi \pi mass, a large broad peak due to the σ\sigma is observed, and its pole position is determined to be (541±39)(541 \pm 39) - ii (252±42)(252 \pm 42) MeV from the mean of six analyses. The errors are dominated by the systematic errors.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures, submitted to PL
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